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Erschienen in: Der Unfallchirurg 7/2014

01.07.2014 | CME Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Das akute Kompartmentsyndrom der Extremitäten

Diagnostik und Behandlungsmanagement

verfasst von: Dr. R.M. Sellei, F. Hildebrand, H.-C. Pape

Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie | Ausgabe 7/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Das Kompartmentsyndrom der Extremitäten stellt eine schwere Komplikation nach Trauma, Reperfusions- und Lagerungsschäden dar. Durch eine Druckerhöhung innerhalb einer Muskelloge kommt es, bedingt durch eine andauernde Minderperfusion des Gewebes, zur neuromuskulären Zellschädigung. Großvolumigere Nekrosen gefährden die Extremität, postischämische oder infektiöse Komplikationen können eine vitale Bedrohung darstellen. Die Diagnose des akuten Kompartmentsyndroms wird v. a. klinisch gestellt. Bei Patienten mit gestörtem Bewusstsein oder in Grenzfällen eines drohenden Kompartmentsyndroms ist die apparative Diagnostik (v. a. Logendruckmessung) ein wichtiges und unerlässliches Hilfsmittel. Die Therapie besteht in der Dermatofasziotomie und sekundärer Wundbehandlung. Der sekundäre Wundverschluss erfolgt nach Tagen und in Abhängigkeit des klinischen Verlaufs. Um Folgeschäden zu minimieren, ist das zeitliche Management ab Behandlungsbeginn entscheidend. Im klinischen Alltag sind Behandlungsalgorithmen hilfreich, v. a. hinsichtlich forensischer Implikationen.
Fußnoten
1
Das entspricht 666,61 Pa. Im Folgenden wird auf die Umrechnung in die SI-Einheit Pascal verzichtet.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Das akute Kompartmentsyndrom der Extremitäten
Diagnostik und Behandlungsmanagement
verfasst von
Dr. R.M. Sellei
F. Hildebrand
H.-C. Pape
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Unfallchirurgie / Ausgabe 7/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7021
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-703X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-014-2610-7

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