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Hypospadias and Genital Development pp 45–72Cite as

Endocrine Abnormalities in Boys with Hypospadias

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 545))

Abstract

Hypospadias is one of the most common problems treated by the pediatric urologist, with an incidence of about 2 – 4 cases per 1,000 male births, or about 1 in 335 boys in modern series (Belman, 2002). Although the problem is common and the surgical management of hypospadias has made tremendous advances, with details provided elsewhere in this textbook, the etiology of most cases of hypospadias is often unclear. Since the development of the urethra is a hormone dependent event, logic suggests - and most authorities consider - that the development of hypospadias is in some way related to a relative deficiency of androgen action at the time of genital development. Given the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology, new theories of urethral development based on mesenchymalepithelial interaction — and related derangements that might lead to hypospadias - are also emerging (Baskin, 2000). Research into the etiology of hypospadias continues to shed light on the endocrine, genetic, environmental, and other miscellaneous factors that may contribute to the occurrence of this specific birth defect. The recent developments in this field are the topic of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA

    Richard I. Silver M.D., FAAP, FACS (Assistant Professor of Urology and Pediatrics, Attending Pediatric Urologist)

  2. Schneider Children’s Hospital Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

    Richard I. Silver M.D., FAAP, FACS (Assistant Professor of Urology and Pediatrics, Attending Pediatric Urologist)

  3. 19 Flower Lane, Manhasset, NY, 11030

    Richard I. Silver M.D., FAAP, FACS (Assistant Professor of Urology and Pediatrics, Attending Pediatric Urologist)

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  1. Richard I. Silver M.D., FAAP, FACS
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Laurence S. Baskin

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Silver, R.I. (2004). Endocrine Abnormalities in Boys with Hypospadias. In: Baskin, L.S. (eds) Hypospadias and Genital Development. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 545. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8995-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8995-6_4

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