Abstract
With the expectation of prolonged survival in the vast majority of women diagnosed with breast cancer, making initial treatment decisions that minimize or prevent late complications, and maximize the quality as well as quantity of life, is absolutely critical. Unfortunately, such care is not uniformly delivered. Patient, provider, and system barriers contribute to delays in cancer care, lower quality of care, and poorer outcomes in vulnerable populations, including low income, underinsured, and racial/ethnic minority populations. Covering the costs of cancer care is a major concern for many cancer survivors, and as a result, a major challenge will be to provide cost-effective follow-up care by reducing overuse of unnecessary tests and procedures so that access to effective medications can be preserved. One of the recently promoted means of improving the coordination of care for breast cancer survivors has been the use of survivorship care planning, as coordination of care will be absolutely essential to deliver high-quality care. Patient navigation is another approach to help overcome healthcare system barriers and facilitate timely access to quality medical care. Understanding the challenges and opportunities in delivering high-quality cancer care is one of the most critical issues of the day. With the large numbers of breast cancer patients and the tremendous advances in our understanding of the disease and treatments (leading to large numbers of survivors), breast cancer will likely be the focus of new models for the delivery of better and more efficient cancer care.
Keywords
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abernethy AP, Etheredge LM, Ganz PA et al (2010) Rapid-learning system for cancer care. J Clin Oncol 28:4268–4274
American Cancer Society (2010) Cancer facts and figures 2010. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society
American Cancer Society (2011) Breast cancer facts and figures, 2011–2012. American Cancer Society, Atlanta
American Cancer Society (2013) Cancer prevention & early detection facts & figures 2013. American Cancer Society, Atlanta
Anderson BO, Cazap E, El Saghir NS et al (2011) Optimisation of breast cancer management in low-resource and middle-resource countries: executive summary of the breast health global initiative consensus, 2010. Lancet Oncol 12:387–398
Benson R, Wilson C, Williams MV (1998) Comments on costs of treating advanced colorectal cancer, Ross et al., Eur J Cancer 1996, 32A, S13-S17. Eur J Cancer 34:593–594
Berry DA, Cronin KA, Plevritis SK et al (2005) Effect of screening and adjuvant therapy on mortality from breast cancer. N Engl J Med 353:1784–1792
Bickell NA, Wang JJ, Oluwole S et al (2006) Missed opportunities: racial disparities in adjuvant breast cancer treatment. J Clin Oncol 24:1357–1362
Birken SA, Deal AM, Mayer DK et al (2014) Determinants of survivorship care plan use in US cancer programs. J Cancer Educ 29:720–727
Blanch-Hartigan D, Forsythe LP, Alfano CM et al (2014) Provision and discussion of survivorship care plans among cancer survivors: results of a nationally representative survey of oncologists and primary care physicians. J Clin Oncol 32:1578–1585
Bowen RL, Stebbing J, Jones LJ (2006) A review of the ethnic differences in breast cancer. Pharmacogenomics 7:935–942
Carey LA, Perou CM, Livasy CA et al (2006) Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina breast cancer study. JAMA 295:2492–2502
Caudle AS, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Hunt KK et al (2010) Predictors of tumor progression during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/index.html?redirect=/nationalhealthexpenddata/ J Clin Oncol 28:1821–1828
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services: National Health Expenditure Data: Historical
Cheung WY, Aziz N, Noone AM et al (2013) Physician preferences and attitudes regarding different models of cancer survivorship care: a comparison of primary care providers and oncologists. J Cancer Surviv 7:343–354
DeSantis C, Ma J, Bryan L et al (2014) Breast cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin 64:52–62
Du XL, Fang S, Vernon SW et al (2007) Racial disparities and socioeconomic status in association with survival in a large population-based cohort of elderly patients with colon cancer. Cancer 110:660–669
Du XL, Fang S, Meyer TE (2008) Impact of treatment and socioeconomic status on racial disparities in survival among older women with breast cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 31:125–132
Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (2005) Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 365:1687–1717
Esserman L, Thompson I (2010) Solving the overdiagnosis dilemma. J Natl Cancer Inst 102:582–583
Esserman L, Shieh Y, Thompson I (2009) Rethinking screening for breast cancer and prostate cancer. JAMA 302:1685–1692
Esserman LJ, Thompson IM Jr, Reid B (2013) Overdiagnosis and overtreatment in cancer: an opportunity for improvement. JAMA 310:797–798
Freeman HP, Wasfie TJ (1989) Cancer of the breast in poor black women. Cancer 63:2562–2569
Ganz PA (2010) Quality-of-life issues in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2010:218–222
Ganz PA, Hahn EE (2008) Implementing a survivorship care plan for patients with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 26:759–767
Ganz PA, Rowland JH, Desmond K et al (1998) Life after breast cancer: understanding women’s health-related quality of life and sexual functioning. J Clin Oncol 16:501–514
Ganz PA, Kwan L, Somerfield MR et al (2006) The role of prevention in oncology practice: results from a 2004 survey of American society of clinical oncology members. J Clin Oncol 24:2948–2957
Ganz PA, Casillas J, Hahn EE (2008) Ensuring quality care for cancer survivors: implementing the survivorship care plan. Semin Oncol Nurs 24:208–217
Ganz PA, Kwan L, Stanton AL et al (2011a) Physical and psychosocial recovery in the year after primary treatment of breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 29:1101–1109
Ganz PA, Land SR, Geyer CE Jr et al (2011b) Menstrual history and quality-of-life outcomes in women with node-positive breast cancer treated with adjuvant therapy on the NSABP B-30 trial. J Clin Oncol 29:1110–1116
Gerend MA, Pai M (2008) Social determinants of black-white disparities in breast cancer mortality: a review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:2913–2923
Giordano SH (2012) Radiotherapy in older women with low-risk breast cancer: why did practice not change? J Clin Oncol 30:1577–1578
Grunfeld E, Mant D, Yudkin P et al (1996) Routine follow up of breast cancer in primary care: randomised trial. BMJ 313:665–669
Grunfeld E, Levine MN, Julian JA et al (2006) Randomized trial of long-term follow-up for early-stage breast cancer: a comparison of family physician versus specialist care. J Clin Oncol 24:848–855
Han PK, Klabunde CN, Noone AM et al (2013) Physicians’ beliefs about breast cancer surveillance testing are consistent with test overuse. Med Care 51:315–323
Haq R, Heus L, Baker NA et al (2013) Designing a multifaceted survivorship care plan to meet the information and communication needs of breast cancer patients and their family physicians: results of a qualitative pilot study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 13:76
Harford JB, Otero IV, Anderson BO et al (2011) Problem solving for breast health care delivery in low and middle resource countries (LMCs): consensus statement from the breast health global initiative. Breast 20(Suppl 2):S20–S29
Hassett MJ, Griggs JJ (2009) Disparities in breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy: moving beyond yes or no. J Clin Oncol 27:2120–2121
Hershman DL, Wang X, McBride R et al (2006a) Delay in initiating adjuvant radiotherapy following breast conservation surgery and its impact on survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1353–1360
Hershman DL, Wang X, McBride R et al (2006b) Delay of adjuvant chemotherapy initiation following breast cancer surgery among elderly women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 99:313–321
Hershman D, Kushi L, Shao T et al (2010) Early discontinuation and non-adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy in a cohort of 8900 early stage breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol
Hershman DL, Shao T, Kushi LH et al (2011) Early discontinuation and non-adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy are associated with increased mortality in women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 126:529–537
Hewitt M, Ganz PA (2006) From cancer patient to cancer survivor – lost in transition: an American society of clinical oncology and institute of medicine symposium. National Academies of Press, Washington, DC
Hewitt M, Greenfield S, Stovall E (2006) Lost in transition. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC
Hewitt ME, Bamundo A, Day R et al (2007) Perspectives on post-treatment cancer care: qualitative research with survivors, nurses, and physicians. J Clin Oncol 25:2270–2273
Hunt BR, Whitman S, Hurlbert MS (2014) Increasing black: white disparities in breast cancer mortality in the 50 largest cities in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol 38:118–123
Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2013) Delivering high-quality cancer care: charting a new course for a system in crisis. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC
Jatoi I, Becher H, Leake CR (2003) Widening disparity in survival between white and African-American patients with breast carcinoma treated in the US department of defense healthcare system. Cancer 98:894–899
Kahn KL, Schneider EC, Malin JL et al (2007) Patient centered experiences in breast cancer: predicting long-term adherence to tamoxifen use. Med Care 45:431–439
Kaiser Family Foundation (2010) Prescription drug trends. Kaiser Family Foundation, Washington, DC
Khatcheressian JL, Hurley P, Bantug E et al (2013) Breast cancer follow-up and management after primary treatment: American society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol 31:961–965
Li CI, Malone KE, Daling JR (2003) Differences in breast cancer stage, treatment, and survival by race and ethnicity. Arch Intern Med 163:49–56
Loren AW, Mangu PB, Beck LN et al (2013) Fertility preservation for patients with cancer: American society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol 31:2500–2510
Lund MJ, Trivers KF, Porter PL et al (2009) Race and triple negative threats to breast cancer survival: a population-based study in Atlanta, GA. Breast Cancer Res Treat 113:357–370
Magai C, Consedine NS, Adjei BA et al (2008) Psychosocial influences on suboptimal adjuvant breast cancer treatment adherence among African American women: implications for education and intervention. Health Educ Behav 35:835–854
Menashe I, Anderson WF, Jatoi I et al (2009) Underlying causes of the black-white racial disparity in breast cancer mortality: a population-based analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 101:993–1000
Mullan F (1985) Seasons of survival: reflections of a physician with cancer. N Engl J Med 313:270–273
National Institutes of Health (NIH) (2001) Consensus Development Conference statement: adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, November 1–3, 2000. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 5–15
Neugut AI, Subar M, Wilde ET et al (2011) Association between prescription co-payment amount and compliance with adjuvant hormonal therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 29:2534–2542
Neuss MN, Malin JL, Chan S et al (2013) Measuring the improving quality of outpatient care in medical oncology practices in the United States. J Clin Oncol 31:1471–1477
O’Brien KM, Cole SR, Tse CK et al (2010) Intrinsic breast tumor subtypes, race, and long-term survival in the Carolina breast cancer study. Clin Cancer Res 16:6100–6110
Paik S, Shak S, Tang G et al (2004) A multigene assay to predict recurrence of tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med 351:2817–2826
Paik S, Tang G, Shak S et al (2006) Gene expression and benefit of chemotherapy in women with node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 24:3726–3734
Paskett ED, Harrop JP, Wells KJ (2011) Patient navigation: an update on the state of the science. CA Cancer J Clin 61:237–249
Perou CM, Sorlie T, Eisen MB et al (2000) Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 406:747–752
Potosky AL, Han PK, Rowland J et al (2011) Differences between primary care physicians’ and oncologists’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the care of cancer survivors. J Gen Intern Med 26:1403–1410
Romond EH, Perez EA, Bryant J et al (2005) Trastuzumab plus adjuvant chemotherapy for operable HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 353:1673–1684
Sateren WB, Trimble EL, Abrams J et al (2002) How sociodemographics, presence of oncology specialists, and hospital cancer programs affect accrual to cancer treatment trials. J Clin Oncol 20:2109–2117
Schnipper LE, Smith TJ, Raghavan D et al (2012) American society of clinical oncology identifies five key opportunities to improve care and reduce costs: the top five list for oncology. J Clin Oncol 30:1715–1724
Shalom MM, Hahn EE, Casillas J et al (2011) Do survivorship care plans make a difference? A primary care provider perspective. J Oncol Pract 7:314–318
Shavers VL, Brown ML (2002) Racial and ethnic disparities in the receipt of cancer treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst 94:334–357
Siegel R, DeSantis C, Virgo K et al (2012) Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 62:220–241
Smith TJ, Hillner BE (2011) Bending the cost curve in cancer care. N Engl J Med 364:2060–2065
Sorlie T, Perou CM, Tibshirani R et al (2001) Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:10869–10874
Tejeda HA, Green SB, Trimble EL et al (1996) Representation of African-Americans, Hispanics, and whites in national cancer institute cancer treatment trials. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:812–816
Tevaarwerk AJ, Wisinski KB, Buhr KA et al (2014) Leveraging electronic health record systems to create and provide electronic cancer survivorship care plans: a pilot study. J Oncol Pract 10:e150–e159
Vanchieri C (2005) When will the U.S. flinch at cancer drug prices? J Natl Cancer Inst 97:624–626
Welch HG, Passow HJ (2014) Quantifying the benefits and harms of screening mammography. JAMA Intern Med 174:448–454
Wheeler SB, Reeder-Hayes KE, Carey LA (2013) Disparities in breast cancer treatment and outcomes: biological, social, and health system determinants and opportunities for research. Oncologist 18:986–993
Wyatt GE, Desmond KA, Ganz PA et al (1998) Sexual functioning and intimacy in African American and white breast cancer survivors: a descriptive study. Womens Health 4:385–405
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Breast Cancer Research Foundation
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hershman, D.L., Ganz, P.A. (2015). Quality of Care, Including Survivorship Care Plans. In: Ganz, P. (eds) Improving Outcomes for Breast Cancer Survivors. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 862. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16366-6_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16366-6_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16365-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16366-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)