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Diabetologia

Erschienen in:

01.07.2007 | Article

Acute nutrient regulation of the unfolded protein response and integrated stress response in cultured rat pancreatic islets

verfasst von: H. Elouil, M. Bensellam, Y. Guiot, D. Vander Mierde, S. M. A. Pascal, F. C. Schuit, J. C. Jonas

Erschienen in: Diabetologia | Ausgabe 7/2007

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Inadequate chaperone function relative to client protein load in the endoplasmic reticulum triggers an adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR), including the integrated stress response (ISR), the latter being also activated by other types of stresses. It is well established that pancreatic beta cells, which synthesise and secrete insulin upon nutrient stimulation, are markedly affected by pathological disruption or excessive activation of the UPR. However, whether and how physiological nutrient stimulation affects the beta cell UPR has been little investigated.

Materials and methods

We compared the effects of increasing glucose concentrations and of endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ emptying with thapsigargin on the UPR (X-box binding protein [Xbp1] mRNA splicing and XBP1/activating transcription factor [ATF] 6-target gene expression) and ISR (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A phosphorylation, ATF4 protein levels and target gene expression) in isolated rat islets.

Results

Thapsigargin strongly increased both UPR and ISR. In comparison, glucose moderately increased the UPR between 5 and 30 mmol/l, but exerted complex effects on the ISR as follows: (1) marked reduction between 2 and 10 mmol/l; (2) moderate increase parallel to the UPR between 10 and 30 mmol/l. These glucose effects occurred within 2 h, were mimicked by other metabolic substrates, but were independent of changes in Ca²⁺ influx or insulin secretion. Remarkably, attenuating the glucose stimulation of protein synthesis with a low concentration of cycloheximide prevented UPR activation but not ISR reduction by high glucose.

Conclusions/interpretation

Nutrient stimulation acutely activates rat islet UPR in a manner dependent on protein synthesis, while exerting complex effects on the ISR. These effects may contribute to nutrient-induced maintenance of the beta cell phenotype.

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Titel: Acute nutrient regulation of the unfolded protein response and integrated stress response in cultured rat pancreatic islets
verfasst von: H. Elouil
M. Bensellam
Y. Guiot
D. Vander Mierde
S. M. A. Pascal
F. C. Schuit
J. C. Jonas
Publikationsdatum: 01.07.2007
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Diabetologia / Ausgabe 7/2007
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0674-4

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Acute nutrient regulation of the unfolded protein response and integrated stress response in cultured rat pancreatic islets

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions/interpretation

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Materials and methods

Results

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