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The ARCO Staging System: Generation and Evolution Since 1991

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Book cover Osteonecrosis

Abstract

Various classification systems have been proposed and used to distinguish the different stages and necrotic extent of femoral head osteonecrosis.

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References

  1. Marcus ND, Enneking WF, Massam RA. The silent hip in idiopathic aseptic necrosis: treatment by bone grafting. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1973;55:1351–66.

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  2. Ficat RP, Arlet J. Functional investigation of bone under normal conditions. In: Hungerford DS, editor. Ischemia and necrosis of bone. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1980. p. 29–52.

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  3. Steinberg ME, Hayken GD, Steinberg DR. A new method for evaluation and staging of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. In: Arlet J, Ficat RP, Hungerford DS, editors. Bone circulation. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1984. p. 398–403.

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  4. Ohzono K, Saito M, Sugano N, Takaoka K, Ono K. The fate of nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head: a radiologic classification to formulate prognosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992;277:73–8.

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  6. ARCO (Association Research Circulation Osseous): Committee on Terminology and Classification. ARCO News 1992;4:41–6.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    J. W. M. Gardeniers, A. C. Gosling-Gardeniers & W. H. C. Rijnen

Authors
  1. J. W. M. Gardeniers
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  2. A. C. Gosling-Gardeniers
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  3. W. H. C. Rijnen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. W. M. Gardeniers .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Kyonggi-do, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)

    Kyung-Hoi Koo

  2. Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Michael A. Mont

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Lynne C. Jones

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Gardeniers, J.W.M., Gosling-Gardeniers, A.C., Rijnen, W.H.C. (2014). The ARCO Staging System: Generation and Evolution Since 1991. In: Koo, KH., Mont, M., Jones, L. (eds) Osteonecrosis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35767-1_28

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35767-1_28

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35766-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35767-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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