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Intensive Care Medicine

Erschienen in:

01.07.2008 | Review

Understanding organ dysfunction in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

verfasst von: Caroline Créput, Lionel Galicier, Sophie Buyse, Elie Azoulay

Erschienen in: Intensive Care Medicine | Ausgabe 7/2008

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Abstract

Objective

This review aims to help critical care clinicians maintain a high level of suspicion regarding the diagnosis of Hemophagocytic Histiolymphocytosis (HLH). It describes the clinical and laboratory features of HLH, outlines its pathophysiology and reviews the most frequent etiologies related to HLH. Prognostic factors and therapeutic options are also reported.

Data sources

Review of the literature.

Results

The diagnosis of HLH relies on the association of clinical abnormalities and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow, spleen, or lymph node specimens. Liver, pulmonary, renal, cardiac and skin involvement may occur at various degrees possibly leading to multiple organ failure. Three main etiologies can be found, namely infections, lymphoproliferative diseases, or connective tissue diseases. Immune deficiency is often retrieved. Mortality can be as high as 50%. Although clinically mimicking severe sepsis, HLH has a distinct pathophysiology on which specific therapy is based. Early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory to increase the chances of survival.

Conclusion

The comprehensive management of severe HLH requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary team in order to determine the best therapeutic strategy and to identify the underlying cause.

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Titel: Understanding organ dysfunction in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
verfasst von: Caroline Créput
Lionel Galicier
Sophie Buyse
Elie Azoulay
Publikationsdatum: 01.07.2008
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Intensive Care Medicine / Ausgabe 7/2008
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-008-1111-y

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Understanding organ dysfunction in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

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Conclusion

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