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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 10/2006

01.10.2006 | Übersichten

Genetik der Migräne

verfasst von: PD Dr. T. Freilinger, M. Dichgans

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 10/2006

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Zusammenfassung

Zwillings- und Familienstudien belegen die Bedeutung genetischer Faktoren für die Migräne, insbesondere die Migräne mit Aura (MA). Für die familiäre hemiplegische Migräne (FHM), eine seltene monogene Unterform der MA, konnten mittlerweile drei ursächliche Gene identifiziert werden: CACNA1A auf Chromosom 19p13 (FHM1), ATP1A2 auf Chromosom 1q21-23 (FHM2) sowie SCN1A auf Chromosom 2q24 (FHM3). Bei einem Teil der Patienten mit sporadischer hemiplegischer Migräne finden sich ebenfalls Mutationen in den genannten Genen. In Familien mit nichthemiplegischer Migräne konnten durch genomweite Kopplungsanalysen mehrere X-chromosomale und autosomale Genloci für die Migräne mit bzw. ohne Aura kartiert werden. Die verantwortlichen Gene sind allerdings noch nicht bekannt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick zum aktuellen Stand der Migränegenetik und zur molekularen Diagnostik. Die Bedeutung von CACNA1A, ATP1A2 und SCN1A für die Pathophysiologie der „cortical spreading depression“, des wahrscheinlichen Korrelats der Migräneaura, wird diskutiert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Genetik der Migräne
verfasst von
PD Dr. T. Freilinger
M. Dichgans
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2006
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 10/2006
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-006-2134-7

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