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K+ channels stimulated by glucose: a new energy-sensing pathway

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Abstract

Insights into how sugar can turn off cell activity are emerging from studies of hypothalamic neurons. Brain states are coordinated by hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin neurons, whose loss leads to narcoleptic instability of consciousness and inability to rouse when hungry. Recent studies indicate that glucose blocks the electrical activity of orexin cells by opening K+ channels in their membrane. This new energy-sensing mechanism is so sensitive that even small changes in glucose levels, of the type occurring between meals, can turn orexin cells on and off. Glucose-stimulated K+ channels share biophysical properties with “leak” (two-pore domain) K+ channels, the newest and least understood K+ channel family. A hypothesis is outlined whereby the stimulation of brain K+ channels by sugar could relieve stress and enhance reward, although probably at a cost of increased sleepiness.

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DB is a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellow.

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    Denis Burdakov

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Burdakov, D. K+ channels stimulated by glucose: a new energy-sensing pathway. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 454, 19–27 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-006-0189-8

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