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Erschienen in:
23.04.2016
The role of diffusion-weighted MRI in assessment of inflammatory bowel disease
Erschienen in: Abdominal Radiology | Ausgabe 8/2016
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Aim
To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) in detecting and differentiating acute from chronic bowel inflammation in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD).
Materials and methods
MR-enteroclysis examinations with DW-MRI were reviewed from 24 patients with histologically proven CD. Segments of bowel were evaluated for acute and chronic inflammation in three different reviews of the MRI images: T2w alone, T2w + DWI, and T2w + CET1w. Mean ADC values of normal bowel segments, as well as bowel segments with acute and chronic inflammation were calculated and compared. Analyses of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve were performed.
Results
Hundred and forty four bowel segments in total were reviewed. Inflammation was present in 45 segments. Acute inflammation was present in 31 segments, chronic inflammation in 14. 98 bowel segments showed no inflammatory activity. Sensitivity and specificity for differentiation between normal and inflamed bowel segments was 0.6, 0.67, and 0.80 on T2w, T2w + DWI, and T2w + CET1w datasets, respectively. Specificities for differentiation between normal and inflamed bowel segments were 0.96, 0.96, and 0.98. Sensitivities for differentiation between acute and chronically inflamed bowel segments were 0.85, 0.91, and 0.96, and specificities were 0.88, 0.89, and 1.0, respectively. The mean ADC value of normal bowel (2.18 ± 0.37 × 10−3 mm2/s) was statistically significantly greater than the mean value of inflamed bowel segments (p < 0.001). The mean ADC value of acutely inflamed bowel segments was statistically significantly lower than that of chronically inflamed bowel segments (1.09 ± 0.18 × 10−3 vs. 1.55 ± 0.21 × 10−3 mm2/s) (p < 0.001). Estimated area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of acute vs. chronic inflammation was 0.950. A threshold of ADC value of 1.41 × 10−3 mm2/s was optimal for calculation of sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusion
DW-MRI improves detection and differentiation of acute vs. chronic inflammatory changes of the bowel in patients with CD compared to T2w-images alone.