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Erschienen in: Die Pathologie 3/2019

22.05.2019 | Endometriumkarzinom | CME

Mikrosatelliteninstabilität

Aktueller Überblick über Methoden und Anwendungen

verfasst von: W. Dietmaier, R. Büttner, Prof. Dr. J. Rüschoff

Erschienen in: Die Pathologie | Ausgabe 3/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Mit Begründung des Bethesda-Mikrosatelliten-Testpanels war der Nachweis von Mikrosatelliteninstabilität (MSI) bzw. der zugrunde liegenden Mismatch-Reparaturgen-Defizienz (MMRD) Bestandteil des Screenings auf erbliches Lynch-Syndrom (LS, vormals HNPCC). Neuerdings ist MSI/MMRD zu einem wichtigen Biomarker zur Vorhersage des Therapieerfolgs moderner Checkpointimmuntherapien geworden. Die MSI-Analyse erfolgt mittels Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) mit und ohne Fragmentlängenbestimmung und Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Für den MMRD-Nachweis stehen immunhistochemische Methoden zur Verfügung. Bezogen auf einzelne Tumorentitäten kommen diese Testverfahren unterschiedlich zur Anwendung. Aktuell ist MSI/MMRD ein Biomarker mit sehr breitem Indikationsspektrum in der Tumorpathologie vor allem beim Kolorektal‑, Endometrium- und Magenkarzinom. Bei fortgeschrittenen Karzinomen ist MSI ein etablierter Parameter zur Prädiktion der Therapieresponse checkpointgerichteter Immuntherapien.
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Metadaten
Titel
Mikrosatelliteninstabilität
Aktueller Überblick über Methoden und Anwendungen
verfasst von
W. Dietmaier
R. Büttner
Prof. Dr. J. Rüschoff
Publikationsdatum
22.05.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Pathologie / Ausgabe 3/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7188
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7196
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-019-0610-7

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