Short CommunicationsORF C4 of Tomato Leaf Curl Geminivirus Is a Determinant of Symptom Severity
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Exploring the functional interactions between geminivirus and host during viral replication, assembly, and movement
2022, Geminivirus: Detection, Diagnosis and ManagementThe interaction between begomoviruses and host proteins: Who determines the pathogenicity of begomoviruses
2021, Plant Virus-Host Interaction: Molecular Approaches and Viral EvolutionGeminiviruses and their interaction with host proteins
2021, Plant Virus-Host Interaction: Molecular Approaches and Viral EvolutionTranslation, modification and cellular distribution of two AC4 variants of African cassava mosaic virus in yeast and their pathogenic potential in plants
2016, VirologyCitation Excerpt :The function of monopartite begomoviruses and curtovirus C4 proteins as a symptom determinant is well described. Loss of the C4 protein led to an attenuation of symptoms as well as reduced infectivity (Iqbal et al., 2012; Jupin et al., 1994; Latham et al., 1997; Piroux et al., 2007; Rigden et al., 1994; Rojas et al., 2001). Furthermore, a role of the protein in cell-to-cell movement of the virus has been discussed (Jupin et al., 1994; Rojas et al., 2001).
The C2 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus acts as a pathogenicity determinant and a 16-amino acid domain is responsible for inducing a hypersensitive response in plants
2016, Virus ResearchCitation Excerpt :Its genome encodes the coat protein (CP) and the V2 protein transcribed from the virion-sense strand; beside the replication-associated protein (Rep or C1), the complementary-sense strand transcribes C2, the replication enhancer protein (C3), and C4, positioned within the C1 ORF but in a different frame (Moriones and Navas-Castillo, 2000). The C4 protein is associated to pathogenicity (Ridgen et al., 1994), virus movement (Jupin et al., 1994), and silencing suppression (Vanitharani et al., 2005). Multiple activities have been attributed to the C2/AC2 proteins of geminiviruses; in few cases functional regions were identified, i.e., a basic domain at the N-terminus, containing a nuclear localization signal, a central non-canonical zinc finger domain, and an acidic moiety at the C-terminus, with transcriptional activation functions (Sunter and Bisaro, 1997).