Increased working capacity with hyperoxia in humans

Summary

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of oxygen-breathing on maximal oxygen uptake ($\dot V$O_2max) and submaximal endurance performance. Six young women and five men rode a cycle-ergometer while breathing compressed air (normoxia, NOX) or a 55% O₂ in N₂ mixture (hyperoxia, HOX). The$\dot V$O_2max increased significantly by 12% (P<0.01) with HOX in the women but not in the men (+4%; nonsignificant). Maximal heart rate was also increased with HOX in the women but not in the men. Endurance time during work to -exhaustion at 80% of normoxic$\dot V$O_2max was 41% longer in HOX than in NOX (P<0.025) with no significant difference between the men and the women. The variation among individuals was large. The oxygen uptake and respiratory quotient were not different in the two endurance tests, but pulmonary ventilation ($\dot V$ _E) and blood lactate concentration were lower in HOX than in NOX, especially during the latter part of the task. Plasma base deficit (BD_pi) increased initially by 3.5 mmol · l⁻¹ during HOX and then stabilized. In NOX, a continuous increase was seen and the change was more than twice as large. Relative to BD_pl,$\dot V$ _E was higher in HOX than in NOX indicating a more efficient ventilatory compensation of the metabolic acidosis. The reduced ventilatory demand and lower metabolic acidosis in HOX in combination with lower relative exercise intensity may have contributed to the longer time to exhaustion. However, the pattern of individual variation suggested that other mechanisms were also involved.