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Preventing AIDS pp 25–59Cite as

Social Cognitive Theory and Exercise of Control over HIV Infection

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Part of the book series: AIDS Prevention and Mental Health ((APMH))

Abstract

Prevention of infection with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus requires people to exercise influence over their own behavior and their social environment. Societal efforts designed to control the spread of AIDS have centered mainly on informing the public about how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is transmitted and how to safeguard against such infection. It is widely assumed that if people are adequately informed about the AIDS threat they will take appropriate self-protective action. Heightened awareness and knowledge of health risks are important preconditions for self-directed change. Unfortunately, information alone does not necessarily exert much influence on refractory health-impairing habits. To achieve self-directed change, people need to be given not only reasons to alter risky habits but also the behavioral means, resources, and social supports to do so. Effective self-regulation of behavior is not achieved by an act of will. It requires certain skills in self-motivation and self-guidance (Bandura, 1986). Moreover, there is a major difference between possessing self-regulative skills and being able to use them effectively and consistently under difficult circumstances. Success, therefore, requires strong self-belief in one’s efficacy to exercise personal control.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA

    Albert Bandura

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  1. Albert Bandura
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  1. School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and School of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, and Center for AIDS Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA

    Ralph J. DiClemente Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303, USA

    John L. Peterson Ph.D.

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Bandura, A. (1994). Social Cognitive Theory and Exercise of Control over HIV Infection. In: DiClemente, R.J., Peterson, J.L. (eds) Preventing AIDS. AIDS Prevention and Mental Health. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1193-3_3

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