Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse der EUROFAMCARE-Studie zur Nutzung und Erreichbarkeit unterstützender Angebote für pflegende Angehörige präsentiert. Die Untersuchung wurde in sechs europäischen Ländern (Deutschland, Griechenland, Italien, Polen, Schweden und Großbritannien), die unterschiedliche Typen von Wohlfahrtsstaaten repräsentieren, durchgeführt. Mit Hilfe eines gemeinsam entwickelten Erhebungsinstrumentes und gemeinsamer Rekrutierungsstrategien wurden in allen sechs Ländern jeweils rund 1000 pflegende Angehörige älterer Menschen persönlich interviewt. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse zeigen die unterschiedliche Nutzung von Diensten/Angeboten und die Verfügbarkeit von finanziellen Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten in den verschiedenen Ländern. Weiter werden die Erfahrungen der pflegenden Angehörigen, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Kosten von Unterstützungsleistungen und die größten Hilfen bzw. Hindernisse bei der Inanspruchnahme, dargestellt. Schließlich werden die Gründe für eine Nichtinanspruchnahme bestimmter Unterstützungsleistungen, als auch für eine Aufgabe von Unterstützungsleistungen, die eigentlich noch benötigt werden, aufgezeigt. Insbesondere in den nordeuropäischen Ländern zeigt sich einerseits zwar eine höhere Verfügbarkeit von Diensten/Angeboten, die aber andererseits aufgrund ihrer geringe Flexibilität bei deren Anpassung an die Bedürfnisse der Pflegenden und ihrer betreuten Angehörigen z.T. nicht genutzt werden.
Summary
This article presents selected findings of the EUROFAMCARE research project, reporting up-to-date information on the use and accessibility of support services for family carers of older people in six European countries representing different typologies of welfare systems (Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Sweden and the UK). Data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews to national samples of about 1000 family carers per country (i.e. 6000 in total), based on a common recruitment and data collection protocol. The reported findings reveal the crossnational usage of different support services – subdivided for comparative reasons in the categories of socio-emotional support, information, respite care, training and assessment services – as well as of available care allowances. The analysis includes the perceived experience of carers in using them, in terms of costs sustained, factors affecting service accessibility – i.e. main obstacles and greatest helps in accessing them – as well as reasons for not using (needed) services or for stopping using (still needed) services. Cross-national differences are relevant, showing a greater availability in Northern European countries, where however higher refusal rates by potential users of available services are recorded, possibly in connection to their lack of flexibility and low customisation.
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Das EUROFAMCARE Projekt (homepage: http://www.uke.uni-hamburg.de/extern/eurofamcare/) wurde von der Europäischen Union im 5. Rahmenprogramm für Forschung, technologische Entwicklung und Demonstration (Vertragsnummer: QLK6-CT-2002-02647) gefördert.
* Das EUROFAMCARE Konsortium: Deutschland: Döhner H. (Project Co-ordinator), Kofahl C., Luedecke D., Mnich E. (Hamburg) und Rothgang H., Becker, R. (Bremen); Griechenland: Mestheneos E. (PI: Principal Investigator), Triantafillou J. (PI), Prouskas C.; Italien: Lamura G. (PI), Balducci C., Melchiorre M.G., Quattrini S., Spazzafumo L.; Polen: Bien B. (PI), Wojszel B., Synak B., Czekanowski P., Bledowski P.; Schweden: Öberg B. (PI), Krevers B., Johansson S. L.; UK: McKee K. (PI), Barber L., Brown J., Nolan M.; AGE – The European Older People Platform: Parent A.-S., Patel J., Dauréle C.
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Lamura, G., Mnich, E., Wojszel, B. et al. Erfahrungen von pflegenden Angehörigen älterer Menschen in Europa bei der Inanspruchnahme von Unterstützungsleistungen. Z Gerontol Geriatr 39, 429–442 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-006-0416-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-006-0416-0