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Manuelle Medizin

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01.04.2013 | Leitthema

Myofasziale Triggerpunkte

Pathophysiologie, Klinik und Therapie

verfasst von: PD Dr. J. Buchmann

Erschienen in: Manuelle Medizin | Ausgabe 2/2013

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Zusammenfassung

Myofasziale Triggerpunkte sind eine der häufigsten Ursachen von Schmerzen im muskuloskeletalen System. Sie sind gekennzeichnet durch eine palpable knötchenhafte Verdickung im Skelettmuskel innerhalb eines Hartspannstrangs sowie einem Übertragungsschmerzareal. Die Ätiologie der myofaszialen Triggerpunkte ist nicht völlig geklärt. Wahrscheinlich liegt ihnen ein Wechselspiel zwischen lokalen Muskelspannungserhöhungen in der Nähe von neuromuskulären Endplatten und einer entzündlichen Komponente zugrunde. Haltungsanomalien und Fehlstereotypien spielen ätiopathogenetisch ebenfalls eine Rolle. Für die Behandlung von Triggerpunkten stehen viele Techniken zur Verfügung. Systematische Untersuchungen zur Priorisierung oder Sequenz der verschiedenen Behandlungsansätze fehlen. Pragmatischen Gesichtspunkten folgend sollte zunächst nichtinvasiven Verfahren wie der lokalen postisometrischen Relaxation der Vorzug gegeben werden, gefolgt von trockenem Nadeln und Ultraschall. Überwiegt die Komponente der neurogenen Entzündung, kann die Injektion von Lokalanästhetika oder Botulinumtoxin erwogen werden. Jede Triggerpunktherapie ist dabei in manualmedizinische Konzepte mit Verkettungsdenken einzubinden.

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Titel: Myofasziale Triggerpunkte
Pathophysiologie, Klinik und Therapie
verfasst von: PD Dr. J. Buchmann
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Manuelle Medizin / Ausgabe 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0025-2514
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0466
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00337-013-1019-7

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Myofasziale Triggerpunkte

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