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Health Care Access for Refugees and Immigrants with Precarious Status

Public Health and Human Right Challenges

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Abstract

Migration flux is being transformed by globalization, and the number of people with either undocumented or with a precarious status is growing in Canada. There are no epidemiological data on the health and social consequences of this situation, but clinicians working in primary care with migrants and refugees are increasingly worried about the associated morbidity. This commentary summarizes findings from a pilot study with health professionals in the Montreal area and suggests that the uninsured population predicament is a national problem. Although ethical and legal issues associated with data collection by clinicians, institutions and governments need to be examined, estimating the public health consequences and long-term cost associated with problems in access to health care due to migratory status should be a priority. Current regulations and administrative policies appear to be at odds with the principles of equal rights set out by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Beyond the commitment of individual clinicians, Canadian medical associations should take an advocacy role and scrutinize the ethical and medical implications of the present system.

Résumé

La mondialisation transforme les mouvements migratoires et le nombre de personnes sans papiers ou ayant un statut précaire augmente progressivement au Canada. Il n’y a pas de données épidémiologiques au sujet des conséquences sociales et de santé de cette situation, mais les cliniciens qui travaillent au niveau des soins de première ligne auprès des immigrants et des réfugiés sont de plus en plus préoccupés par la morbidité associée. Ce commentaire résume les résultats d’un projet pilote examinant les perceptions de professionnels de la santé de la région Montréalaise. Les résultats suggèrent que les soins de santé aux personnes non assurées sont un problème d’envergure nationale et qu’il est urgent d’estimer, en termes de santé publique, les conséquences d’un accès restreint aux soins à cause du statut migratoire, même si cette documentation soulève en elle-même des questions éthiques et légales qui doivent préalablement être examinées. Les politiques et procédures actuelles semblent être en contradiction avec certains des principes d’équité mis de l’avant par la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés et avec la Convention des Nations Unies sur les Droits de l’Enfant. Au-delà de l’engagement de cliniciens individuels, les associations médicales canadiennes doivent assumer un rôle de protection des populations vulnérables et examiner de façon attentive les questions éthiques et médicales posées par le système de soins de santé actuel.

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Correspondence to Cécile Rousseau MD.

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Acknowledgement: Dr. Lawrence Kirmayer received funding through a CIHR Training Grant.

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Rousseau, C., ter Kuile, S., Muňoz, M. et al. Health Care Access for Refugees and Immigrants with Precarious Status. Can J Public Health 99, 290–292 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403757

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403757

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