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Erschienen in: Der Internist 1/2004

01.01.2004 | Schwerpunkt: Gallenwegserkrankungen

Primär biliäre Leberzirrhose und Overlap-Syndrome

Diagnostik und Therapie

verfasst von: Priv.-Doz. Dr. C. P. Strassburg, M. P. Manns

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 1/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Die primär biliäre Zirrhose (PBC) ist eine chronisch cholestatische Lebererkrankung unklarer Ätiologie. Ihre Bevorzugung des weiblichen Geschlechts, das Auftreten von extrahepatischen Immunsyndromen, die Immunglobulinerhöhung, eine immungenetische Assoziation mit HLA-DR8 sowie der Nachweis von Autoantikörpern machen eine autoimmune Genese wahrscheinlich. Die Diagnose erfolgt bei Erhöhung von alkalischer Phosphatase, γ-Glutamyltransferase und Bilirubin bei sonographisch unauffälligen Gallenwegen durch den Nachweis spezifischer antimitochondrialer Antikörper. Zusätzlich haben 50% der PBC-Patienten spezifische antinukleäre Antikörper. Eine immunsuppressive Therapie mit Steroiden, Transplantationsimmunsuppressiva, Colchizin, d-Penicillamin und Methotrexat zeigt wenig therapeutischen Nutzen. Die Ursodeoxycholsäure ist nebenwirkungsarm und führt in den meisten Fällen zum biochemischen Ansprechen und zur Progressionsverzögerung. Bei Wirkungslosigkeit ist oft ein Overlap-Syndrom mit der Autoimmunhepatitis vorhanden, das auf Steroide ansprechen kann. Einzig kurative Option ist die Lebertransplantation, die bei Bilirubinerhöhungen >100 µmol/l erwogen werden muss.
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Metadaten
Titel
Primär biliäre Leberzirrhose und Overlap-Syndrome
Diagnostik und Therapie
verfasst von
Priv.-Doz. Dr. C. P. Strassburg
M. P. Manns
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2004
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 1/2004
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-003-1127-x

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