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High tie of the inferior mesenteric artery in distal colorectal resections —a safe vascular procedure

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Abstract

Division of the inferior mesenteric artery flush with the aorta (high tie) allows a tension-free anastomosis in distal colorectal resections but may also diminish the blood supply. Tissue oxygen tension was measured proximal to the resection margin before and after either low or high division of the inferior mesenteric artery in 62 patients undergoing elective colorectal resections. Oxygenation was maintained or improved when the transverse (median change after vs before resection for low tie +9 mmHg (P<0.05), high tie+8 mmHg (P=0.3)) and descending colon (low tie +7 mmHg (p<0.01), high tie +1 mmHg (p=0.67)) were used for the anastomosis but diminished for sigmoid anastomoses (low tie-4 mmHg (P=0.42), high tie-9 mmHg (P<0.05)). Change in oxygenation was significantly affected by location of proximal resection site but not by choice of high or low tie. These results suggest that the marginal artery provides a more than adequate vascular supply to the transverse and descending colon, but that the sigmoid colon is not suitable for anastomosis. We conclude that the sigmoid colon be sacrificed and there should be no hesitation in performing a high tie to avoid tension in low pelvic anastomoses.

Résumé

La section de l'artère mésentérique inférieure à ras de l'aorte permet une anastomose colo-rectale distale sans tension mais peut entraîner une diminution du débit sanguin. La tension en oxygène tissulaire a été mesurée à proximité des tranches de section distale avant et après section haute ou basse de la mésentérique inférieure chez 62 patients soumis à une résection colo-rectale élective. L'oxygénation était maintenue ou même améliorée lorsque le côlon transverse (valeur moyenne avant vs après résection pour une ligature basse +9 mmHg (P<0.05), ligature haute +8 mmHg (P<0.3) et le côlon descendant (ligature basse: +7 mmHg (P<0.01), ligature haute +1 mmHg (P<0.67) était utilisé pour confectionner l'anastomose mais l'oxygénation a été diminuée lors d'anastomose sigmoïdienne (section basse-4 mmHg (P=0.42), ligature haute-9 mmHg (P<0.05)). Des changements dans l'oxygénation tissulaire étaient significativement modifiés selon la position de la trache de section proximale mais ne l'étaient pas selon que la ligature était haute ou basse. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'artère marginale assure une vascularisation plus qu'adéquate sur le côlon transverse et le côlon descendant mais que le côlon sigmoïdien n'est pas adéquat pour une anastomose. Nous en concluons que le côlon sigmoïde doit être sacrifié et qu'il ne doit y avoir aucune hésitation à réaliser une ligature haute de la mésentérique inférieure pour réduire le risque de tension dans des anastomoses pelviennes basses.

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N.R. Hall is in receipt of an Imperial Cancer Research Fund clinical fellowship.

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Hall, N.R., Finan, P.J., Stephenson, B.M. et al. High tie of the inferior mesenteric artery in distal colorectal resections —a safe vascular procedure. Int J Colorect Dis 10, 29–32 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00337583

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