ArticlesInhibition of Synaptosomal Accumulation of l‐Norepinephrine II: N‐aryloxyalkylphentermines, Quaternary d‐amphetamines, and 3‐aryloxypropylamines
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2016, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :These animal models of mania have relied on the effects of stimulant administration on the locomotion behavior of rodents as assessed in the open-field test (Berggren et al., 1978; Davies et al., 1974; Gould et al., 2001). In rodents, the administration of stimulants, such as d-amphetamine, produces an increase in dopamine (DA) efflux, inhibition of DA reuptake, or DA degradation by the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) (Robinson et al., 1985; Schaeffer et al., 1976), ultimately inducing an increase in locomotor activity and psychomotor agitation (Kara and Einat, 2013; Paszti-Gere and Jakus, 2013; Shaldubina et al., 2002). Moreover, cognitive functioning typically reported to be impaired in BD patients has also been found to be significantly decreased in psychostimulant-induced models for mania (Fries et al., 2015; Rygula et al., 2015; Trevizol et al., 2013).
The therapeutic effects of 4-phenylbutyric acid in maintaining proteostasis
2015, International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCitation Excerpt :Glucosamine used for disease treatment leads to dosage-dependent up regulation of ER stress factors which 4-PBA administration was able to reduce. Glucosamine-induced cell death and expression of LC3 II, a marker of autophagy, were reduced with 4-PBA administration (Schaeffer et al., 1976). It is vital to note that an excess of 4-PBA may reduce ER stress to a point where essential autophagy events are inactive which may cause pathologies of a completely different variety.
Unexpected conversion of alkyl azides to alkyl iodides and of aryl azides to N-tert-butyl anilines
2012, TetrahedronCitation Excerpt :The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. After purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (pentane/ethyl acetate from 100/0 to 90/10) 2-(prop-2-en-1-yl)aniline was isolated as an oil (900 mg, 48%).17 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.32 (2H, d, J=6.3), 3.60 (2H, br s), 5.06–5.19 (2H, m), 5.97 (1H, ddt, J=17.1, 10.3 and 6.0), 6.80–6.68 (2H, m), 7.12–7.04 (2H, m).
Association of Polymorphism within the Putative miRNA Target Site in the 3′UTR Region of the DRD2 Gene with Neuroticism in Patients with Substance Use Disorder
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2017, International Journal of Bipolar Disorders
Supported in part by US. Public Health Service Grant MH-23839.