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Post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis after forearm fracture osteosynthesis

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Summary

One hundred sixty-seven forearm fractures treated with plate osteosynthesis were analyzed for synostosis occurring between the radius and the ulna. Eleven cases (6.6%) were found, in 7 of which both bones of the forearm had been fractured, while the other 4 were cases of isolated radial or ulnar fracture. Overall there were 89 cases of fracture of both bones; of the 65 cases treated utilizing the two-incision approach, cross-union was seen in only 1, while in a comparable group (12 cases) in which the fractures were stabilized using the Boyd approach, there were 5 synostoses. In 38 cases of isolated ulna fracture, only 2 synostoses were seen one associated with severe soft-tissue trauma and the other airising after treatment with a modified Boyd approach. Among 40 isolated radial fractures, 2 radioulnar synostoses occurred, one in an open fracture and the other after fixation via the Boyd approach. These results emphasize the importance of using two approaches for fractures of both forearm bones. The highest risk of postosteosynthetic synostosis appears to be in fractures of the proximal third of both radius and ulna.

Zusammenfassung

167 mit Plattenosteosynthese versorgte Unterarmschaftfrakturen wurden hinsichtlich einer Brückenkallusbildung analysiert. In 11 Fällen (6,6%) kam es zur radio-ulnaren Synostose, 7mal nach kompletter und 4mal nach isolierter Fraktur. Bei den 89 kompletten Unterarmschaftbrüchen wurden nach operaliver Versorgung über zwei Zugänge (n = 65) nur in einem Fall mit Weichteilschaden ein Bruckenkallus beobachtet. Bei einem vergleichbaren Krankengut mit Stabilisierung über den Boyd'schen Zugang trat nach radialer und ulnarer Plattenosteosynthese ein Brückenkallus in 5 von 12 Fällen auf. Isolierte Ulnafrakturen (n = 38) führten 2mal zu einer Brückenkallusbildung — einmal bei einem schweren Weichteiltrauma, im anderen Fall nach Versorgung über einen modifizierten Boyd'schen Zugang. Ebenfalls zweimal kam es bei einer isolierten Radiusfraktur (n = 40) zu einer radio-ulnaren Verbindung. In einem Fall handelte es sich um eine offene Fraktur, im anderen Fall um eine Fraktur, die über einen Boyd'schen Zugang versorgt wurde. Daher sollte zur Versorgung kompletter Unterarmschaftfrakturen —wenn immer möglich — zwei Zugänge zu Radius und Ulna gewählt wurden. Besonders gefährdet hinsichtlich der Entstehung der radio-ulnaren Synostose ist das proximale Schaftdrittel.

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Bauer, G., Arand, M. & Mutschler, W. Post-traumatic radioulnar synostosis after forearm fracture osteosynthesis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 110, 142–145 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00395796

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