Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International 10/2013

01.10.2013 | Original Article

Correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and latitude in Brazilian postmenopausal women: from the Arzoxifene Generations Trial

verfasst von: H. P. Arantes, C. A. M. Kulak, C. E. Fernandes, C. Zerbini, F. Bandeira, I. C. Barbosa, J. C. T. Brenol, L. A. Russo, V. C. Borba, A. Y. Chiang, J. P. Bilezikian, M. Lazaretti-Castro

Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International | Ausgabe 10/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Summary

We investigated vitamin D status in Brazilian cities located at different latitudes. Insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) was common (17 %), even in those living in a tropical climate. Vitamin D insufficiency increased as a function of latitude. Mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in each site and latitude correlation were very high (r = −0.88; p < 0.0001).

Introduction

Inadequate vitamin D, determined by low levels of 25(OH)D, has become very common despite the availability of sunlight at some latitudes. National data from a country that spans a wide range of latitudes would help to determine to what extent latitude or other factors are responsible for vitamin D deficiency. We investigated vitamin D status in cities located at different latitudes in Brazil, a large continental country.

Methods

The source is the Brazilian database from the Generations Trial (1,933 osteopenic or osteoporotic postmenopausal women (60 to 85 years old) with 25(OH)D measurements). 25(OH)D below 25 nmol/L (10 ng/mL) was an exclusion criterion. Baseline values were between fall and winter. The sites included Recife, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Curitiba, and Porto Alegre. Mean and standard deviation of 25(OH)D, age, spine and femoral neck T-score, calcium, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase were calculated for each city. Pearson correlation was used for 25(OH)D and latitude.

Results

Insufficiency (<50 or <20 ng/mL) was common (329 subjects, 17 %). Vitamin D insufficiency increased as a function of latitude, reaching 24.5 % in the southernmost city, Porto Alegre. The correlation between mean 25(OH)D levels in each site and latitude was very high (r = −0.88, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

There is a high percentage of individuals with vitamin D insufficiency in Brazil, even in cities near the equator, and this percentage progressively increases with more southern latitudes.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Haussler MR, Whitfield GK, Haussler CA, Hsieh JC, Thompson PD, Selznick SH, Dominguez CE, Jurutka PW (1998) The nuclear vitamin D receptor: biological and molecular regulatory properties revealed. J Bone Miner Res 13:325–349PubMedCrossRef Haussler MR, Whitfield GK, Haussler CA, Hsieh JC, Thompson PD, Selznick SH, Dominguez CE, Jurutka PW (1998) The nuclear vitamin D receptor: biological and molecular regulatory properties revealed. J Bone Miner Res 13:325–349PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Stoffels K, Overbergh L, Giulietti A, Verlinden L, Bouillon R, Mathieu C (2006) Immune regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-1alpha-hydroxylase in human monocytes. J Bone Miner Res 21:37–47PubMedCrossRef Stoffels K, Overbergh L, Giulietti A, Verlinden L, Bouillon R, Mathieu C (2006) Immune regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-1alpha-hydroxylase in human monocytes. J Bone Miner Res 21:37–47PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF (1988) Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:373–378PubMedCrossRef Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF (1988) Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:373–378PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Holick MF, Chen TC, Lu Z, Sauter E (2007) Vitamin D and skin physiology: a D-lightful story. J Bone Miner Res 22(Suppl 2):V28–V33PubMedCrossRef Holick MF, Chen TC, Lu Z, Sauter E (2007) Vitamin D and skin physiology: a D-lightful story. J Bone Miner Res 22(Suppl 2):V28–V33PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Ladizesky M, Lu Z, Oliveri B, San Roman N, Diaz S, Holick MF, Mautalen C (1995) Solar ultraviolet B radiation and photoproduction of vitamin D3 in central and southern areas of Argentina. J Bone Miner Res 10:545–549PubMedCrossRef Ladizesky M, Lu Z, Oliveri B, San Roman N, Diaz S, Holick MF, Mautalen C (1995) Solar ultraviolet B radiation and photoproduction of vitamin D3 in central and southern areas of Argentina. J Bone Miner Res 10:545–549PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Holick MF (1995) Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 61(3 Suppl):638S–645SPubMed Holick MF (1995) Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 61(3 Suppl):638S–645SPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Matsuoka LY, Ide L, Wortsman J, MacLaughlin J, Holick MF (1987) Sunscreens suppress cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 64:1165–1168PubMedCrossRef Matsuoka LY, Ide L, Wortsman J, MacLaughlin J, Holick MF (1987) Sunscreens suppress cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 64:1165–1168PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Cummings SR, McClung M, Reginster JY, Cox D, Mitlak B, Stock J, Amewou-Atisso M, Powles T, Miller P, Zanchetta J, Christiansen C (2011) Arzoxifene for prevention of fractures and invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 26:397–404PubMedCrossRef Cummings SR, McClung M, Reginster JY, Cox D, Mitlak B, Stock J, Amewou-Atisso M, Powles T, Miller P, Zanchetta J, Christiansen C (2011) Arzoxifene for prevention of fractures and invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 26:397–404PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Institute of Medicine (2011) Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. The National Academies Press, Washington Institute of Medicine (2011) Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. The National Academies Press, Washington
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, Murad MH, Weaver CM, Endocrine Society (2011) Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:1911–1930PubMedCrossRef Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP, Murad MH, Weaver CM, Endocrine Society (2011) Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:1911–1930PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Holick MF, Siris ES, Binkley N, Beard MK, Khan A, Katzer JT, Petruschke RA, Chen E, de Papp AE (2005) Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy among postmenopausal North American women receiving osteoporosis therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:3215–3224PubMedCrossRef Holick MF, Siris ES, Binkley N, Beard MK, Khan A, Katzer JT, Petruschke RA, Chen E, de Papp AE (2005) Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy among postmenopausal North American women receiving osteoporosis therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:3215–3224PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Lips P, Duong T, Oleksik A, Black D, Cummings S, Cox D, Nickelsen T (2001) A global study of vitamin D status and parathyroid function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: baseline data from the multiple outcomes of raloxifene evaluation clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:1212–1221PubMedCrossRef Lips P, Duong T, Oleksik A, Black D, Cummings S, Cox D, Nickelsen T (2001) A global study of vitamin D status and parathyroid function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: baseline data from the multiple outcomes of raloxifene evaluation clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:1212–1221PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirchhoff VWJH, Echer E, Leme NP, Silva AA (2000) A Variação Sazonal da Radiação Ultravioleta Solar Biologicamente Ativa. Braz J Geophys 18:64–74 Kirchhoff VWJH, Echer E, Leme NP, Silva AA (2000) A Variação Sazonal da Radiação Ultravioleta Solar Biologicamente Ativa. Braz J Geophys 18:64–74
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Haddad JG, Kolm P, Hollis BW (1991) Racial pigmentation and the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D. Arch Dermatol 127:536–538PubMedCrossRef Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Haddad JG, Kolm P, Hollis BW (1991) Racial pigmentation and the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D. Arch Dermatol 127:536–538PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lund B, Sorensen DH (1979) Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum and its relation to sunshine, age and vitamin D intake in the Danish population. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 39:23–30PubMedCrossRef Lund B, Sorensen DH (1979) Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum and its relation to sunshine, age and vitamin D intake in the Danish population. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 39:23–30PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Pinheiro MM, Schuch NJ, Genaro PS, Ciconelli RM, Ferraz MB, Martini LA (2009) Nutrient intakes related to osteoporotic fractures in men and women—the Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS). Nutr J 8:6PubMedCrossRef Pinheiro MM, Schuch NJ, Genaro PS, Ciconelli RM, Ferraz MB, Martini LA (2009) Nutrient intakes related to osteoporotic fractures in men and women—the Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS). Nutr J 8:6PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Institute of Medicine (1997) Dietary references intakes. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. National Academy Press, Washington Institute of Medicine (1997) Dietary references intakes. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. National Academy Press, Washington
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Vimaleswaran KS, Berry DJ, Lu C, Tikkanen E, Pilz S, Hiraki LT, Cooper JD, Dastani Z, Li R, Houston DK, Wood AR, Michaëlsson K, Vandenput L, Zgaga L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Kaakinen M, Kleber ME, Jameson K, Arden N, Raitakari O, Viikari J, Lohman KK, Ferrucci L, Melhus H, Ingelsson E, Byberg L, Lind L, Lorentzon M, Salomaa V, Campbell H, Dunlop M, Mitchell BD, Herzig KH, Pouta A, Hartikainen AL, Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium, Streeten EA, Theodoratou E, Jula A, Wareham NJ, Ohlsson C, Frayling TM, Kritchevsky SB, Spector TD, Richards JB, Lehtimäki T, Ouwehand WH, Kraft P, Cooper C, März W, Power C, Loos RJ, Wang TJ, Järvelin MR, Whittaker JC, Hingorani AD, Hyppönen E (2013) Causal relationship between obesity and vitamin D status: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple cohorts. PLoS Med 10(2):e1001383PubMedCrossRef Vimaleswaran KS, Berry DJ, Lu C, Tikkanen E, Pilz S, Hiraki LT, Cooper JD, Dastani Z, Li R, Houston DK, Wood AR, Michaëlsson K, Vandenput L, Zgaga L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Kaakinen M, Kleber ME, Jameson K, Arden N, Raitakari O, Viikari J, Lohman KK, Ferrucci L, Melhus H, Ingelsson E, Byberg L, Lind L, Lorentzon M, Salomaa V, Campbell H, Dunlop M, Mitchell BD, Herzig KH, Pouta A, Hartikainen AL, Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium, Streeten EA, Theodoratou E, Jula A, Wareham NJ, Ohlsson C, Frayling TM, Kritchevsky SB, Spector TD, Richards JB, Lehtimäki T, Ouwehand WH, Kraft P, Cooper C, März W, Power C, Loos RJ, Wang TJ, Järvelin MR, Whittaker JC, Hingorani AD, Hyppönen E (2013) Causal relationship between obesity and vitamin D status: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple cohorts. PLoS Med 10(2):e1001383PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuchuk NO, van Schoor NM, Pluijm SM, Chines A, Lips P (2009) Vitamin D status, parathyroid function, bone turnover, and BMD in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: global perspective. J Bone Miner Res 24(4):693–701PubMedCrossRef Kuchuk NO, van Schoor NM, Pluijm SM, Chines A, Lips P (2009) Vitamin D status, parathyroid function, bone turnover, and BMD in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: global perspective. J Bone Miner Res 24(4):693–701PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and latitude in Brazilian postmenopausal women: from the Arzoxifene Generations Trial
verfasst von
H. P. Arantes
C. A. M. Kulak
C. E. Fernandes
C. Zerbini
F. Bandeira
I. C. Barbosa
J. C. T. Brenol
L. A. Russo
V. C. Borba
A. Y. Chiang
J. P. Bilezikian
M. Lazaretti-Castro
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2013
Verlag
Springer London
Erschienen in
Osteoporosis International / Ausgabe 10/2013
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-013-2366-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2013

Osteoporosis International 10/2013 Zur Ausgabe

Arthropedia

Grundlagenwissen der Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie. Erweitert durch Fallbeispiele, Videos und Abbildungen. 
» Jetzt entdecken

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.