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Novel Biomarkers in the Continuum of Breast Cancer pp 235–258Cite as

Circulating Tumor Cells

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((BCRF,volume 882))

Abstract

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) are shed from primary or secondary tumors. Prior studies have demonstrated that enumeration of CTC is a robust independent prognostic factor of progression free and overall survival in patients with early and metastatic breast cancer. CTC, as well as other circulating tumor markers, have the appealing advantages over tissue biopsy of (1) ease of collection, (2) serial evaluation, and (3) interrogation of the entire tumor burden instead of just a limited part of the tumor. Advances have been recently made in phenotyping and genotyping of CTC, which should provide insights into the predictive role of CTC for sensitivity or resistance to therapies. In addition, CTC phenotypic marker changes during the course of treatment may serve as pharmacodynamic monitoring tools. Therefore, CTC may be considered “liquid biopsies,” providing prognostic and predictive clinical information as well as additional understanding of tumor heterogeneity.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Celina Kleer, M.D. who provided the pathology images for Fig. 1.

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  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Health and Hospital System, 6312 Cancer Center University of Michigan, 1500 Medical Center Drive, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Costanza Paoletti M.D. & Daniel F. Hayes M.D.

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Correspondence to Daniel F. Hayes M.D. .

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  1. Johns Hopkins University, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Ctr., BALTIMORE, Maryland, USA

    Vered Stearns

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Paoletti, C., Hayes, D. (2016). Circulating Tumor Cells. In: Stearns, V. (eds) Novel Biomarkers in the Continuum of Breast Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 882. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22909-6_10

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