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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 11/2015

01.11.2015 | Originalien

„Hämoglobinorientierter und gerinnungsfaktorbasierter Algorithmus“

Effekt auf Transfusionsbedarf und standardisierte Mortalitätsrate bei massivtransfusionspflichtigen Traumapatienten

verfasst von: Dr. P. Hilbert-Carius, (D.E.A.A.), G. Hofmann, Prof. Dr. Dr., R. Stuttmann, PD Dr.

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 11/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Blutungen sind eine der häufigsten vermeidbaren Todesursachen beim Trauma, die durch eine adäquate chirurgische Blutstillung, frühzeitige und ausreichende Gerinnungstherapie behandelt werden können.

Fragestellung

Konnten durch die Einführung einer frühen Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), die sich auf Gerinnungsfaktoren stützt und am im Schockraum bestimmten Hämoglobingehalt (SR-Hb) orientiert, eine Reduktion der standardisierten Mortalitätsrate (SMR, beobachtete Letalität: prognostizierte Letalität) und eine Reduktion des Transfusionsbedarfs bei Massivtransfusion(MT)-pflichtigen Traumapatienten erreicht werden?

Methode

Retrospektive, monozentrische Untersuchung an einem überregionalen Traumazentrum mithilfe eines „Vorher-Nachher“-Vergleichs im Zeitraum 2005–2014. Verglichen wurden die Kohorte der MT-pflichtigen Patienten vor Einführung einer „Gerinnung-SOP“ (Gruppe 1) und die Kohorte danach (Gruppe 2).

Ergebnisse

Von 952 versorgten Patienten benötigten 86 (9%) eine MT. Dabei entfielen 45 Patienten auf die Gruppe 1 und 41 Patienten auf die Gruppe 2. Beide Gruppen waren hinsichtlich Verletzungsschwere, im Schockraum erhobener Hämostaseparameter und Geschlechtsverteilung nahezu ähnlich. Jedoch zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede in der Thrombozytenzahl bei Schockraumaufnahme (159 Gpt/l in Gruppe 1 vs. 124 Gpt/l in Gruppe 2) und in der nach Revised Injury Severity Classification (RISC) prognostizierten Letalität (46,5 % in Gruppe 1 vs. 65,3 % in Gruppe 2). Die SMR sank von 0,95 in Gruppe 1 auf 0,72 in Gruppe 2. Der Transfusionsbedarf an Erythrozyten in Gruppe 2 war signifikant niedriger, und wesentliche Hämostaseparameter bei Intensivaufnahme waren signifikant besser. Gruppe 2 erhielt signifikant häufiger gerinnungsaktive Substanzen.

Schlussfolgerung

Ein frühes, auf Gerinnungsfaktoren gestütztes standardisiertes Vorgehen in Form einer SOP führt zu einer signifikanten Reduktion des Transfusionsbedarfs an Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) und zu einem Trend, die SMR bei MT-pflichtigen Traumapatienten zu reduzieren.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Hämoglobinorientierter und gerinnungsfaktorbasierter Algorithmus“
Effekt auf Transfusionsbedarf und standardisierte Mortalitätsrate bei massivtransfusionspflichtigen Traumapatienten
verfasst von
Dr. P. Hilbert-Carius, (D.E.A.A.)
G. Hofmann, Prof. Dr. Dr.
R. Stuttmann, PD Dr.
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 11/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-015-0093-8

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