Abstract
The population pharmacokinetic parameters of chlorpromazine (CPZ) in chronic schizophrenic patients were evaluated using 189 plasma concentration measurements from 31 patients.
A NONMEM analysis demonstrated that the clearance of CPZ depended on the patient's body weight. Cigarette smoking and cannabis smoking increased the clearance of CPZ. Chronic alcohol consumption and the concurrent use of anticholinergics did not appear to influence the clearance of CPZ significantly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sramek JJ, Potkin SG, Hahn R (1988) Neuroleptic plasma concentrations and clinical response: in search of a therapeutic window. DICP 22: 373–380
Jones EE (1988) Chlorpromazine plasma level monitoring of schizophrenic patients. J Clin Pharm Ther 13: 385–387
May PRA, Van Putten T (1978) Plasma levels of chlorpromazine in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 35: 1081–1087
Cooper TB (1978) Plasma level monitoring of antipsychotic drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet 3: 14–38
Curry SH, Marshall JHL (1968) Plasma levels of chlorpromazine and some of its relatively non-polar metabolites in psychiatry patients. Life Sci 7: 9–17
Wode-Helgodt B, Borg S, Fyro B, Sedvall G (1978) Clinical effects and drug concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in psychotic patients treated with chlorpromazine. Acta Psychiatr Scand 58: 149–173
Beal SL, Sheiner B (1989) NONMEN Users Guide. 1. Users Basic Guide. Technical Report. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco
American Psychiatric Association (1980) DSM III Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edn. American Psychiatric, Washington, DC
Chetty M, Miller R (1991) Effect of storage on the plasma concentration of chlorpromazine and six of its metabolites. Ther Drug Monit 3: 350–355
Dahl SG, Strandjord RE (1977) Pharmacokinetics of chlorpromazine after single and chronic dosage. Clin Pharmacol Ther 21: 437–448
Graves NM, Ludden TM, Holmes GC, et al (1989) Pharmacokinetics of felbamate, a novel antiepileptic drug: applications of mixed effects modeling to clinical trials. Pharmacotherapy 9: 372–376
Gibalidi M, Perrier D (1982) Absorption kinetics and bioavailability. In: Swarbrick N (ed) Pharmacokinetics, 2nd ed. Dekker, New York, pp 192
Graves DA, Chang IH (1990) Applications of NONMEM to routine bioavailability, data. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 18: 145–160
Young RC (1986) Plasma Nor1 chlorpromazine concentrations: Effects of age, race and sex. Ther Drug Monit 8: 23–26
Stimmel GL, Falloon IRH (1986) Chlorpromazine plasmal levels: adverse effects and tobacco smoking. J Clin Psychiatry 44: 420–422
Pantuck EJ, Pantuck CB, Anderson KK, Conney AH (1982) Cigarette smoking and chlorpromazine disposition. Clin Pharmacol Ther 31: 533–538
Sellers EM, Bendayan R (1987) Pharmacokinetics of psychotropic drug in selected patient populations. In: Meltzer HY (ed) Psychopharmacology: the third generation of progress. Raven Press, New York, pp 1397–1406
Rivera-Calimlim L, Nasrallah H, Strauss J, Lasagna L (1976) Clinical response and plasma levels: effect of dose, dosage schedules and drug interactions. Am J Psychiatry 133: 646–652
Simpson GM, Cooper TP, Bark N, et al (1980) Effect of antiparkinsonian medication on plasma chlorpromazine levels. Arch Gen Psychiatry 37: 205–208
Rockland L, Cooper T, Schwartz E, et al (1990) Effects of trihexyphenidyl on plasma chlorpromalzine in young schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry 35: 604–607
El-Youself MK, Manier DH (1974) Estrogen effects on phenothiazine derivative blood levels. JAMA 288: 827
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chetty, M., Miller, R. & Moodley, S.V. Smoking and body weight influence the clearance of chlorpromazine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 46, 523–526 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196109
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196109