Regular ArticleMisinformation Effects in Recall: Creating False Memories through Repeated Retrieval
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Incidental news exposure and COVID-19 misperceptions: A moderated-mediation model
2022, Computers in Human BehaviorCitation Excerpt :In terms of misinformation, exposure to misleading information may activate certain memories, resonating with specific information while forgetting other factual details. Moreover, repeated exposure to misinformation can result in the increase in individuals’ belief in the misleading information (Hyman, Husband, & Billings, 1995; Loftus & Ketcham, 1994; Roediger, Jacoby, & McDermott, 1996) making it harder for people to debunk misinformation. Individual's misperceptions can be related to information acquisition.
Recognition memory: Tulving's contributions and some new findings
2020, NeuropsychologiaCitation Excerpt :Gardiner began a program of research using the remember/know (R/K) procedure (e.g., Gardiner, 1988; Gardiner and Java, 1990) that brought the technique to greater awareness, reported interesting findings, and began all sorts of debates about what remember/know (R/K) judgments mean, ones that still resonate today. Most R/K experiments employ recognition memory, although experiments using cued recall (Roediger et al., 1996) and free recall (Hamilton and Rajaram, 2003; McDermott, 1996) are possible, as Tulving (1985) showed in his original paper. One argument is that R/K judgments reflect nothing more than different levels of confidence (e.g., Donaldson, 1996; Dunn, 2004; Rotello and Zeng, 2008).
Retrieval aids the creation of a generalised memory trace and strengthens episode-unique information
2019, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Consequently, we are unable to claim that the generalisation and episodic strengthening effects observed in our study will translate into behaviour in the short- or long-term. As mentioned above, however, there are studies indicating that repeated retrieval enhances the strength of the target memory (Lee et al., 2017) and produces an increase in contextual recollection (Chan and McDermott, 2007), but concurrently also increases the likelihood of endorsing perceptually (Lee et al., 2017) or semantically (Roediger et al., 1996) related lure items as old. The pattern of behavioural changes that has been reported in the existing literature is thus well aligned with our finding that retrieval concurrently strengthens semantic and episodic aspects of a memory trace.