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A new molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction of cotinine from urine samples by solid-phase extraction

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Abstract

Cotinine, the main metabolite of nicotine in human body, is widely used as a biomarker for assessment of direct or passive exposure to tobacco smoke. A method for molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) of cotinine from human urine has been investigated. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with good selectivity and affinity for cotinine was synthesized using cotinine as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker. The imprinted polymer was evaluated for use as a SPE sorbent, in tests with aqueous standards, by comparing recovery data obtained using the imprinted form of the polymer and a non-imprinted form (NIP). Extraction from the aqueous solutions resulted in more than 80% recovery. A range of linearity for cotinine between 0.05 and 5 μg mL−1 was obtained by loading 1 mL blank urine samples spiked with cotinine at different concentrations in acetate buffer of pH 9.0, and by using double basic washing and acidic elution. The intra-day coefficient of variation (CV) was below 7% and inter-day CV was below 10%. This investigation has provided a reliable MISPE–HPLC method for determination of cotinine in human urine from both active smokers and passive smokers.

 

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Acknowledgements

This research work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20405013) and the Scientific Foundation of State Tobacco Monopoly Administration of China (No. 110200302026).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, People’s Republic of China

    Jun Yang, Yan Hu, Ji-Bao Cai & Qing-De Su

  2. Research Center of Tobacco and Health, University of Science and Technology of China, 230052, Hefei, People’s Republic of China

    Xiao-Lan Zhu

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  1. Jun Yang
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  2. Yan Hu
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  3. Ji-Bao Cai
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  4. Xiao-Lan Zhu
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Correspondence to Qing-De Su.

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Yang, J., Hu, Y., Cai, JB. et al. A new molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction of cotinine from urine samples by solid-phase extraction. Anal Bioanal Chem 384, 761–768 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-005-0221-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-005-0221-4

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