Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Pediatric Cardiology 4/2005

01.08.2005

Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Valve Measurements in Healthy Children: Gender-Specific Differences

verfasst von: M. V. Zilberman, P. R. Khoury, R. T. Kimball

Erschienen in: Pediatric Cardiology | Ausgabe 4/2005

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The goal of this study was to create nomograms of echocardiographic two-dimensional valve dimensions based on a large group of children without heart disease. Children aged 0–18 years underwent standard echocardiographic evaluation. Referring diagnoses were chest pain, heart murmur, or syncope. Only patients with a structurally normal heart and normal systolic and diastolic function were included. All four valves were measured at their maximal dimensions. A total of 748 children (314 girls and 434 boys) met the inclusion criteria. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated, and z value nomograms based on body surface area were developed. Surprisingly, the boys had larger valve dimensions at all ages. These valve dimension differences were statistically significant for three of four valves even after adjustment for the differences in body sizes. The difference may be due to higher circulating blood volume in boys compared to that in girls. Because the differences are subtle, they reach statistical significance only when evaluated in a large group of subjects. Presented normal value data will be helpful in following cardiology patients and evaluating intervention strategy in patients with valve hypoplasia.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Akiba, T, Yoshikawa, M, Otaki, S, et al. 1986Echocardiographic measurements of left ventricle in normal infants and childrenTohoki J Exp Med1493137 Akiba, T, Yoshikawa, M, Otaki, S,  et al. 1986Echocardiographic measurements of left ventricle in normal infants and childrenTohoki J Exp Med1493137
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Burke, GL, Arcilla, RA, Culpepper, WS, et al. 1987Blood pressure and echocardiographic measures in children: the Bogalusa Heart StudyCirculation75106114PubMed Burke, GL, Arcilla, RA, Culpepper, WS,  et al. 1987Blood pressure and echocardiographic measures in children: the Bogalusa Heart StudyCirculation75106114PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Daubeney, PEF, Blackstone, EH, Weintraub, RG et al. 1999Relationship of the dimension of cardiac structures to body size: an echocardiographic study in normal infants and childrenCardiol Young9402410PubMedCrossRef Daubeney, PEF, Blackstone, EH, Weintraub, RG et al. 1999Relationship of the dimension of cardiac structures to body size: an echocardiographic study in normal infants and childrenCardiol Young9402410PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Simone, G, Devereux, RB, Daniels, SR, Meyer, RA 1995Gender differences in left ventricular growthHypertension26979983PubMed Simone, G, Devereux, RB, Daniels, SR, Meyer, RA 1995Gender differences in left ventricular growthHypertension26979983PubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Evangelista, A, Casillo, HG, Gonsales-Alujas, T, et al. 1996Normal values of valvular annular areas. Comparison of the results of a necroscopy and an echocardiographic seriesRev Espaniola de Cardiol49111116 Evangelista, A, Casillo, HG, Gonsales-Alujas, T,  et al. 1996Normal values of valvular annular areas. Comparison of the results of a necroscopy and an echocardiographic seriesRev Espaniola de Cardiol49111116
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Gutgesell, HP, Bricker, JT, Colvin, EV, Latson, LA, Hawkins, EP 1984Atrioventricular valve annular diameter: two-dimensional echocardiographic–autopsy correlationAm J Cardiol5316521655PubMedCrossRef Gutgesell, HP, Bricker, JT, Colvin, EV, Latson, LA, Hawkins, EP 1984Atrioventricular valve annular diameter: two-dimensional echocardiographic–autopsy correlationAm J Cardiol5316521655PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Halon, DA, Amitai, N, Gotsman, MS, Lewis, BS 1979Serial echocardiography during the first 3 month of life in normal neonatesEur J Cardiol9393404PubMed Halon, DA, Amitai, N, Gotsman, MS, Lewis, BS 1979Serial echocardiography during the first 3 month of life in normal neonatesEur J Cardiol9393404PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Henry, WL, Ware, J, Gardin, JM, et al. 1978Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjectsCirculation57278285PubMed Henry, WL, Ware, J, Gardin, JM,  et al. 1978Echocardiographic measurements in normal subjectsCirculation57278285PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat King, DH, Smith, EO, Huhta, JC, Gutgesell, HP 1985Mitral and tricuspid valve annular diameter in normal children determined by two-dimensional echocardiographyAm J Cardiol55787789PubMed King, DH, Smith, EO, Huhta, JC, Gutgesell, HP 1985Mitral and tricuspid valve annular diameter in normal children determined by two-dimensional echocardiographyAm J Cardiol55787789PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Nidorf, SM, Picard, MH, Triulzi, MO, et al. 1992New perspectives in the assessment of cardiac chamber dimensions during development and adulthoodJ Am Coll Cardiol19983988PubMedCrossRef Nidorf, SM, Picard, MH, Triulzi, MO,  et al. 1992New perspectives in the assessment of cardiac chamber dimensions during development and adulthoodJ Am Coll Cardiol19983988PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat O'Leary, PW, Durongpisitkul, K, Cordes, T, et al. 1998Diastolic ventricular function in children: a Doppler echocardiographic study establishing normal values and predictors of increased ventricular end-diastolic pressureMayo Clinic Proc73616628CrossRef O'Leary, PW, Durongpisitkul, K, Cordes, T,  et al. 1998Diastolic ventricular function in children: a Doppler echocardiographic study establishing normal values and predictors of increased ventricular end-diastolic pressureMayo Clinic Proc73616628CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Rimoldi, HJA, Lev, M 1963A note on the concept of normality and abnormality in quantification of pathologic findings in congenital heart diseasePediatr Clin North Am10589591 Rimoldi, HJA, Lev, M 1963A note on the concept of normality and abnormality in quantification of pathologic findings in congenital heart diseasePediatr Clin North Am10589591
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Roge, CLL, Silverman, NH, Hart, PA, Ray, RM 1978Cardiac structure growth pattern determined by echocardiographyCirculation57285290PubMed Roge, CLL, Silverman, NH, Hart, PA, Ray, RM 1978Cardiac structure growth pattern determined by echocardiographyCirculation57285290PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Roman, MJ, Devereux, RB, Kramer-Fox, R, O'Loughlin, J 1989Two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in normal children and adultsAm J Cardiol64507512PubMed Roman, MJ, Devereux, RB, Kramer-Fox, R, O'Loughlin, J 1989Two-dimensional echocardiographic aortic root dimensions in normal children and adultsAm J Cardiol64507512PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Sahn, DJ, DeMaria, A, Kisslo, J, Weyman, A 1978Recommendations regarding quantitation in M-mode echocardiography: results of a survey of echocardiographic measurementsCirculation5810721083PubMed Sahn, DJ, DeMaria, A, Kisslo, J, Weyman, A 1978Recommendations regarding quantitation in M-mode echocardiography: results of a survey of echocardiographic measurementsCirculation5810721083PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Sheil, ML, Jenkins, O, Sholler, G 1995Echocardiographic assessment of aortic root dimensions in normal children based on measurements of a new ratio of aortic size independent of growthAm J Cardiol75711715PubMedCrossRef Sheil, ML, Jenkins, O, Sholler, G 1995Echocardiographic assessment of aortic root dimensions in normal children based on measurements of a new ratio of aortic size independent of growthAm J Cardiol75711715PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Snider, AR, Enderlein, MA, Teitel, DF, Juster, RP 1984Two-dimensional echocardiographic determination of aortic and pulmonary artery sizes from infancy to adulthood in normal subjectsAm J Cardiol53218224PubMedCrossRef Snider, AR, Enderlein, MA, Teitel, DF, Juster, RP 1984Two-dimensional echocardiographic determination of aortic and pulmonary artery sizes from infancy to adulthood in normal subjectsAm J Cardiol53218224PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Solinger, R, Elbl, F, Minhas, K 1973Echocardiography in the normal neonateCirculation47108118PubMed Solinger, R, Elbl, F, Minhas, K 1973Echocardiography in the normal neonateCirculation47108118PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Tacy, TA, Vermilion, RP, Ludomirsky, A 1995Range of normal valve annulus size in neonatesAm J Cardiol75541543PubMedCrossRef Tacy, TA, Vermilion, RP, Ludomirsky, A 1995Range of normal valve annulus size in neonatesAm J Cardiol75541543PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Valve Measurements in Healthy Children: Gender-Specific Differences
verfasst von
M. V. Zilberman
P. R. Khoury
R. T. Kimball
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2005
Erschienen in
Pediatric Cardiology / Ausgabe 4/2005
Print ISSN: 0172-0643
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1971
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-004-0736-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2005

Pediatric Cardiology 4/2005 Zur Ausgabe

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.