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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 7/2011

01.07.2011 | Leitthema

Anästhesie bei bariatrischer Chirurgie

verfasst von: F.M. Konrad, K.M. Kramer, Prof. Dr. T.H. Schroeder, K. Stubbig

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 7/2011

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Zusammenfassung

Adipositas wird mittlerweile als eigenständige Krankheit anerkannt. Die World Health Organization (WHO) spricht von einer weltweiten Epidemie. Folgeerkrankungen betreffen alle Organsysteme. Bariatrische Operationen führen bereits frühzeitig nach der Durchführung zu einer Verbesserung oder gar Remission der adipositasassoziierten Komorbiditäten. Bei bariatrischen Operationen wird zwischen restriktiven, das Magenvolumen verkleinernden Verfahren, malabsorptiven und gemischten Verfahren differenziert. Die präoperative anästhesiologische Evaluation der Begleiterkrankungen erfolgt mit besonderem Augenmerk auf bestehende Herz- und Lungenfunktionseinschränkungen (z. B. Kardiomyopathien, obstruktive Ventilationsstörungen). Bei extrem adipösen Patienten besteht erhöhte Aspirationsgefahr. Die Narkoseeinleitung kann konventionell, bei zusätzlichen Risikofaktoren fiberoptisch oder als „rapid sequence induction“ erfolgen. Die Pharmakokinetik aller eingesetzten Substanzen ist im Vergleich zum normalgewichtigen Patienten stark verändert. Postoperative Thromboembolien stellen das höchste Letalitätsrisiko dar; deshalb muss eine suffiziente medikamentöse und nichtmedikamentöse Thromboseprophylaxe erfolgen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Anästhesie bei bariatrischer Chirurgie
verfasst von
F.M. Konrad
K.M. Kramer
Prof. Dr. T.H. Schroeder
K. Stubbig
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 7/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-011-1922-z

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