References
Ackerman, R. W. and R. Bauer: 1976,Corporate Social Responsiveness: The Modern Dilemma (Reston Publishing Co., Reston, VA).
Bowen, H. R.: 1953,Social Responsibilities of Businessmen (Harper & Row, New York).
Clegg, S. R.: 1990,Modern Organizations: Organization Studies in the Postmodern World (Sage, London).
Coleman, J.: 1990,Foundations of Social Theory (Belknap Press, Cambridge, MA).
Ethics Resource Center: 1990,Ethics Policies and Programs in American Business: Report of a Landmark Survey of U.S. Corporations (Ethics Resource Center, Washington, D.C.).
Frederick, W. C.: 1960, ‘The Growing Concern over Business Responsibility’,California Management Review 2(4), 60.
Frederick, W. C.: 1978, ‘From CSR1 to CSR2: The Maturing of Business and Society Thought’. Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Working Paper No. 279.
Frederick, W. C.: 1986, ‘Towards CSR3: Why Ethical Analysis Is Indispensable and Unavoidable in Corporate Affairs’,California Management Review 27(2), 132–133.
Freeman, R. E.: 1984,Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach (Pitman, Marshfield, MA).
Keim, G., C. Zeithaml and B. Baysinger: 1984, ‘New Directions for Corporate Political Strategy’,Sloan Management Review 25, 53–62.
Langlois, C. C. and B. B. Schlegelmilch: 1990, ‘Do Corporate Codes of Ethics Reflect National Character? Evidence from Europe and the United States’,Journal of International Business Studies, 519–539.
Lewin, A. Y. and C. U. Stephens: 1993, ‘Designing Post-Industrial Organizations: Theory and Practice’, in George P. Huber and William H. Glick (eds.),Organization Change and Redesign: Ideas and Insights for Improving Managerial Performance (Oxford University Press, New York).
Mafune, T.: 1988, ‘Corporate Social Performance and Policy in Japan’, in Lee E. Preston (ed.),Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy Vol. 10 (JAI Press, Greenwich, Ct.).
Mathews, M. C.: 1990, ‘Codes of Ethics: Organizational Behavior and Misbehavior’, in William C. Frederick and Lee E. Preston (eds.),Business Ethics: Research Issues and Empirical Studies (JAI Press, Greenwich, Ct.), pp. 99–122.
Miles, R. H.: 1987,Managing the Corporate Social Environment: A Grounded Theory (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.).
Mitnick, B. M.: 1980,The Political Economy of Regulation: Creating, Designing and Removing Regulatory Forms (Columbia University Press, New York).
Paul, K.: 1992, ‘The Impact of U.S. Sanctions of Japanese Business in South Africa: Further Developments in the Internationalization of Social Activism’,Business and Society 31(1), 51–58.
Sitkin, S. and R. Bies: ‘The Legalistic Organization: Definitions, Dimensions and Dilemmas’,Organization Science 4(3), 345–351.
Stephens, C. U.: 1993,The Design Dimensions of the Just Organization: A Neo-Weberian Ideal Type (Fuqua School of Business, Duke University), unpublished dissertation.
Wartick, S. L. and D. J. Wood: Forthcoming,International Dimensions of Business and Society (PWS-Kent, Boston).
Watanabe, K.: 1992, ‘Not Just Profits’,Look Japan, February 1992, pp. 14–15.
Weber, M.: 1978, orig. 1910,Economy and Society. G. Roth and C. Wittich trs (University of California Press, Berkeley).
Wokutch, R. E.: 1992,Worker Protection, Japanese Style (ILR Press, Ithaca, N.Y.).
Wood, D. J.: 1991, ‘Corporate Social Performance Revisited’,Academy of Management Review 16(4), 691–718.
Wood, D. J. and J. Pasquero: 1992, ‘International Business and Society’, Paper presented at the Conference on Perspectives on International Business: Theory, Research, and Institutional Arrangements. Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina, Center for International Busines Education and Research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Arie Y. Lewin is Professor of Business Administration and Sociology at Duke University. For two years (1986–1988) he was Program Director for Decision, Risk and Management Science at the National Science Foundation (NSF). Professor Lewin is the author of four books and his research articles have appeared or are forthcoming in many different journals. He was Departmental Editor ofManagement Science for the department of Organization Analysis, Performance and Design (1974–1987) and is the founding Editor in Chief of the new TIMS JournalOrganization Science.
Bart Victor is an Associate Professor of Management in the Kenan-Flager School of Business at the University of North Carolina. His current research focuses on ethical climates and their implications for individuals and organizational choice. Bart Victor received his BA in Sociology and his Ph.D.
Carroll Stephens is Assistant Professor of Management at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. She received her Ph.D. in 1993. Her research interests include organization design for value-rational goals, workplace stratification, and social science as public philosophy. She has published several book chapters and articles.
Tomoaki Sakano is a Professor of Management at the School of Commerce, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. His current research focusses on corporate governance and internal check systems in Japanese firms.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lewin, A.Y., Sakano, T., Stephens, C.U. et al. Corporate citizenship in Japan: Survey results from Japanese firms. J Bus Ethics 14, 83–101 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872014
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872014