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Erschienen in: Der Hautarzt 9/2004

01.09.2004 | Leitthema

Varizella-zoster-Virusinfektion

verfasst von: Dr. H. M. Lilie, S. W. Wassilew

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 9/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Die Primärinfektion durch das Varizella-zoster-Virus (VZV) manifestiert sich als Varizellen. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine häufige, hoch kontagiöse Erkrankung vorwiegend des Kindesalters. Das VZV kommt ubiquitär vor und weist eine hohe Prävalenz auf. Das klinische Erscheinungsbild zeigt pleomorphe Effloreszenzen. Eine antivirale Therapie ist nur bei schweren Verläufen, Erwachsenen oder bei immunsupprimierten Patienten erforderlich. Die Varizelleninfektion ist Voraussetzung für die spätere Entwicklung eines Herpes zoster. Der Herpes zoster, ebenfalls durch das Varizella-zoster-Virus hervorgerufen, ist eine neurodermale Krankheit, die als endogenes Rezidiv der Primärinfektion (Varizellen) definiert wird. Klinisch finden sich segmental angeordnete Effloreszenzen in den sensiblen Innervationsgebieten eines Hirn- oder Spinalnerven. Eine der gefürchtetsten Manifestationen des Herpes zoster ist der Schmerz. Zur Behandlung stehen verschiedene antivirale Substanzen zur Verfügung. Eine frühzeitig begonnene Therapie reduziert das Risiko und die Dauer der postherpetischen Neuralgien signifikant. Deshalb sollte die antivirale Therapie in Kombination mit einer adäquaten Schmerztherapie so früh wie möglich begonnen werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Varizella-zoster-Virusinfektion
verfasst von
Dr. H. M. Lilie
S. W. Wassilew
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2004
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 9/2004
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-004-0789-1

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