Abstract
Recent developments in chromatographic supports and instrumentation for liquid chromatography (LC) are enabling rapid and highly efficient separations. Various analytical strategies have been proposed, for example the use of silica-based monolithic supports, elevated mobile phase temperatures, and columns packed with sub-3 μm superficially porous particles (fused core) or with sub-2 μm porous particles for use in ultra-high-pressure LC (UHPLC). The purpose of this review is to describe and compare these approaches in terms of throughput and resolving power, using kinetic data gathered for compounds with molecular weights ranging between 200 and 1300 g mol−1 in isocratic and gradient modes. This study demonstrates that the best analytical strategy should be selected on the basis of the analytical problem (e.g., isocratic vs. gradient, throughput vs. efficiency) and the properties of the analyte. UHPLC and fused-core technologies are quite promising for small-molecular-weight compounds, but increasing the mobile phase temperature is useful for larger molecules, for example peptides.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Guillarme D, Nguyen DTT, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2007) J Chromatogr A 1149:20–29
Novakova L, Solichova D, Solich P (2006) J Sep Sci 29:2433–2443
Wren SAC, Tchelitcheff P (2006) J Chromatogr A 1119:140–146
Al-Sayah MA, Rizos P, Antonucci V, Wu N (2008) J Sep Sci 31:2167–2172
Grata E, Boccard J, Guillarme D, Glauser G, Carrupt PA, Farmer EE, Wolfender JL, Rudaz S (2008) J Chromatogr B 871:261–270
Petricoin EF, Liotta LA (2004) Trends Mol Med 10:59–64
Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2009) Spectra Anal 38:12–17
Hjerten S, Liao JL, Zhang R (1989) J Chromatogr 473:273–275
Svec F, Frechet JMJ (1992) Anal Chem 64:820–822
Minakuchi H, Nakanishi K, Soga N, Ishizuka N, Tanaka N (1996) Anal Chem 68:3498–3501
Randon J, Huguet S, Piram A, Puy G, Demesmay C, Rocca JL (2006) J Chromatogr A 1109:19–25
Liang C, Dai S, Guiochon G (2003) Anal Chem 75:4904–4912
Randon J, Guerrin JF, Rocca JL (2008) J Chromatogr A 1214:183–186
Svec F (2004) J Sep Sci 27:1419–1430
Krenkova J, Svec F (2009) J Sep Sci 32:706–718
Bakry R, Huck CW, Bonn GK (2009) J Chromatogr Sci 47:418–431
Smith NW, Jiang Z (2008) J Chromatogr A 1184:416–440
Cabrera K (2004) J Sep Sci 27:843–852
Leinweber FC, Tallarek U (2003) J Chromatogr A 1006:207–228
Van Nederkassel AM, Aerts A, Dierick A, Massart DL, Van Der Heyden Y (2003) J Pharm Biomed Anal 32:233–249
Miyamoto K, Hara T, Kobayashi H, Morisaka H, Tokuda D, Horie K, Koduki K, Makino S, Nunez O, Yang C, Kawabe T, Ikegami T, Takubo H, Ishihama Y, Tanaka N (2008) Anal Chem 80:8741–8750
Majors RE (2008) LC-GC N Am 26:676–691
Brice RW, Zhang X, Colon LA (2009) J Sep Sci 32:2723–2731
Heinisch S, Rocca JL (2009) J Chromatogr A 121:6642–6658
Li J, Hu Y, Carr PW (1997) Anal Chem 69:3884–3888
Guillarme D, Russo R, Rudaz S, Bicchi C, Veuthey JL (2007) Curr Pharm Anal 4:221–229
Guillarme D, Heinisch S, Rocca JL (2004) J Chromatogr A 1052:39–51
Lestremau F, De villiers A, Lynen F, Cooper A, Szucs R, Sandra P (2007) J Chromatogr A 1138:120–131
Guillarme D, Heinisch S (2005) Sep Purif Rev 34:181–216
Hartonen K, Riekkola ML (2008) Trends Anal Chem 27:1–14
Fields SM, Ye CQ, Zhang DD, Branch BR, Zhang XJ, Okafo N (2001) J Chromatogr A 913:197–204
Guillarme D, Heinisch S, Gauvrit JY, Lanteri P, Rocca JL (2005) J Chromatogr A 1078:22–27
Godin JP, Hopfgartner G, Fay L (2008) Anal Chem 80:7144–7152
Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Schelling C, Dreux M, Veuthey JL (2008) J Chromatogr A 1192:103–112
Godin JP, Hopfgartner G, Fay L (2008) Anal Chem 80:7144–7152
Heinisch S, Puy G, Barrioulet MP, Rocca JL (2006) J Chromatogr A 1118:234–243
Albert M, Cretier G, Guillarme D, Heinisch S, Rocca JL (2005) J Sep Sci 28:1803–1811
McNeff CV, Yan B, Stoll DR, Henry RA (2007) J Sep Sci 30:1672–1685
Teutenberg T, Tuerk J, Holzhauser M, Giegold S (2007) J Sep Sci 30:1101–1114
Thompson JD, Brown JS, Carr PW (2001) Anal Chem 73:3340–3347
Thompson JD, Carr PW (2002) Anal Chem 74:1017–1023
Knox JH (1977) J Chromatogr Sci 15:352–364
Majors RE (2005) LC-GC N Am 23:1248–1255
MacNair JE, Patel KD, Jorgenson JW (1999) Anal Chem 71:700–708
MacNair JE, Lewis KC, Jorgenson JW (1997) Anal Chem 69:983–989
Nguyen DTT, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2006) J Chromatogr A 1128:105–113
Mazzeo JR, Neue UD, Kele M, Plumb RS (2005) Anal Chem 77:460A–467A
Cunliffe JM, Adams-Hall SB, Maloney TD (2007) J Sep Sci 30:1214–1223
Majors RE, Carr PW (2008) LC-GC N Am (Suppl.):19–41
Petersson P, Euerby MR (2007) J Sep Sci 30:2012–2024
Nguyen D, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2006) J Sep Sci 29:1836–1848
Russo R, Guillarme D, Nguyen D, Bicchi C, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2008) J Chromatogr Sci 46:199–208
Neue UD, Grumbach ES, Kele M, Mazzeo JR, Sievers D (2006) HPLC Made to measure 498–505
Guillarme D, Nguyen DTT, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2007) Eur J Pharm Biopharm 66:475–482
Guillarme D, Nguyen DTT, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2008) Eur J Pharm Biopharm 68:430–440
Plumb RS, Mazzeo JR, Grumbach ES, Rainville P, Jones M, Wheat T, Neue UD, Smith B, Johnson KA (2007) J Sep Sci 30:1158–1116
De villiers A, Lestremau F, Szucs R, Gelebart S, David F, Sandra P (2006) J Chromatogr A 1127:60–69
Guillarme D, Meyer V, Veuthey JL (2008) LC-GC Europe 21:322–327
Fountain KJ, Neue UD, Grumbach ES, Diehl DM (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:5979–5988
de Villiers A, Lauer H, Szucs R, Goodall S, Sandra P (2006) J Chromatogr A 1113:84–91
Cabooter D, Lestremau F, de Villiers A, Broeckhoven K, Lynen F, Sandra P, Desmet G (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:3895–3903
Billen J, Broeckhoven K, Liekens A, Choikhet K, Rozing G, Desmet G (2008) J Chromatogr A 1210:30–44
Gritti F, Guiochon G (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:1353–1362
Kaczmarski K, Gritti F, Kostka J, Guiochon G (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:6575–6586
Gritti F, Martin M, Guiochon G (2009) Anal Chem 81:3365–3384
Colon LA, Cintron JM, Anspach JA, Fermier AM, Swinney KA (2004) Analyst 129:503–504
Salisbury JJ (2008) J Chromatogr Sci 46:883–886
Cavazzini A, Gritti F, Kaczmarski K, Marchetti N, Guiochon G (2007) Anal Chem 79:5972–5979
Destefano JJ, Langlois TJ, Kirkland JJ (2008) J Chromatogr Sci 46:254–260
Gritti F, Cavazzini A, Marchetti N, Guiochon G (2007) J Chromatogr A 1157:289–303
Cunliffe JM, Maloney TD (2007) J Sep Sci 30:3104–3109
Fekete S, Fekete J, Ganzler K (2009) J Pharm Biomed Anal 49:64–71
McCalley DV (2008) J Chromatogr A 1193:85–91
Marchetti N, Guiochon G (2007) J Chromatogr A 1176:206–216
Marchetti N, Cavazzini A, Gritti F, Guiochon G (2007) J Chromatogr A 1163:203–211
O’Neal KL, Hamsher AE, Hong L, Li L, Lu D, Wang M, Xu H, Yang Y, Weber SG (2009) Trends Anal Chem 28:627–634
Kirkland JJ (1992) Anal Chem 64:1239–1245
Desmet G, Gzil P, Nguyen D, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, Vervoort N, Torok G, Cabooter D, Clicq D (2006) Anal Chem 78:2150–2162
Desmet G, Clicq D, Gzil P (2005) Anal Chem 77:4058–4070
Billen J, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, Ritchie H, Grady B, Desmet G (2007) J Chromatogr A 1161:224–233
Desmet G, Gzil P, Clicq D (2005) LC-GC Eur 18:403–409
Desmet G, Cabooter D (2009) LC-GC Eur 22:70–77
Desmet G (2008) LC-GC Eur 21:310–320
Eeltink S, Gzil P, Kok WT, Schoenmakers PJ, Gert D (2006) J Chromatogr A 1130:108–114
Heinisch S, Desmet G, Clicq D, Rocca JL (2008) J Chromatogr A 1203:124–136
Cabooter D, de Villiers A, Clicq D, Szucs R, Sandra P, Desmet G (2007) J Chromatogr A 1147:183–191
Cabooter D, Billen J, Terryn H, Lynen F, Sandra P, Desmet G (2008) J Chromatogr A 1204:1–10
Yang B, Zhao J, Brown JS, Blackwell J, Carr PW (2000) Anal Chem 72:1253–1262
Nguyen D, Guillarme D, Heinisch S, Barrioulet MP, Rocca JL, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL (2007) J Chromatogr A 1167:76–84
Guillarme D, Grata E, Glauser G, Wolfender JL, Veuthey JL, Rudaz S (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:3232–3243
Desmet G, Cabooter D, Gzil P, Verelst H, Mangelings D, van der Heyden Y, Clicq D (2006) J Chromatogr A 1130:158–166
de Villiers A, Lestremau F, Szucs R, Gélébart S, David F, Sandra P (2006) J Chromatogr A 1127:60–69
Tanaka N, Kobayashi H, Ishizuka N, Minakuchi H, Nakanishi K, Hosoya K, Ikegami T (2002) J Chromatogr A 965:35–49
Bones J, Duffy C, Macka M, Paull B (2008) Analyst 133:180–183
Lestremau F, Cooper A, Szucs R, David F, Sandra P (2006) J Chromatogr A 1109:191–196
Lestremau F, de Villiers A, Lynen F, Cooper A, Szucs R, Sandra P (2007) J Chromatogr A 1138:120–131
Carr PW, Wang X, Stoll DR (2009) Anal Chem 81:5342–5353
Tchapla A, Heinisch S (2009) Spectra Anal 38:19–27
Neue UD (2008) J Chromatogr A 1184:107–130
Ruta J, Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, In preparation
Wang X, Stoll DR, Carr PW, Schoenmakers PJ (2006) J Chromatogr A 1125:177–181
Zhang Y, Wang X, Mukherjee P, Petersson P (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:4597–4605
Barrioulet MP, Heinisch S, Rocca JL (2007) Spectra Anal 36:38–44
de Villiers A, Lynen F, Sandra P (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:3431–3442
Cabooter D, Lestremau F, Lynen F, Sandra P, Desmet G (2008) J Chromatogr A 1212:23–34
Chen H, Cs H (1994) Anal Methods Instrum 1:213–222
Kalghatgi K, Cs H (1988) J Chromatogr 443:343–354
Chen H, Horvath C (1995) J Chromatogr A 705:3–20
Petersson P, Frank A, Heaton J, Euerby MR (2008) J Sep Sci 31:2346–2357
Wren SAC (2005) J Pharm Biomed Anal 38:337–343
Grata E, Guillarme D, Glauser G, Boccard J, Carrupt PA, Veuthey JL, Rudaz S, Wolfender JL (2009) J Chromatogr A 1216:5660–5668
Plumb RS, Rainville P, Smith BW, Johnson KA, Castro-Perez J, Wilson ID, Nicholson JK (2006) Anal Chem 78:7278–7283
Guiochon G (2006) J Chromatogr A 1126:6–49
Francois I, Sandra K, Sandra P (2009) Anal Chim Acta 641:14–31
Dugo P, Cacciola F, Kumm T, Dugo G, Mondello L (2008) J Chromatogr A 1184:353–368
Shalliker RA, Gray MJ (2006) Adv Chromatogr 44:177–236
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guillarme, D., Ruta, J., Rudaz, S. et al. New trends in fast and high-resolution liquid chromatography: a critical comparison of existing approaches. Anal Bioanal Chem 397, 1069–1082 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3305-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3305-8