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01.03.2012 | Review

TLR4 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility

verfasst von: Mamoona Noreen, Muhammad Ali A. Shah, Sheeba Murad Mall, Shazia Choudhary, Tahir Hussain, Iltaf Ahmed, Syed Fazal Jalil, Muhammad Imran Raza

Erschienen in: Inflammation Research | Ausgabe 3/2012

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Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a central role in the regulation of the host immune system. Each TLR recognizes specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR4 is one of the well characterized pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognizes the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria, some conserved structures from fungal to mycobacterial pathogens and some endogenous ligands. A complex signaling cascade initiates after the ligand binds to the TLR4 ectodomain, leading to the activation of multiple inflammatory genes. Genetic variations greatly influence immune responses towards pathogenic challenges and disease outcome. In this review, we summarize various reports regarding TLR4 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility.

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Titel: TLR4 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility
verfasst von: Mamoona Noreen
Muhammad Ali A. Shah
Sheeba Murad Mall
Shazia Choudhary
Tahir Hussain
Iltaf Ahmed
Syed Fazal Jalil
Muhammad Imran Raza
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2012
Verlag: SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Erschienen in: Inflammation Research / Ausgabe 3/2012
Print ISSN: 1023-3830
Elektronische ISSN: 1420-908X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-011-0427-1

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TLR4 polymorphisms and disease susceptibility

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