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Colonic potassium handling

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Abstract

Homeostatic control of plasma K+ is a necessary physiological function. The daily dietary K+ intake of ~100 mmol is excreted predominantly by the distal tubules of the kidney. About 10% of the ingested K+ is excreted via the intestine. K+ handling in both organs is specifically regulated by hormones and adapts readily to changes in dietary K+ intake, aldosterone and multiple local paracrine agonists. In chronic renal insufficiency, colonic K+ secretion is greatly enhanced and becomes an important accessory K+ excretory pathway. During severe diarrheal diseases of different causes, intestinal K+ losses caused by activated ion secretion may become life threatening. This topical review provides an update of the molecular mechanisms and the regulation of mammalian colonic K+ absorption and secretion. It is motivated by recent results, which have identified the K+ secretory ion channel in the apical membrane of distal colonic enterocytes. The directed focus therefore covers the role of the apical Ca2+ and cAMP-activated BK channel (KCa1.1) as the apparently only secretory K+ channel in the distal colon.

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Acknowledgements

Our studies are supported by the Danish Medical Research Foundation and the Lundbeck Foundation.

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  1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 1160, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    Mads V. Sorensen, Joana E. Matos, Helle A. Praetorius & Jens Leipziger

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  1. Mads V. Sorensen
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  2. Joana E. Matos
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  3. Helle A. Praetorius
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  4. Jens Leipziger
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Correspondence to Jens Leipziger.

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Sorensen, M.V., Matos, J.E., Praetorius, H.A. et al. Colonic potassium handling. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 459, 645–656 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-009-0781-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-009-0781-9

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