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Erschienen in: HNO 5/2017

04.11.2016 | Vestibularisschwannom | Leitthema

Intraoperatives Monitoring des N. cochlearis bei Eingriffen im Kleinhirnbrückenwinkel

verfasst von: Dr. S. Rampp, T. Rahne, S. K. Plontke, C. Strauss, J. Prell

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 5/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Bei Eingriffen im Kleinhirnbrückenwinkel (KHBW), z. B. zur operativen Therapie eines Vestibularisschwannoms, besteht das Risko der Schädigung des N. cochlearis. Als Folge können Hörminderungen bis zur Taubheit auftreten, mit wesentlicher Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität. Methoden zur intraoperativen Funktionsüberwachung können Risiken minimieren.

Fragestellung

Ziel war ein Überblick über aktuelle Methoden zur intraoperativen Überwachung des N. cochlearis sowie die Zusammenfassung neuerer Entwicklungen.

Material und Methoden

Es erfolgte die Auswertung und Zusammenfassung der Literatur und die Diskussion neuer Methoden.

Ergebnisse

Die frühen akustisch evozierten Potenziale (FAEP) mittels Klickreizen stellen nach wie vor die Standardmethode zur intraoperativen Funktionsüberwachung des N. cochlearis dar. Amplituden- und Latenzveränderungen der FAEP weisen auf das Risiko einer postoperativen Hörminderung hin, erlauben jedoch nur eingeschränkt eine weitere Differenzierung der postoperativen Hörqualität. Als neuere Methoden könnten Nahfeldableitungen eine schnellere Rückmeldung, Auditory Steady State Responses eine frequenzspezifische Testung ermöglichen.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die intraoperative Funktionsüberwachung des N. cochlearis ist ein integraler Bestandteil der KHBW-Chirurgie. Sie ermöglicht die Erkennung potenzieller Nervenschädigungen und trägt so zur Vermeidung postoperativer funktioneller Defizite bei. Die Entwicklung und Implementierung neuer und zusätzlicher Verfahren könnten den klinischen Nutzen weiter verbessern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Intraoperatives Monitoring des N. cochlearis bei Eingriffen im Kleinhirnbrückenwinkel
verfasst von
Dr. S. Rampp
T. Rahne
S. K. Plontke
C. Strauss
J. Prell
Publikationsdatum
04.11.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 5/2017
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0262-3

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