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Influence of Mast Cells on Leukocyte-Independent Plasma Extravasation during Endotoxemia

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    Consistently, De Clerk et al. showed that serotonin is a key player in platelet-mediated vascular permeability (De Clerck et al., 1985). Another cell type being potentially involved in serotonin mediated capillary leakage may be mast cells as these cells are an additional source of serotonin and have been shown to be important in the pathophysiology of leukocyte-independent plasma extravasation during endotoxemia (Walther et al., 2001a). Overall, the discussion on relevant pathways of serotoninergic effects in burns and therapeutic mechanisms of serotoninergic antagonists such as Met remain controversial.

  • Cinanserin reduces plasma extravasation after burn plasma transfer in rats

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    De Clerk et al. detected serotonin as a key player in platelet-mediated vascular permeability suggesting that serotonin may lead to endothelial damage by modifying platelet-vessel wall interactions as well as platelet aggregation [28,29]. Mast cells may also influence serotonin mediated vascular permeability as Walther et al. postulated these cells to play an important role in leukocyte independent plasma extravasation in endotoxemia [30]. Overall the variety of serotoninergic effects on vascular permeability including leukocyte dependent as well as independent mechanisms are discussed in the literature.

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    Thus, different stimuli may invoke different patterns of mast cell mediator release, and mediators released by mast cells after endotoxin-challenge seems to differ from mediators released by mast cells after CMP 48/80 stimulation. Furthermore, it is known that IgE-dependent stimulation of mast cells increase microvascular permeability via a H1-receptor-dependent mechanism, but there is no effect of histamine on early plasma extravasation after rapid mast cell activation using CMP 48/80.41,42 Platelets play a complex role in sepsis.

  • 5-HT2a receptor antagonism reduces burn-induced macromolecular efflux in rats

    2015, European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery
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