Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Supportive Care in Cancer 8/2010

01.08.2010 | Original Article

A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies: prevalence, severity and impact on quality of life

verfasst von: S. B. Jensen, A. M. L. Pedersen, A. Vissink, E. Andersen, C. G. Brown, A. N. Davies, J. Dutilh, J. S. Fulton, L. Jankovic, N. N. F. Lopes, A. L. S. Mello, L. V. Muniz, C. A. Murdoch-Kinch, R. G. Nair, J. J. Napeñas, A. Nogueira-Rodrigues, D. Saunders, B. Stirling, I. von Bültzingslöwen, D. S. Weikel, L. S. Elting, F. K. L. Spijkervet, M. T. Brennan, Salivary Gland Hypofunction/Xerostomia Section, Oral Care Study Group, Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/International Society of Oral Oncology (ISOO)

Erschienen in: Supportive Care in Cancer | Ausgabe 8/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

This systematic review aimed to assess the literature for prevalence, severity, and impact on quality of life of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies.

Methods

The electronic databases of MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles published in English since the 1989 NIH Development Consensus Conference on the Oral Complications of Cancer Therapies until 2008 inclusive. Two independent reviewers extracted information regarding study design, study population, interventions, outcome measures, results and conclusions for each article.

Results

The inclusion criteria were met by 184 articles covering salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by conventional, 3D conformal radiotherapy or intensity-modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients, cancer chemotherapy, total body irradiation/hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radioactive iodine treatment, and immunotherapy.

Conclusions

Salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia are induced by radiotherapy in the head and neck region depending on the cumulative radiation dose to the gland tissue. Treatment focus should be on optimized/new approaches to further reduce the dose to the parotids, and particularly submandibular and minor salivary glands, as these glands are major contributors to moistening of oral tissues. Other cancer treatments also induce salivary gland hypofunction, although to a lesser severity, and in the case of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the adverse effect is temporary. Fields of sparse literature included pediatric cancer populations, cancer chemotherapy, radioactive iodine treatment, total body irradiation/hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Pedersen AM, Bardow A, Jensen SB, Nauntofte B (2002) Saliva and gastrointestinal functions of taste, mastication, swallowing and digestion. Oral Dis 8:117–129PubMedCrossRef Pedersen AM, Bardow A, Jensen SB, Nauntofte B (2002) Saliva and gastrointestinal functions of taste, mastication, swallowing and digestion. Oral Dis 8:117–129PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Schneyer LH (1956) Source of resting total mixed saliva of man. J Appl Physiol 9:79–81PubMed Schneyer LH (1956) Source of resting total mixed saliva of man. J Appl Physiol 9:79–81PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Dawes C, Ong BY (1973) Circadian rhythms in the flow rate and proportional contribution of parotid to whole saliva volume in man. Arch Oral Biol 18:1145–1153PubMedCrossRef Dawes C, Ong BY (1973) Circadian rhythms in the flow rate and proportional contribution of parotid to whole saliva volume in man. Arch Oral Biol 18:1145–1153PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Dawes C, Wood CM (1973) The contribution of oral minor mucous gland secretions to the volume of whole saliva in man. Arch Oral Biol 18:337–342PubMedCrossRef Dawes C, Wood CM (1973) The contribution of oral minor mucous gland secretions to the volume of whole saliva in man. Arch Oral Biol 18:337–342PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghezzi EM, Lange LA, Ship JA (2000) Determination of variation of stimulated salivary flow rates. J Dent Res 79:1874–1878PubMedCrossRef Ghezzi EM, Lange LA, Ship JA (2000) Determination of variation of stimulated salivary flow rates. J Dent Res 79:1874–1878PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Dawes C (1987) Physiological factors affecting salivary flow rate, oral sugar clearance, and the sensation of dry mouth in man. J Dent Res 66(Spec No):648–653PubMed Dawes C (1987) Physiological factors affecting salivary flow rate, oral sugar clearance, and the sensation of dry mouth in man. J Dent Res 66(Spec No):648–653PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Sreebny LM (2000) Saliva in health and disease: an appraisal and update. Int Dent J 50:140–161PubMed Sreebny LM (2000) Saliva in health and disease: an appraisal and update. Int Dent J 50:140–161PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Vissink A, Schaub RM, van Rijn LJ, Gravenmade EJ, Panders AK, Vermey A (1987) The efficacy of mucin-containing artificial saliva in alleviating symptoms of xerostomia. Gerodontology 6:95–101PubMedCrossRef Vissink A, Schaub RM, van Rijn LJ, Gravenmade EJ, Panders AK, Vermey A (1987) The efficacy of mucin-containing artificial saliva in alleviating symptoms of xerostomia. Gerodontology 6:95–101PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Vissink A, Jansma J, Spijkervet FK, Burlage FR, Coppes RP (2003) Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 14:199–212PubMedCrossRef Vissink A, Jansma J, Spijkervet FK, Burlage FR, Coppes RP (2003) Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 14:199–212PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen SB, Pedersen AM, Reibel J, Nauntofte B (2003) Xerostomia and hypofunction of the salivary glands in cancer therapy. Support Care Cancer 11:207–225PubMed Jensen SB, Pedersen AM, Reibel J, Nauntofte B (2003) Xerostomia and hypofunction of the salivary glands in cancer therapy. Support Care Cancer 11:207–225PubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Consensus Statement (1989) Oral complications of cancer therapies: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Natl Inst Health Consens Dev Conf Consens Statement 7:1–11 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Consensus Statement (1989) Oral complications of cancer therapies: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Natl Inst Health Consens Dev Conf Consens Statement 7:1–11
12.
Zurück zum Zitat National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference. Oral complications of cancer therapies: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Bethesda, MD, USA, April 17–19,1989 (1990) NCI Monogr 9:1–184 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference. Oral complications of cancer therapies: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Bethesda, MD, USA, April 17–19,1989 (1990) NCI Monogr 9:1–184
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen SB, Pedersen AML, Vissink A, Andersen E, Brown CG, Davies AN, Dutilh J, Fulton JS, Jankovic L, Lopes NNF, Mello ALS, Muniz LV, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Nair RG, Napeñas JJ, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Saunders D, Stirling B, von Bültzingslöwen I, Weikel DS, Elting LS, Spijkervet FKL, Brennan MT (2010) A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies: management strategies and economic impact. Support Care Cancer (in press) doi:10.1007/s00520-010-0827-8 Jensen SB, Pedersen AML, Vissink A, Andersen E, Brown CG, Davies AN, Dutilh J, Fulton JS, Jankovic L, Lopes NNF, Mello ALS, Muniz LV, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Nair RG, Napeñas JJ, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Saunders D, Stirling B, von Bültzingslöwen I, Weikel DS, Elting LS, Spijkervet FKL, Brennan MT (2010) A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies: management strategies and economic impact. Support Care Cancer (in press) doi:10.1007/s00520-010-0827-8
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Brennan MT, Elting LS, Spijkervet FKL (2010) Systematic reviews of oral complications from cancer therapies, Oral Care Study Group, MASCC/ISOO: Methodology and quality of the literature. Support Care Cancer (in press) Brennan MT, Elting LS, Spijkervet FKL (2010) Systematic reviews of oral complications from cancer therapies, Oral Care Study Group, MASCC/ISOO: Methodology and quality of the literature. Support Care Cancer (in press)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Baccaglini L, Brennan MT, Lockhart PB, Patton LL (2007) World Workshop on Oral Medicine IV: process and methodology for systematic review and developing management recommendations. Reference manual for management recommendations writing committees. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 103(Suppl):S3–19PubMed Baccaglini L, Brennan MT, Lockhart PB, Patton LL (2007) World Workshop on Oral Medicine IV: process and methodology for systematic review and developing management recommendations. Reference manual for management recommendations writing committees. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 103(Suppl):S3–19PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Olver IN, Hughes PG, Smith JG, Narayan K, Bishop JF (1996) Concurrent radiotherapy and continuous ambulatory infusion 5-fluorouracil in advanced head and neck cancer. Eur J Cancer 32A:249–254PubMedCrossRef Olver IN, Hughes PG, Smith JG, Narayan K, Bishop JF (1996) Concurrent radiotherapy and continuous ambulatory infusion 5-fluorouracil in advanced head and neck cancer. Eur J Cancer 32A:249–254PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Harrison LB, Zelefsky MJ, Pfister DG, Carper E, Raben A, Kraus DH, Strong EW, Rao A, Thaler H, Polyak T, Portenoy R (1997) Detailed quality of life assessment in patients treated with primary radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer of the base of the tongue. Head Neck 19:169–175PubMedCrossRef Harrison LB, Zelefsky MJ, Pfister DG, Carper E, Raben A, Kraus DH, Strong EW, Rao A, Thaler H, Polyak T, Portenoy R (1997) Detailed quality of life assessment in patients treated with primary radiotherapy for squamous cell cancer of the base of the tongue. Head Neck 19:169–175PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat List MA, Mumby P, Haraf D, Siston A, Mick R, MacCracken E, Vokes E (1997) Performance and quality of life outcome in patients completing concomitant chemoradiotherapy protocols for head and neck cancer. Qual Life Res 6:274–284PubMedCrossRef List MA, Mumby P, Haraf D, Siston A, Mick R, MacCracken E, Vokes E (1997) Performance and quality of life outcome in patients completing concomitant chemoradiotherapy protocols for head and neck cancer. Qual Life Res 6:274–284PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein JB, Emerton S, Kolbinson DA, Le ND, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P, Osoba D (1999) Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 21:1–11PubMedCrossRef Epstein JB, Emerton S, Kolbinson DA, Le ND, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P, Osoba D (1999) Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 21:1–11PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Huguenin PU, Taussky D, Moe K, Meister A, Baumert B, Lutolf UM, Glanzmann C (1999) Quality of life in patients cured from a carcinoma of the head and neck by radiotherapy: the importance of the target volume. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:47–52PubMed Huguenin PU, Taussky D, Moe K, Meister A, Baumert B, Lutolf UM, Glanzmann C (1999) Quality of life in patients cured from a carcinoma of the head and neck by radiotherapy: the importance of the target volume. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:47–52PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat List MA, Siston A, Haraf D, Schumm P, Kies M, Stenson K, Vokes EE (1999) Quality of life and performance in advanced head and neck cancer patients on concomitant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective examination. J Clin Oncol 17:1020–1028PubMed List MA, Siston A, Haraf D, Schumm P, Kies M, Stenson K, Vokes EE (1999) Quality of life and performance in advanced head and neck cancer patients on concomitant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective examination. J Clin Oncol 17:1020–1028PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang HY, Wilkie DJ, Schubert MM, Ting LL (2000) Symptom profile of nasopharyngeal cancer patients during radiation therapy. Cancer Pract 8:274–281PubMedCrossRef Huang HY, Wilkie DJ, Schubert MM, Ting LL (2000) Symptom profile of nasopharyngeal cancer patients during radiation therapy. Cancer Pract 8:274–281PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Hughes PJ, Scott PM, Kew J, Cheung DM, Leung SF, Ahuja AT, van Hasselt CA (2000) Dysphagia in treated nasopharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 22:393–397PubMedCrossRef Hughes PJ, Scott PM, Kew J, Cheung DM, Leung SF, Ahuja AT, van Hasselt CA (2000) Dysphagia in treated nasopharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 22:393–397PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Milicic B, Nikolic N, Dagovic A, Aleksandrovic J, Vaskovic Z, Tadic L (2000) Hyperfractionated radiation therapy with or without concurrent low-dose daily cisplatin in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 18:1458–1464PubMed Jeremic B, Shibamoto Y, Milicic B, Nikolic N, Dagovic A, Aleksandrovic J, Vaskovic Z, Tadic L (2000) Hyperfractionated radiation therapy with or without concurrent low-dose daily cisplatin in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 18:1458–1464PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Bjordal K, hlner-Elmqvist M, Hammerlid E, Boysen M, Evensen JF, Biorklund A, Jannert M, Westin T, Kaasa S (2001) A prospective study of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Part II: Longitudinal data. Laryngoscope 111:1440–1452PubMedCrossRef Bjordal K, hlner-Elmqvist M, Hammerlid E, Boysen M, Evensen JF, Biorklund A, Jannert M, Westin T, Kaasa S (2001) A prospective study of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Part II: Longitudinal data. Laryngoscope 111:1440–1452PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Magne N, Marcy PY, Chamorey E, Guardiola E, Pivot X, Schneider M, Demard F, Bensadoun RJ (2001) Concomitant twice-a-day radiotherapy and chemotherapy in unresectable head and neck cancer patients: a long-term quality of life analysis. Head Neck 23:678–682PubMedCrossRef Magne N, Marcy PY, Chamorey E, Guardiola E, Pivot X, Schneider M, Demard F, Bensadoun RJ (2001) Concomitant twice-a-day radiotherapy and chemotherapy in unresectable head and neck cancer patients: a long-term quality of life analysis. Head Neck 23:678–682PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Ohrn KE, Wahlin YB, Sjoden PO (2001) Oral status during radiotherapy and chemotherapy: a descriptive study of patient experiences and the occurrence of oral complications. Support Care Cancer 9:247–257PubMedCrossRef Ohrn KE, Wahlin YB, Sjoden PO (2001) Oral status during radiotherapy and chemotherapy: a descriptive study of patient experiences and the occurrence of oral complications. Support Care Cancer 9:247–257PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Morris MM, Schmidt-Ullrich RK, DiNardo L, Manning MA, Silverman L, Clay L, Johnson CR, Amir C (2002) Accelerated superfractionated radiotherapy with concomitant boost for locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 52:918–928PubMed Morris MM, Schmidt-Ullrich RK, DiNardo L, Manning MA, Silverman L, Clay L, Johnson CR, Amir C (2002) Accelerated superfractionated radiotherapy with concomitant boost for locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 52:918–928PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Perlmutter MA, Johnson JT, Snyderman CH, Cano ER, Myers EN (2002) Functional outcomes after treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 128:887–891PubMed Perlmutter MA, Johnson JT, Snyderman CH, Cano ER, Myers EN (2002) Functional outcomes after treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 128:887–891PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Grotz KA, Genitsariotis S, Vehling D, Al-Nawas B (2003) Long-term oral Candida colonization, mucositis and salivary function after head and neck radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer 11:717–721PubMedCrossRef Grotz KA, Genitsariotis S, Vehling D, Al-Nawas B (2003) Long-term oral Candida colonization, mucositis and salivary function after head and neck radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer 11:717–721PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Pow EH, McMillan AS, Leung WK, Wong MC, Kwong DL (2003) Salivary gland function and xerostomia in southern Chinese following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Oral Investig 7:230–234PubMedCrossRef Pow EH, McMillan AS, Leung WK, Wong MC, Kwong DL (2003) Salivary gland function and xerostomia in southern Chinese following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Oral Investig 7:230–234PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Pow EH, McMillan AS, Leung WK, Kwong DL, Wong MC (2003) Oral health condition in southern Chinese after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: extent and nature of the problem. Oral Dis 9:196–202PubMedCrossRef Pow EH, McMillan AS, Leung WK, Kwong DL, Wong MC (2003) Oral health condition in southern Chinese after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: extent and nature of the problem. Oral Dis 9:196–202PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Tschudi D, Stoeckli S, Schmid S (2003) Quality of life after different treatment modalities for carcinoma of the oropharynx. Laryngoscope 113:1949–1954PubMedCrossRef Tschudi D, Stoeckli S, Schmid S (2003) Quality of life after different treatment modalities for carcinoma of the oropharynx. Laryngoscope 113:1949–1954PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Allal AS, Taussky D, Mach N, Becker M, Bieri S, Dulguerov P (2004) Can concomitant-boost accelerated radiotherapy be adopted as routine treatment for head-and-neck cancers? A 10-year single-institution experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:1431–1436PubMedCrossRef Allal AS, Taussky D, Mach N, Becker M, Bieri S, Dulguerov P (2004) Can concomitant-boost accelerated radiotherapy be adopted as routine treatment for head-and-neck cancers? A 10-year single-institution experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:1431–1436PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Bansal M, Mohanti BK, Shah N, Chaudhry R, Bahadur S, Shukla NK (2004) Radiation related morbidities and their impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving radical radiotherapy. Qual Life Res 13:481–488PubMedCrossRef Bansal M, Mohanti BK, Shah N, Chaudhry R, Bahadur S, Shukla NK (2004) Radiation related morbidities and their impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving radical radiotherapy. Qual Life Res 13:481–488PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Denis F, Garaud P, Bardet E, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Germain T, Bergerot P, Rhein B, Tortochaux J, Calais G (2004) Final results of the 94-01 French Head and Neck Oncology and Radiotherapy Group randomized trial comparing radiotherapy alone with concomitant radiochemotherapy in advanced-stage oropharynx carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 22:69–76PubMedCrossRef Denis F, Garaud P, Bardet E, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Germain T, Bergerot P, Rhein B, Tortochaux J, Calais G (2004) Final results of the 94-01 French Head and Neck Oncology and Radiotherapy Group randomized trial comparing radiotherapy alone with concomitant radiochemotherapy in advanced-stage oropharynx carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 22:69–76PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang FM, Chien CY, Kuo SC, Chiu HC, Wang CJ (2004) Changes in quality of life of head-and-neck cancer patients following postoperative radiotherapy. Acta Oncol 43:571–578PubMedCrossRef Fang FM, Chien CY, Kuo SC, Chiu HC, Wang CJ (2004) Changes in quality of life of head-and-neck cancer patients following postoperative radiotherapy. Acta Oncol 43:571–578PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Jereczek-Fossa BA, Morra A, DeBraud F, Alterio D, Mazzetta C, Rocca A, Catalano G, Bianchi L, Pasetti M, Chiesa F, Bruschini R, Orecchia R (2004) Hyperfractionated radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. An analysis of 43 consecutive patients. Strahlenther Onkol 180:425–433PubMedCrossRef Jereczek-Fossa BA, Morra A, DeBraud F, Alterio D, Mazzetta C, Rocca A, Catalano G, Bianchi L, Pasetti M, Chiesa F, Bruschini R, Orecchia R (2004) Hyperfractionated radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. An analysis of 43 consecutive patients. Strahlenther Onkol 180:425–433PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Levendag P, Nijdam W, Noever I, Schmitz P, Van de Pol M, Sipkema D, Braat C, de Boer MD, Jansen P (2004) Brachytherapy versus surgery in carcinoma of tonsillar fossa and/or soft palate: late adverse sequelae and performance status: can we be more selective and obtain better tissue sparing? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59:713–724PubMed Levendag P, Nijdam W, Noever I, Schmitz P, Van de Pol M, Sipkema D, Braat C, de Boer MD, Jansen P (2004) Brachytherapy versus surgery in carcinoma of tonsillar fossa and/or soft palate: late adverse sequelae and performance status: can we be more selective and obtain better tissue sparing? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59:713–724PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Moller P, Perrier M, Ozsahin M, Monnier P (2004) A prospective study of salivary gland function in patients undergoing radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97:173–189PubMedCrossRef Moller P, Perrier M, Ozsahin M, Monnier P (2004) A prospective study of salivary gland function in patients undergoing radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97:173–189PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Palazzi M, Guzzo M, Tomatis S, Cerrotta A, Potepan P, Quattrone P, Cantu G (2004) Improved outcome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60:1451–1458PubMed Palazzi M, Guzzo M, Tomatis S, Cerrotta A, Potepan P, Quattrone P, Cantu G (2004) Improved outcome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60:1451–1458PubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Winter SC, Cassell O, Corbridge RJ, Goodacre T, Cox GJ (2004) Quality of life following resection, free flap reconstruction and postoperative external beam radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 29:274–278PubMedCrossRef Winter SC, Cassell O, Corbridge RJ, Goodacre T, Cox GJ (2004) Quality of life following resection, free flap reconstruction and postoperative external beam radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 29:274–278PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang FM, Tsai WL, Chien CY, Chiu HC, Wang CJ, Chen HC, Hsiung CY (2005) Changing quality of life in patients with advanced head and neck cancer after primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Oncology 68:405–413PubMedCrossRef Fang FM, Tsai WL, Chien CY, Chiu HC, Wang CJ, Chen HC, Hsiung CY (2005) Changing quality of life in patients with advanced head and neck cancer after primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Oncology 68:405–413PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Jellema AP, Doornaert P, Slotman BJ, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2005) Does radiation dose to the salivary glands and oral cavity predict patient-rated xerostomia and sticky saliva in head and neck cancer patients treated with curative radiotherapy? Radiother Oncol 77:164–171PubMedCrossRef Jellema AP, Doornaert P, Slotman BJ, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2005) Does radiation dose to the salivary glands and oral cavity predict patient-rated xerostomia and sticky saliva in head and neck cancer patients treated with curative radiotherapy? Radiother Oncol 77:164–171PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Petruson K, Mercke C, Lundberg LM, Silander E, Hammerlid E (2005) Longitudinal evaluation of patients with cancer in the oral tongue, tonsils, or base of tongue—does interstitial radiation dose affect quality of life? Brachytherapy 4:271–277PubMedCrossRef Petruson K, Mercke C, Lundberg LM, Silander E, Hammerlid E (2005) Longitudinal evaluation of patients with cancer in the oral tongue, tonsils, or base of tongue—does interstitial radiation dose affect quality of life? Brachytherapy 4:271–277PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Marques VP, Camilo ME (2005) Impact of nutrition on outcome: a prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Head Neck 27:659–668PubMedCrossRef Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Marques VP, Camilo ME (2005) Impact of nutrition on outcome: a prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Head Neck 27:659–668PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Yeh SA, Tang Y, Lui CC, Huang YJ, Huang EY (2005) Treatment outcomes and late complications of 849 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:672–679PubMed Yeh SA, Tang Y, Lui CC, Huang YJ, Huang EY (2005) Treatment outcomes and late complications of 849 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:672–679PubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Bensadoun RJ, Benezery K, Dassonville O, Magne N, Poissonnet G, Ramaioli A, Lemanski C, Bourdin S, Tortochaux J, Peyrade F, Marcy PY, Chamorey E, Vallicioni J, Seng H, Alzieu C, Gery B, Chauvel P, Schneider M, Santini J, Demard F, Calais G (2006) French multicenter phase III randomized study testing concurrent twice-a-day radiotherapy and cisplatin/5-fluorouracil chemotherapy (BiRCF) in unresectable pharyngeal carcinoma: Results at 2 years (FNCLCC-GORTEC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:983–994PubMed Bensadoun RJ, Benezery K, Dassonville O, Magne N, Poissonnet G, Ramaioli A, Lemanski C, Bourdin S, Tortochaux J, Peyrade F, Marcy PY, Chamorey E, Vallicioni J, Seng H, Alzieu C, Gery B, Chauvel P, Schneider M, Santini J, Demard F, Calais G (2006) French multicenter phase III randomized study testing concurrent twice-a-day radiotherapy and cisplatin/5-fluorouracil chemotherapy (BiRCF) in unresectable pharyngeal carcinoma: Results at 2 years (FNCLCC-GORTEC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:983–994PubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Connor NP, Cohen SB, Kammer RE, Sullivan PA, Brewer KA, Hong TS, Chappell RJ, Harari PM (2006) Impact of conventional radiotherapy on health-related quality of life and critical functions of the head and neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1051–1062PubMed Connor NP, Cohen SB, Kammer RE, Sullivan PA, Brewer KA, Hong TS, Chappell RJ, Harari PM (2006) Impact of conventional radiotherapy on health-related quality of life and critical functions of the head and neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1051–1062PubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Mowry SE, LoTempio MM, Sadeghi A, Wang KH, Wang MB (2006) Quality of life outcomes in laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer patients after chemoradiation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 135:565–570PubMedCrossRef Mowry SE, LoTempio MM, Sadeghi A, Wang KH, Wang MB (2006) Quality of life outcomes in laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer patients after chemoradiation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 135:565–570PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Nordgren M, Jannert M, Boysen M, hlner-Elmqvist M, Silander E, Bjordal K, Hammerlid E (2006) Health-related quality of life in patients with pharyngeal carcinoma: a five-year follow-up. Head Neck 28:339–349PubMedCrossRef Nordgren M, Jannert M, Boysen M, hlner-Elmqvist M, Silander E, Bjordal K, Hammerlid E (2006) Health-related quality of life in patients with pharyngeal carcinoma: a five-year follow-up. Head Neck 28:339–349PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Braam PM, Roesink JM, Raaijmakers CP, Busschers WB, Terhaard CH (2007) Quality of life and salivary output in patients with head-and-neck cancer five years after radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2:3PubMedCrossRef Braam PM, Roesink JM, Raaijmakers CP, Busschers WB, Terhaard CH (2007) Quality of life and salivary output in patients with head-and-neck cancer five years after radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2:3PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Jellema AP, Slotman BJ, Doornaert P, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2007) Impact of radiation-induced xerostomia on quality of life after primary radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:751–760PubMed Jellema AP, Slotman BJ, Doornaert P, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2007) Impact of radiation-induced xerostomia on quality of life after primary radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:751–760PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen K, Lambertsen K, Torkov P, Dahl M, Jensen AB, Grau C (2007) Patient assessed symptoms are poor predictors of objective findings. Results from a cross sectional study in patients treated with radiotherapy for pharyngeal cancer. Acta Oncol 46:1159–1168PubMedCrossRef Jensen K, Lambertsen K, Torkov P, Dahl M, Jensen AB, Grau C (2007) Patient assessed symptoms are poor predictors of objective findings. Results from a cross sectional study in patients treated with radiotherapy for pharyngeal cancer. Acta Oncol 46:1159–1168PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Oates JE, Clark JR, Read J, Reeves N, Gao K, Jackson M, Boyer M, O'brien CJ (2007) Prospective evaluation of quality of life and nutrition before and after treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 133:533–540PubMedCrossRef Oates JE, Clark JR, Read J, Reeves N, Gao K, Jackson M, Boyer M, O'brien CJ (2007) Prospective evaluation of quality of life and nutrition before and after treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 133:533–540PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Thomson WM (2007) Measuring change in dry-mouth symptoms over time using the Xerostomia Inventory. Gerodontology 24:30–35PubMedCrossRef Thomson WM (2007) Measuring change in dry-mouth symptoms over time using the Xerostomia Inventory. Gerodontology 24:30–35PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Yeh SA, Huang YJ (2007) Dose escalation for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy alone. Am J Clin Oncol 30:401–405PubMedCrossRef Yeh SA, Huang YJ (2007) Dose escalation for patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy alone. Am J Clin Oncol 30:401–405PubMedCrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Dirix P, Nuyts S, Vander Poorten V, Delaere P, Van den Bogaert W (2008) The influence of xerostomia after radiotherapy on quality of life: results of a questionnaire in head and neck cancer. Support Care Cancer 16:171–179PubMedCrossRef Dirix P, Nuyts S, Vander Poorten V, Delaere P, Van den Bogaert W (2008) The influence of xerostomia after radiotherapy on quality of life: results of a questionnaire in head and neck cancer. Support Care Cancer 16:171–179PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Hauswald H, Lindel K, Rochet N, Debus J, Harms W (2008) Surgery with complete resection improves survival in radiooncologically treated patients with cervical lymph node metastases from cancer of unknown primary. Strahlenther Onkol 184:150–156PubMedCrossRef Hauswald H, Lindel K, Rochet N, Debus J, Harms W (2008) Surgery with complete resection improves survival in radiooncologically treated patients with cervical lymph node metastases from cancer of unknown primary. Strahlenther Onkol 184:150–156PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Jham BC, Reis PM, Miranda EL, Lopes RC, Carvalho AL, Scheper MA, Freire AR (2008) Oral health status of 207 head and neck cancer patients before, during and after radiotherapy. Clin Oral Investig 12:19–24PubMedCrossRef Jham BC, Reis PM, Miranda EL, Lopes RC, Carvalho AL, Scheper MA, Freire AR (2008) Oral health status of 207 head and neck cancer patients before, during and after radiotherapy. Clin Oral Investig 12:19–24PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Nijdam WM, Levendag PC, Noever I, Schmitz PI, Uyl-de Groot CA (2008) Longitudinal changes in quality of life and costs in long-term survivors of tumors of the oropharynx treated with brachytherapy or surgery. Brachytherapy 7:343–350PubMedCrossRef Nijdam WM, Levendag PC, Noever I, Schmitz PI, Uyl-de Groot CA (2008) Longitudinal changes in quality of life and costs in long-term survivors of tumors of the oropharynx treated with brachytherapy or surgery. Brachytherapy 7:343–350PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Saunders M, Rojas AM, Dische S (2008) CHART revisited: a conservative approach for advanced head and neck cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 20:127–133 Saunders M, Rojas AM, Dische S (2008) CHART revisited: a conservative approach for advanced head and neck cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 20:127–133
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein JB, Robertson M, Emerton S, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P (2001) Quality of life and oral function in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 23:389–398PubMedCrossRef Epstein JB, Robertson M, Emerton S, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P (2001) Quality of life and oral function in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 23:389–398PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Franzen L, Funegard U, Ericson T, Henriksson R (1992) Parotid gland function during and following radiotherapy of malignancies in the head and neck. A consecutive study of salivary flow and patient discomfort. Eur J Cancer 28:457–462PubMedCrossRef Franzen L, Funegard U, Ericson T, Henriksson R (1992) Parotid gland function during and following radiotherapy of malignancies in the head and neck. A consecutive study of salivary flow and patient discomfort. Eur J Cancer 28:457–462PubMedCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Nishioka T, Shirato H, Arimoto T, Kaneko M, Kitahara T, Oomori K, Yasuda M, Fukuda S, Inuyama Y, Miyasaka K (1997) Reduction of radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using CT simulation with laser patient marking and three-field irradiation technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 38:705–712PubMedCrossRef Nishioka T, Shirato H, Arimoto T, Kaneko M, Kitahara T, Oomori K, Yasuda M, Fukuda S, Inuyama Y, Miyasaka K (1997) Reduction of radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using CT simulation with laser patient marking and three-field irradiation technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 38:705–712PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Someya M, Sakata K, Nagakura H, Nakata K, Oouchi A, Hareyama M (2003) The changes in irradiated salivary gland function of patients with head and neck tumors treated with radiotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 33:336–340PubMedCrossRef Someya M, Sakata K, Nagakura H, Nakata K, Oouchi A, Hareyama M (2003) The changes in irradiated salivary gland function of patients with head and neck tumors treated with radiotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 33:336–340PubMedCrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Roh JL, Kim AY, Cho MJ (2005) Xerostomia following radiotherapy of the head and neck affects vocal function. J Clin Oncol 23:3016–3023PubMedCrossRef Roh JL, Kim AY, Cho MJ (2005) Xerostomia following radiotherapy of the head and neck affects vocal function. J Clin Oncol 23:3016–3023PubMedCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu Y, Hu WH, Xia YF, Ma J, Liu MZ, Cui NJ (2007) Quality of life of nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors in Mainland China. Qual Life Res 16:65–74PubMedCrossRef Wu Y, Hu WH, Xia YF, Ma J, Liu MZ, Cui NJ (2007) Quality of life of nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors in Mainland China. Qual Life Res 16:65–74PubMedCrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Marunick MT, Seyedsadr M, Ahmad K, Klein B (1991) The effect of head and neck cancer treatment on whole salivary flow. J Surg Oncol 48:81–86PubMedCrossRef Marunick MT, Seyedsadr M, Ahmad K, Klein B (1991) The effect of head and neck cancer treatment on whole salivary flow. J Surg Oncol 48:81–86PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat de Graeff A, De L Jr, Ros WJ, Hordijk GJ, Blijham GH, Winnubst JA (2000) Long-term quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 110:98–106PubMedCrossRef de Graeff A, De L Jr, Ros WJ, Hordijk GJ, Blijham GH, Winnubst JA (2000) Long-term quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 110:98–106PubMedCrossRef
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhalavat RL, Pathak KA, Mahantshetty U, Jamema SV (2007) Brachytherapy boost: a novel approach for epiglottic carcinoma. Brachytherapy 6:212–217PubMedCrossRef Bhalavat RL, Pathak KA, Mahantshetty U, Jamema SV (2007) Brachytherapy boost: a novel approach for epiglottic carcinoma. Brachytherapy 6:212–217PubMedCrossRef
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Boscolo-Rizzo P, Maronato F, Marchiori C, Gava A, Da Mosto MC (2008) Long-term quality of life after total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal preservation. Laryngoscope 118:300–306PubMedCrossRef Boscolo-Rizzo P, Maronato F, Marchiori C, Gava A, Da Mosto MC (2008) Long-term quality of life after total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal preservation. Laryngoscope 118:300–306PubMedCrossRef
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Spak CJ, Johnson G, Ekstrand J (1994) Caries incidence, salivary flow rate and efficacy of fluoride gel treatment in irradiated patients. Caries Res 28:388–393PubMedCrossRef Spak CJ, Johnson G, Ekstrand J (1994) Caries incidence, salivary flow rate and efficacy of fluoride gel treatment in irradiated patients. Caries Res 28:388–393PubMedCrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein JB, Chin EA, Jacobson JJ, Rishiraj B, Le N (1998) The relationships among fluoride, cariogenic oral flora, and salivary flow rate during radiation therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 86:286–292PubMedCrossRef Epstein JB, Chin EA, Jacobson JJ, Rishiraj B, Le N (1998) The relationships among fluoride, cariogenic oral flora, and salivary flow rate during radiation therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 86:286–292PubMedCrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Dawes C, Odlum O (2004) Salivary status in patients treated for head and neck cancer. J Can Dent Assoc 70:397–400PubMed Dawes C, Odlum O (2004) Salivary status in patients treated for head and neck cancer. J Can Dent Assoc 70:397–400PubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Eliasson L, Almstahl A, Lingstrom P, Wikstrom M, Carlen A (2005) Minor gland saliva flow rate and proteins in subjects with hyposalivation due to Sjogren's syndrome and radiation therapy. Arch Oral Biol 50:293–299PubMedCrossRef Eliasson L, Almstahl A, Lingstrom P, Wikstrom M, Carlen A (2005) Minor gland saliva flow rate and proteins in subjects with hyposalivation due to Sjogren's syndrome and radiation therapy. Arch Oral Biol 50:293–299PubMedCrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Almstahl A, Wikstrom M, Fagerberg-Mohlin B (2008) Microflora in oral ecosystems in subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation. Oral Dis 14:541–549PubMedCrossRef Almstahl A, Wikstrom M, Fagerberg-Mohlin B (2008) Microflora in oral ecosystems in subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation. Oral Dis 14:541–549PubMedCrossRef
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Chambers MS, Tomsett KL, Artopoulou II, Garden AS, El-Naggar AK, Martin JW, Keene HJ (2008) Salivary flow rates measured during radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients: a pilot study assessing salivary sediment formation. J Prosthet Dent 100:142–146PubMedCrossRef Chambers MS, Tomsett KL, Artopoulou II, Garden AS, El-Naggar AK, Martin JW, Keene HJ (2008) Salivary flow rates measured during radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients: a pilot study assessing salivary sediment formation. J Prosthet Dent 100:142–146PubMedCrossRef
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu RP, Fleming TJ, Toth BB, Keene HJ (1990) Salivary flow rates in patients with head and neck cancer 0.5 to 25 years after radiotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 70:724–729PubMedCrossRef Liu RP, Fleming TJ, Toth BB, Keene HJ (1990) Salivary flow rates in patients with head and neck cancer 0.5 to 25 years after radiotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 70:724–729PubMedCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Markitziu A, Zafiropoulos G, Tsalikis L, Cohen L (1992) Gingival health and salivary function in head and neck-irradiated patients. A five-year follow-up. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:427–433PubMedCrossRef Markitziu A, Zafiropoulos G, Tsalikis L, Cohen L (1992) Gingival health and salivary function in head and neck-irradiated patients. A five-year follow-up. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:427–433PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Valdez IH, Atkinson JC, Ship JA, Fox PC (1993) Major salivary gland function in patients with radiation-induced xerostomia: flow rates and sialochemistry. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 25:41–47PubMed Valdez IH, Atkinson JC, Ship JA, Fox PC (1993) Major salivary gland function in patients with radiation-induced xerostomia: flow rates and sialochemistry. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 25:41–47PubMed
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Battermann JJ, Hordijk GJ, Terhaard CH (2001) Quantitative dose-volume response analysis of changes in parotid gland function after radiotherapy in the head-and-neck region. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 51:938–946PubMed Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Battermann JJ, Hordijk GJ, Terhaard CH (2001) Quantitative dose-volume response analysis of changes in parotid gland function after radiotherapy in the head-and-neck region. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 51:938–946PubMed
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Beer KT, Zehnder D, Lussi A, Greiner RH (2002) Sparing of contralateral major salivary glands has a significant effect on oral health in patients treated with radical radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. Strahlenther Onkol 178:722–726PubMedCrossRef Beer KT, Zehnder D, Lussi A, Greiner RH (2002) Sparing of contralateral major salivary glands has a significant effect on oral health in patients treated with radical radiotherapy of head and neck tumors. Strahlenther Onkol 178:722–726PubMedCrossRef
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Jen YM, Lin YC, Wang YB, Wu DM (2006) Dramatic and prolonged decrease of whole salivary secretion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 101:322–327PubMedCrossRef Jen YM, Lin YC, Wang YB, Wu DM (2006) Dramatic and prolonged decrease of whole salivary secretion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 101:322–327PubMedCrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen K, Overgaard M, Grau C (2007) Morbidity after ipsilateral radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer. Radiother Oncol 85:90–97PubMedCrossRef Jensen K, Overgaard M, Grau C (2007) Morbidity after ipsilateral radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer. Radiother Oncol 85:90–97PubMedCrossRef
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein JB, Gorsky M, Guglietta A, Le N, Sonis ST (2000) The correlation between epidermal growth factor levels in saliva and the severity of oral mucositis during oropharyngeal radiation therapy. Cancer 89:2258–2265PubMedCrossRef Epstein JB, Gorsky M, Guglietta A, Le N, Sonis ST (2000) The correlation between epidermal growth factor levels in saliva and the severity of oral mucositis during oropharyngeal radiation therapy. Cancer 89:2258–2265PubMedCrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Burlage FR, Coppes RP, Meertens H, Stokman MA, Vissink A (2001) Parotid and submandibular/sublingual salivary flow during high dose radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 61:271–274PubMedCrossRef Burlage FR, Coppes RP, Meertens H, Stokman MA, Vissink A (2001) Parotid and submandibular/sublingual salivary flow during high dose radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 61:271–274PubMedCrossRef
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Paulino AC, Simon JH, Zhen W, Wen BC (2000) Long-term effects in children treated with radiotherapy for head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:1489–1495PubMed Paulino AC, Simon JH, Zhen W, Wen BC (2000) Long-term effects in children treated with radiotherapy for head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:1489–1495PubMed
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Bieri S, Bentzen SM, Huguenin P, Allal AS, Cozzi L, Landmann C, Monney M, Bernier J (2003) Early morbidity after radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer. Experience from four nonrandomized studies. Strahlenther Onkol 179:390–395PubMed Bieri S, Bentzen SM, Huguenin P, Allal AS, Cozzi L, Landmann C, Monney M, Bernier J (2003) Early morbidity after radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer. Experience from four nonrandomized studies. Strahlenther Onkol 179:390–395PubMed
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Denis F, Garaud P, Bardet E, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Germain T, Bergerot P, Rhein B, Tortochaux J, Oudinot P, Calais G (2003) Late toxicity results of the GORTEC 94-01 randomized trial comparing radiotherapy with concomitant radiochemotherapy for advanced-stage oropharynx carcinoma: comparison of LENT/SOMA, RTOG/EORTC, and NCI-CTC scoring systems. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:93–98PubMedCrossRef Denis F, Garaud P, Bardet E, Alfonsi M, Sire C, Germain T, Bergerot P, Rhein B, Tortochaux J, Oudinot P, Calais G (2003) Late toxicity results of the GORTEC 94-01 randomized trial comparing radiotherapy with concomitant radiochemotherapy for advanced-stage oropharynx carcinoma: comparison of LENT/SOMA, RTOG/EORTC, and NCI-CTC scoring systems. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:93–98PubMedCrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Olmi P, Crispino S, Fallai C, Torri V, Rossi F, Bolner A, Amichetti M, Signor M, Taino R, Squadrelli M, Colombo A, Ardizzoia A, Ponticelli P, Franchin G, Minatel E, Gobitti C, Atzeni G, Gava A, Flann M, Marsoni S (2003) Locoregionally advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx: conventional radiotherapy vs. accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy vs. concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy—a multicenter randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:78–92PubMedCrossRef Olmi P, Crispino S, Fallai C, Torri V, Rossi F, Bolner A, Amichetti M, Signor M, Taino R, Squadrelli M, Colombo A, Ardizzoia A, Ponticelli P, Franchin G, Minatel E, Gobitti C, Atzeni G, Gava A, Flann M, Marsoni S (2003) Locoregionally advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx: conventional radiotherapy vs. accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy vs. concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy—a multicenter randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:78–92PubMedCrossRef
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanna E, Sherman A, Cash D, Adams D, Vural E, Fan CY, Suen JY (2004) Quality of life for patients following total laryngectomy vs chemoradiation for laryngeal preservation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130:875–879PubMedCrossRef Hanna E, Sherman A, Cash D, Adams D, Vural E, Fan CY, Suen JY (2004) Quality of life for patients following total laryngectomy vs chemoradiation for laryngeal preservation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130:875–879PubMedCrossRef
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Fallai C, Bolner A, Signor M, Gava A, Franchin G, Ponticelli P, Taino R, Rossi F, Ardizzoia A, Oggionni M, Crispino S, Olmi P (2006) Long-term results of conventional radiotherapy versus accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy versus concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx. Tumori 92:41–54PubMed Fallai C, Bolner A, Signor M, Gava A, Franchin G, Ponticelli P, Taino R, Rossi F, Ardizzoia A, Oggionni M, Crispino S, Olmi P (2006) Long-term results of conventional radiotherapy versus accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy versus concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx. Tumori 92:41–54PubMed
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Palazzi M, Tomatis S, Orlandi E, Guzzo M, Sangalli C, Potepan P, Fantini S, Bergamini C, Gavazzi C, Licitra L, Scaramellini G, Cantu' G, Olmi P (2008) Effects of treatment intensification on acute local toxicity during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: prospective observational study validating CTCAE, version 3.0, scoring system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70:330–337PubMed Palazzi M, Tomatis S, Orlandi E, Guzzo M, Sangalli C, Potepan P, Fantini S, Bergamini C, Gavazzi C, Licitra L, Scaramellini G, Cantu' G, Olmi P (2008) Effects of treatment intensification on acute local toxicity during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: prospective observational study validating CTCAE, version 3.0, scoring system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70:330–337PubMed
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Eisbruch A, Ship JA, Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, Marsh LH, Wolf GT, Esclamado RM, Bradford CR, Terrell JE, Gebarski SS, Lichter AS (1996) Parotid gland sparing in patients undergoing bilateral head and neck irradiation: techniques and early results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 36:469–480PubMedCrossRef Eisbruch A, Ship JA, Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, Marsh LH, Wolf GT, Esclamado RM, Bradford CR, Terrell JE, Gebarski SS, Lichter AS (1996) Parotid gland sparing in patients undergoing bilateral head and neck irradiation: techniques and early results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 36:469–480PubMedCrossRef
96.
Zurück zum Zitat D'Hondt E, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (1998) The influence of pre-radiation salivary flow rates and radiation dose on parotid salivary gland dysfunction in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Spec Care Dentist 18:102–108PubMedCrossRef D'Hondt E, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (1998) The influence of pre-radiation salivary flow rates and radiation dose on parotid salivary gland dysfunction in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Spec Care Dentist 18:102–108PubMedCrossRef
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Henson BS, Eisbruch A, D'Hondt E, Ship JA (1999) Two-year longitudinal study of parotid salivary flow rates in head and neck cancer patients receiving unilateral neck parotid-sparing radiotherapy treatment. Oral Oncol 35:234–241PubMedCrossRef Henson BS, Eisbruch A, D'Hondt E, Ship JA (1999) Two-year longitudinal study of parotid salivary flow rates in head and neck cancer patients receiving unilateral neck parotid-sparing radiotherapy treatment. Oral Oncol 35:234–241PubMedCrossRef
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Henson BS, Inglehart MR, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (2001) Preserved salivary output and xerostomia-related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 37:84–93PubMedCrossRef Henson BS, Inglehart MR, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (2001) Preserved salivary output and xerostomia-related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 37:84–93PubMedCrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Maes A, Weltens C, Flamen P, Lambin P, Bogaerts R, Liu X, Baetens J, Hermans R, Van den BW (2002) Preservation of parotid function with uncomplicated conformal radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 63:203–211PubMedCrossRef Maes A, Weltens C, Flamen P, Lambin P, Bogaerts R, Liu X, Baetens J, Hermans R, Van den BW (2002) Preservation of parotid function with uncomplicated conformal radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 63:203–211PubMedCrossRef
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Malouf JG, Aragon C, Henson BS, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (2003) Influence of parotid-sparing radiotherapy on xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients. Cancer Detect Prev 27:305–310PubMedCrossRef Malouf JG, Aragon C, Henson BS, Eisbruch A, Ship JA (2003) Influence of parotid-sparing radiotherapy on xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients. Cancer Detect Prev 27:305–310PubMedCrossRef
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Braam PM, Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Raaijmakers CP, Schipper M, Terhaard CH (2005) Long-term parotid gland function after radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:659–664PubMed Braam PM, Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Raaijmakers CP, Schipper M, Terhaard CH (2005) Long-term parotid gland function after radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:659–664PubMed
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Braaksma MM, Wijers OB, van Sornsen de Koste JR, van der Est H, Schmitz PI, Nowak PJ, Levendag PC (2003) Optimisation of conformal radiation therapy by intensity modulation: cancer of the larynx and salivary gland function. Radiother Oncol 66:291–302PubMedCrossRef Braaksma MM, Wijers OB, van Sornsen de Koste JR, van der Est H, Schmitz PI, Nowak PJ, Levendag PC (2003) Optimisation of conformal radiation therapy by intensity modulation: cancer of the larynx and salivary gland function. Radiother Oncol 66:291–302PubMedCrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Ng MK, Porceddu SV, Milner AD, Corry J, Hornby C, Hope G, Rischin D, Peters LJ (2005) Parotid-sparing radiotherapy: does it really reduce xerostomia? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 17:610–617 Ng MK, Porceddu SV, Milner AD, Corry J, Hornby C, Hope G, Rischin D, Peters LJ (2005) Parotid-sparing radiotherapy: does it really reduce xerostomia? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 17:610–617
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Jen YM, Shih R, Lin YS, Su WF, Ku CH, Chang CS, Shueng PW, Hwang JM, Liu DW, Chao HL, Lin HY, Chang LP, Shum WY, Lin CS (2005) Parotid gland-sparing 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy results in less severe dry mouth in nasopharyngeal cancer patients: a dosimetric and clinical comparison with conventional radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 75:204–209PubMedCrossRef Jen YM, Shih R, Lin YS, Su WF, Ku CH, Chang CS, Shueng PW, Hwang JM, Liu DW, Chao HL, Lin HY, Chang LP, Shum WY, Lin CS (2005) Parotid gland-sparing 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy results in less severe dry mouth in nasopharyngeal cancer patients: a dosimetric and clinical comparison with conventional radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 75:204–209PubMedCrossRef
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Langendijk JA, Doornaert P, Verdonck-de Leeuw IM, Leemans CR, Aaronson NK, Slotman BJ (2008) Impact of late treatment-related toxicity on quality of life among patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 26:3770–3776PubMedCrossRef Langendijk JA, Doornaert P, Verdonck-de Leeuw IM, Leemans CR, Aaronson NK, Slotman BJ (2008) Impact of late treatment-related toxicity on quality of life among patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 26:3770–3776PubMedCrossRef
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Rades D, Stoehr M, Meyners T, Bohlen G, Nadrowitz R, Dunst J, Schild SE, Wroblewski J, Albers D, Schmidt R, Alberti W, Tribius S (2008) Evaluation of prognostic factors and two radiation techniques in patients treated with surgery followed by radio(chemo)therapy or definitive radio(chemo)therapy for locally advanced head-and-neck cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 184:198–205PubMedCrossRef Rades D, Stoehr M, Meyners T, Bohlen G, Nadrowitz R, Dunst J, Schild SE, Wroblewski J, Albers D, Schmidt R, Alberti W, Tribius S (2008) Evaluation of prognostic factors and two radiation techniques in patients treated with surgery followed by radio(chemo)therapy or definitive radio(chemo)therapy for locally advanced head-and-neck cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 184:198–205PubMedCrossRef
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Portaluri M, Fucilli FI, Castagna R, Bambace S, Pili G, Tramacere F, Russo D, Francavilla MC (2006) Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for locally advanced (Stage II and worse) head-and-neck cancer: dosimetric and clinical evaluation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:1036–1043PubMed Portaluri M, Fucilli FI, Castagna R, Bambace S, Pili G, Tramacere F, Russo D, Francavilla MC (2006) Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for locally advanced (Stage II and worse) head-and-neck cancer: dosimetric and clinical evaluation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:1036–1043PubMed
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Jellema AP, Slotman BJ, Doornaert P, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2007) Unilateral versus bilateral irradiation in squamous cell head and neck cancer in relation to patient-rated xerostomia and sticky saliva. Radiother Oncol 85:83–89PubMedCrossRef Jellema AP, Slotman BJ, Doornaert P, Leemans CR, Langendijk JA (2007) Unilateral versus bilateral irradiation in squamous cell head and neck cancer in relation to patient-rated xerostomia and sticky saliva. Radiother Oncol 85:83–89PubMedCrossRef
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Louis CU, Paulino AC, Gottschalk S, Bertuch AA, Chintagumpala M, Heslop HE, Russell HV (2007) A single institution experience with pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma: high incidence of toxicity associated with platinum-based chemotherapy plus IMRT. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 29:500–505PubMedCrossRef Louis CU, Paulino AC, Gottschalk S, Bertuch AA, Chintagumpala M, Heslop HE, Russell HV (2007) A single institution experience with pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma: high incidence of toxicity associated with platinum-based chemotherapy plus IMRT. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 29:500–505PubMedCrossRef
110.
Zurück zum Zitat Pow EH, Kwong DL, McMillan AS, Wong MC, Sham JS, Leung LH, Leung WK (2006) Xerostomia and quality of life after intensity-modulated radiotherapy vs. conventional radiotherapy for early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: initial report on a randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:981–991PubMed Pow EH, Kwong DL, McMillan AS, Wong MC, Sham JS, Leung LH, Leung WK (2006) Xerostomia and quality of life after intensity-modulated radiotherapy vs. conventional radiotherapy for early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: initial report on a randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:981–991PubMed
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Kam MK, Leung SF, Zee B, Chau RM, Suen JJ, Mo F, Lai M, Ho R, Cheung KY, Yu BK, Chiu SK, Choi PH, Teo PM, Kwan WH, Chan AT (2007) Prospective randomized study of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on salivary gland function in early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. J Clin Oncol 25:4873–4879PubMedCrossRef Kam MK, Leung SF, Zee B, Chau RM, Suen JJ, Mo F, Lai M, Ho R, Cheung KY, Yu BK, Chiu SK, Choi PH, Teo PM, Kwan WH, Chan AT (2007) Prospective randomized study of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on salivary gland function in early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. J Clin Oncol 25:4873–4879PubMedCrossRef
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Chao KS, Deasy JO, Markman J, Haynie J, Perez CA, Purdy JA, Low DA (2001) A prospective study of salivary function sparing in patients with head-and-neck cancers receiving intensity-modulated or three-dimensional radiation therapy: initial results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 49:907–916PubMed Chao KS, Deasy JO, Markman J, Haynie J, Perez CA, Purdy JA, Low DA (2001) A prospective study of salivary function sparing in patients with head-and-neck cancers receiving intensity-modulated or three-dimensional radiation therapy: initial results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 49:907–916PubMed
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Eisbruch A, Kim HM, Terrell JE, Marsh LH, Dawson LA, Ship JA (2001) Xerostomia and its predictors following parotid-sparing irradiation of head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 50:695–704PubMed Eisbruch A, Kim HM, Terrell JE, Marsh LH, Dawson LA, Ship JA (2001) Xerostomia and its predictors following parotid-sparing irradiation of head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 50:695–704PubMed
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Munter MW, Hoffner S, Hof H, Herfarth KK, Haberkorn U, Rudat V, Huber P, Debus J, Karger CP (2007) Changes in salivary gland function after radiotherapy of head and neck tumors measured by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy: comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and conventional radiation therapy with and without Amifostine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:651–659PubMed Munter MW, Hoffner S, Hof H, Herfarth KK, Haberkorn U, Rudat V, Huber P, Debus J, Karger CP (2007) Changes in salivary gland function after radiotherapy of head and neck tumors measured by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy: comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and conventional radiation therapy with and without Amifostine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:651–659PubMed
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Eisbruch A, Ten Haken RK, Kim HM, Marsh LH, Ship JA (1999) Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity-modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:577–587PubMed Eisbruch A, Ten Haken RK, Kim HM, Marsh LH, Ship JA (1999) Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity-modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:577–587PubMed
116.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin A, Kim HM, Terrell JE, Dawson LA, Ship JA, Eisbruch A (2003) Quality of life after parotid-sparing IMRT for head-and-neck cancer: a prospective longitudinal study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 57:61–70PubMed Lin A, Kim HM, Terrell JE, Dawson LA, Ship JA, Eisbruch A (2003) Quality of life after parotid-sparing IMRT for head-and-neck cancer: a prospective longitudinal study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 57:61–70PubMed
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Blanco AI, Chao KS, El Naqa I, Franklin GE, Zakarian K, Vicic M, Deasy JO (2005) Dose-volume modeling of salivary function in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:1055–1069PubMed Blanco AI, Chao KS, El Naqa I, Franklin GE, Zakarian K, Vicic M, Deasy JO (2005) Dose-volume modeling of salivary function in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:1055–1069PubMed
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Saarilahti K, Kouri M, Collan J, Hamalainen T, Atula T, Joensuu H, Tenhunen M (2005) Intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: evidence for preserved salivary gland function. Radiother Oncol 74:251–258PubMedCrossRef Saarilahti K, Kouri M, Collan J, Hamalainen T, Atula T, Joensuu H, Tenhunen M (2005) Intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: evidence for preserved salivary gland function. Radiother Oncol 74:251–258PubMedCrossRef
119.
Zurück zum Zitat de Arruda FF, Puri DR, Zhung J, Narayana A, Wolden S, Hunt M, Stambuk H, Pfister D, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah J, Lee NY (2006) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:363–373PubMed de Arruda FF, Puri DR, Zhung J, Narayana A, Wolden S, Hunt M, Stambuk H, Pfister D, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah J, Lee NY (2006) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:363–373PubMed
120.
Zurück zum Zitat Hsiung CY, Ting HM, Huang HY, Lee CH, Huang EY, Hsu HC (2006) Parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: preserved parotid function after IMRT on quantitative salivary scintigraphy, and comparison with historical data after conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:454–461PubMed Hsiung CY, Ting HM, Huang HY, Lee CH, Huang EY, Hsu HC (2006) Parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: preserved parotid function after IMRT on quantitative salivary scintigraphy, and comparison with historical data after conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:454–461PubMed
121.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu WS, Lee SP, Lee JK, Su MC, Chen GD, Lee HS, Lee H (2006) Factors influencing the parotid function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 36:626–631PubMedCrossRef Liu WS, Lee SP, Lee JK, Su MC, Chen GD, Lee HS, Lee H (2006) Factors influencing the parotid function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 36:626–631PubMedCrossRef
122.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu WS, Kuo HC, Lin JC, Su MC, Lee JK, Chou MJ, Chou MC, Lee H (2006) Assessment of salivary function change in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Cancer J 12:494–500PubMedCrossRef Liu WS, Kuo HC, Lin JC, Su MC, Lee JK, Chou MJ, Chou MC, Lee H (2006) Assessment of salivary function change in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by parotid-sparing radiotherapy. Cancer J 12:494–500PubMedCrossRef
123.
Zurück zum Zitat Li Y, Taylor JM, Ten Haken RK, Eisbruch A (2007) The impact of dose on parotid salivary recovery in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:660–669PubMed Li Y, Taylor JM, Ten Haken RK, Eisbruch A (2007) The impact of dose on parotid salivary recovery in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:660–669PubMed
124.
Zurück zum Zitat Munter MW, Karger CP, Hoffner SG, Hof H, Thilmann C, Rudat V, Nill S, Wannenmacher M, Debus J (2004) Evaluation of salivary gland function after treatment of head-and-neck tumors with intensity-modulated radiotherapy by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:175–184PubMedCrossRef Munter MW, Karger CP, Hoffner SG, Hof H, Thilmann C, Rudat V, Nill S, Wannenmacher M, Debus J (2004) Evaluation of salivary gland function after treatment of head-and-neck tumors with intensity-modulated radiotherapy by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:175–184PubMedCrossRef
125.
Zurück zum Zitat Dijkema T, Raaijmakers CPJ, Ten Haken RK, Roesink JM, Braam PM, Houweling AC, Moerland MA, Eisbruch A, Teerhard CHJ (2010) Parotid gland function after radiotherapy: the combined Michigan and Utrecht experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (in press) doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1708 Dijkema T, Raaijmakers CPJ, Ten Haken RK, Roesink JM, Braam PM, Houweling AC, Moerland MA, Eisbruch A, Teerhard CHJ (2010) Parotid gland function after radiotherapy: the combined Michigan and Utrecht experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (in press) doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1708
126.
Zurück zum Zitat Chao KS, Majhail N, Huang CJ, Simpson JR, Perez CA, Haughey B, Spector G (2001) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy reduces late salivary toxicity without compromising tumor control in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma: a comparison with conventional techniques. Radiother Oncol 61:275–280PubMedCrossRef Chao KS, Majhail N, Huang CJ, Simpson JR, Perez CA, Haughey B, Spector G (2001) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy reduces late salivary toxicity without compromising tumor control in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma: a comparison with conventional techniques. Radiother Oncol 61:275–280PubMedCrossRef
127.
Zurück zum Zitat Amosson CM, Teh BS, Van TJ, Uy N, Huang E, Mai WY, Frolov A, Woo SY, Chiu JK, Carpenter LS, Lu HH, Grant WH III, Butler EB (2003) Dosimetric predictors of xerostomia for head-and-neck cancer patients treated with the smart (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 56:136–144PubMed Amosson CM, Teh BS, Van TJ, Uy N, Huang E, Mai WY, Frolov A, Woo SY, Chiu JK, Carpenter LS, Lu HH, Grant WH III, Butler EB (2003) Dosimetric predictors of xerostomia for head-and-neck cancer patients treated with the smart (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 56:136–144PubMed
128.
Zurück zum Zitat Chao KS, Ozyigit G, Blanco AI, Thorstad WL, Deasy JO, Haughey BH, Spector GJ, Sessions DG (2004) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma: impact of tumor volume. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59:43–50PubMed Chao KS, Ozyigit G, Blanco AI, Thorstad WL, Deasy JO, Haughey BH, Spector GJ, Sessions DG (2004) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma: impact of tumor volume. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59:43–50PubMed
129.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu TX, Mai WY, Teh BS, Zhao C, Han F, Huang Y, Deng XW, Lu LX, Huang SM, Zeng ZF, Lin CG, Lu HH, Chiu JK, Carpenter LS, Grant WH III, Woo SY, Cui NJ, Butler EB (2004) Initial experience using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:682–687PubMed Lu TX, Mai WY, Teh BS, Zhao C, Han F, Huang Y, Deng XW, Lu LX, Huang SM, Zeng ZF, Lin CG, Lu HH, Chiu JK, Carpenter LS, Grant WH III, Woo SY, Cui NJ, Butler EB (2004) Initial experience using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:682–687PubMed
130.
Zurück zum Zitat Jabbari S, Kim HM, Feng M, Lin A, Tsien C, Elshaikh M, Terrel JE, Murdoch-Kinch C, Eisbruch A (2005) Matched case–control study of quality of life and xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiotherapy or standard radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: initial report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:725–731PubMed Jabbari S, Kim HM, Feng M, Lin A, Tsien C, Elshaikh M, Terrel JE, Murdoch-Kinch C, Eisbruch A (2005) Matched case–control study of quality of life and xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiotherapy or standard radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: initial report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:725–731PubMed
131.
Zurück zum Zitat Nishimura Y, Nakamatsu K, Shibata T, Kanamori S, Koike R, Okumura M, Suzuki M (2005) Importance of the initial volume of parotid glands in xerostomia for patients with head and neck cancers treated with IMRT. Jpn J Clin Oncol 35:375–379PubMedCrossRef Nishimura Y, Nakamatsu K, Shibata T, Kanamori S, Koike R, Okumura M, Suzuki M (2005) Importance of the initial volume of parotid glands in xerostomia for patients with head and neck cancers treated with IMRT. Jpn J Clin Oncol 35:375–379PubMedCrossRef
132.
Zurück zum Zitat Pacholke HD, Amdur RJ, Morris CG, Li JG, Dempsey JF, Hinerman RW, Mendenhall WM (2005) Late xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiation therapy versus conventional radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol 28:351–358PubMedCrossRef Pacholke HD, Amdur RJ, Morris CG, Li JG, Dempsey JF, Hinerman RW, Mendenhall WM (2005) Late xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiation therapy versus conventional radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol 28:351–358PubMedCrossRef
133.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenbluth BD, Serrano V, Happersett L, Shaha AR, Tuttle RM, Narayana A, Wolden SL, Rosenzweig KE, Chong LM, Lee NY (2005) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of nonanaplastic thyroid cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:1419–1426PubMedCrossRef Rosenbluth BD, Serrano V, Happersett L, Shaha AR, Tuttle RM, Narayana A, Wolden SL, Rosenzweig KE, Chong LM, Lee NY (2005) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of nonanaplastic thyroid cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63:1419–1426PubMedCrossRef
134.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee NY, de Arruda FF, Puri DR, Wolden SL, Narayana A, Mechalakos J, Venkatraman ES, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah JP, Pfister DG, Zelefsky MJ (2006) A comparison of intensity-modulated radiation therapy and concomitant boost radiotherapy in the setting of concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:966–974PubMed Lee NY, de Arruda FF, Puri DR, Wolden SL, Narayana A, Mechalakos J, Venkatraman ES, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah JP, Pfister DG, Zelefsky MJ (2006) A comparison of intensity-modulated radiation therapy and concomitant boost radiotherapy in the setting of concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:966–974PubMed
135.
Zurück zum Zitat Meirovitz A, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Schipper M, Pan C, Eisbruch A (2006) Grading xerostomia by physicians or by patients after intensity-modulated radiotherapy of head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:445–453PubMed Meirovitz A, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Schipper M, Pan C, Eisbruch A (2006) Grading xerostomia by physicians or by patients after intensity-modulated radiotherapy of head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66:445–453PubMed
136.
Zurück zum Zitat Nangia S, Chufal KS, Arivazhagan V, Srinivas P, Tyagi A, Ghosh D (2006) Compensator-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: our experience in achieving dosimetric parameters and their clinical correlation. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 18:485–492 Nangia S, Chufal KS, Arivazhagan V, Srinivas P, Tyagi A, Ghosh D (2006) Compensator-based intensity-modulated radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: our experience in achieving dosimetric parameters and their clinical correlation. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 18:485–492
137.
Zurück zum Zitat Vosmik M, Odrazka K, Dolezel M, Vaculikova M, Kordac P, Zouhar M, Petera J, Jansa J, Zoul Z, Paluska P, Vokurka J (2006) IMRT with the use of simultaneous integrated boost in treatment of head and neck cancer: acute toxicity evaluation. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 49:167–173 Vosmik M, Odrazka K, Dolezel M, Vaculikova M, Kordac P, Zouhar M, Petera J, Jansa J, Zoul Z, Paluska P, Vokurka J (2006) IMRT with the use of simultaneous integrated boost in treatment of head and neck cancer: acute toxicity evaluation. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 49:167–173
138.
Zurück zum Zitat Wendt TG, Abbasi-Senger N, Salz H, Pinquart I, Koscielny S, Przetak SM, Wiezorek T (2006) 3D-conformal-intensity modulated radiotherapy with compensators for head and neck cancer: clinical results of normal tissue sparing. Radiat Oncol 1:18PubMedCrossRef Wendt TG, Abbasi-Senger N, Salz H, Pinquart I, Koscielny S, Przetak SM, Wiezorek T (2006) 3D-conformal-intensity modulated radiotherapy with compensators for head and neck cancer: clinical results of normal tissue sparing. Radiat Oncol 1:18PubMedCrossRef
139.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolden SL, Chen WC, Pfister DG, Kraus DH, Berry SL, Zelefsky MJ (2006) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharynx cancer: update of the Memorial Sloan–Kettering experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:57–62PubMed Wolden SL, Chen WC, Pfister DG, Kraus DH, Berry SL, Zelefsky MJ (2006) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharynx cancer: update of the Memorial Sloan–Kettering experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64:57–62PubMed
140.
Zurück zum Zitat Daly ME, Lieskovsky Y, Pawlicki T, Yau J, Pinto H, Kaplan M, Fee WE, Koong A, Goffinet DR, Xing L, Le QT (2007) Evaluation of patterns of failure and subjective salivary function in patients treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 29:211–220PubMedCrossRef Daly ME, Lieskovsky Y, Pawlicki T, Yau J, Pinto H, Kaplan M, Fee WE, Koong A, Goffinet DR, Xing L, Le QT (2007) Evaluation of patterns of failure and subjective salivary function in patients treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 29:211–220PubMedCrossRef
141.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang FM, Tsai WL, Chen HC, Hsu HC, Hsiung CY, Chien CY, Ko SF (2007) Intensity-modulated or conformal radiotherapy improves the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparisons of four radiotherapy techniques. Cancer 109:313–321PubMedCrossRef Fang FM, Tsai WL, Chen HC, Hsu HC, Hsiung CY, Chien CY, Ko SF (2007) Intensity-modulated or conformal radiotherapy improves the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparisons of four radiotherapy techniques. Cancer 109:313–321PubMedCrossRef
142.
Zurück zum Zitat Graff P, Lapeyre M, Desandes E, Ortholan C, Bensadoun RJ, Alfonsi M, Maingon P, Giraud P, Bourhis J, Marchesi V, Mege A, Peiffert D (2007) Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on health-related quality of life for head and neck cancer patients: matched-pair comparison with conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:1309–1317PubMed Graff P, Lapeyre M, Desandes E, Ortholan C, Bensadoun RJ, Alfonsi M, Maingon P, Giraud P, Bourhis J, Marchesi V, Mege A, Peiffert D (2007) Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on health-related quality of life for head and neck cancer patients: matched-pair comparison with conventional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67:1309–1317PubMed
143.
Zurück zum Zitat Rades D, Fehlauer F, Wroblesky J, Albers D, Schild SE, Schmidt R (2007) Prognostic factors in head-and-neck cancer patients treated with surgery followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), 3D-conformal radiotherapy, or conventional radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 43:535–543PubMedCrossRef Rades D, Fehlauer F, Wroblesky J, Albers D, Schild SE, Schmidt R (2007) Prognostic factors in head-and-neck cancer patients treated with surgery followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), 3D-conformal radiotherapy, or conventional radiotherapy. Oral Oncol 43:535–543PubMedCrossRef
144.
Zurück zum Zitat Anand AK, Chaudhoory AR, Shukla A, Negi PS, Sinha SN, Babu AA, Munjal RK, Dewan AK, Kumar K, Doval DC, Vaid AK (2008) Favourable impact of intensity-modulated radiation therapy on chronic dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer. Br J Radiol 81:865–871PubMedCrossRef Anand AK, Chaudhoory AR, Shukla A, Negi PS, Sinha SN, Babu AA, Munjal RK, Dewan AK, Kumar K, Doval DC, Vaid AK (2008) Favourable impact of intensity-modulated radiation therapy on chronic dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer. Br J Radiol 81:865–871PubMedCrossRef
145.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang K, Xia P, Chuang C, Weinberg V, Glastonbury CM, Eisele DW, Lee NY, Yom SS, Phillips TL, Quivey JM (2008) Intensity-modulated chemoradiation for treatment of stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma: the University of California–San Francisco experience. Cancer 113:497–507PubMedCrossRef Huang K, Xia P, Chuang C, Weinberg V, Glastonbury CM, Eisele DW, Lee NY, Yom SS, Phillips TL, Quivey JM (2008) Intensity-modulated chemoradiation for treatment of stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma: the University of California–San Francisco experience. Cancer 113:497–507PubMedCrossRef
146.
Zurück zum Zitat Klem ML, Mechalakos JG, Wolden SL, Zelefsky MJ, Singh B, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah J, Pfister DG, Lee NY (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer of unknown primary: toxicity and preliminary efficacy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70:1100–1107PubMed Klem ML, Mechalakos JG, Wolden SL, Zelefsky MJ, Singh B, Kraus D, Shaha A, Shah J, Pfister DG, Lee NY (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer of unknown primary: toxicity and preliminary efficacy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70:1100–1107PubMed
147.
Zurück zum Zitat Madani I, Vakaet L, Bonte K, Boterberg T, De NW (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical lymph node metastases from unknown primary cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:1158–1166PubMed Madani I, Vakaet L, Bonte K, Boterberg T, De NW (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for cervical lymph node metastases from unknown primary cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:1158–1166PubMed
148.
Zurück zum Zitat Rusthoven KE, Raben D, Ballonoff A, Kane M, Song JI, Chen C (2008) Effect of radiation techniques in treatment of oropharynx cancer. Laryngoscope 118:635–639PubMedCrossRef Rusthoven KE, Raben D, Ballonoff A, Kane M, Song JI, Chen C (2008) Effect of radiation techniques in treatment of oropharynx cancer. Laryngoscope 118:635–639PubMedCrossRef
149.
Zurück zum Zitat Seung S, Bae J, Solhjem M, Bader S, Gannett D, Hansen EK, Louie J, Underhill K, Cha C (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer in the community setting. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 72:1075–1081PubMed Seung S, Bae J, Solhjem M, Bader S, Gannett D, Hansen EK, Louie J, Underhill K, Cha C (2008) Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer in the community setting. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 72:1075–1081PubMed
150.
Zurück zum Zitat van Rij CM, Oughlane-Heemsbergen WD, Ackerstaff AH, Lamers EA, Balm AJ, Rasch CR (2008) Parotid gland sparing IMRT for head and neck cancer improves xerostomia related quality of life. Radiat Oncol 3:41PubMedCrossRef van Rij CM, Oughlane-Heemsbergen WD, Ackerstaff AH, Lamers EA, Balm AJ, Rasch CR (2008) Parotid gland sparing IMRT for head and neck cancer improves xerostomia related quality of life. Radiat Oncol 3:41PubMedCrossRef
151.
Zurück zum Zitat Sultanem K, Shu HK, Xia P, Akazawa C, Quivey JM, Verhey LJ, Fu KK (2000) Three-dimensional intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the University of California–San Francisco experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:711–722PubMed Sultanem K, Shu HK, Xia P, Akazawa C, Quivey JM, Verhey LJ, Fu KK (2000) Three-dimensional intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the University of California–San Francisco experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:711–722PubMed
152.
Zurück zum Zitat Kam MK, Teo PM, Chau RM, Cheung KY, Choi PH, Kwan WH, Leung SF, Zee B, Chan AT (2004) Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: the Hong Kong experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60:1440–1450PubMed Kam MK, Teo PM, Chau RM, Cheung KY, Choi PH, Kwan WH, Leung SF, Zee B, Chan AT (2004) Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: the Hong Kong experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60:1440–1450PubMed
153.
Zurück zum Zitat Anand AK, Jain J, Negi PS, Chaudhoory AR, Sinha SN, Choudhury PS, Kumar R, Munjal RK (2006) Can dose reduction to one parotid gland prevent xerostomia?—A feasibility study for locally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 18:497–504 Anand AK, Jain J, Negi PS, Chaudhoory AR, Sinha SN, Choudhury PS, Kumar R, Munjal RK (2006) Can dose reduction to one parotid gland prevent xerostomia?—A feasibility study for locally advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 18:497–504
154.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee NY, O’Meara W, Chan K, la-Bianca C, Mechalakos JG, Zhung J, Wolden SL, Narayana A, Kraus D, Shah JP, Pfister DG (2007) Concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:459–468PubMed Lee NY, O’Meara W, Chan K, la-Bianca C, Mechalakos JG, Zhung J, Wolden SL, Narayana A, Kraus D, Shah JP, Pfister DG (2007) Concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:459–468PubMed
155.
Zurück zum Zitat Saarilahti K, Kouri M, Collan J, Kangasmaki A, Atula T, Joensuu H, Tenhunen M (2006) Sparing of the submandibular glands by intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 78:270–275PubMedCrossRef Saarilahti K, Kouri M, Collan J, Kangasmaki A, Atula T, Joensuu H, Tenhunen M (2006) Sparing of the submandibular glands by intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 78:270–275PubMedCrossRef
156.
Zurück zum Zitat Murdoch-Kinch CA, Kim HM, Vineberg KA, Ship JA, Eisbruch A (2008) Dose-effect relationships for the submandibular salivary glands and implications for their sparing by intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 72:373–382PubMed Murdoch-Kinch CA, Kim HM, Vineberg KA, Ship JA, Eisbruch A (2008) Dose-effect relationships for the submandibular salivary glands and implications for their sparing by intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 72:373–382PubMed
157.
Zurück zum Zitat Alexander C, Bader JB, Schaefer A, Finke C, Kirsch CM (1998) Intermediate and long-term side effects of high-dose radioiodine therapy for thyroid carcinoma. J Nucl Med 39:1551–1554PubMed Alexander C, Bader JB, Schaefer A, Finke C, Kirsch CM (1998) Intermediate and long-term side effects of high-dose radioiodine therapy for thyroid carcinoma. J Nucl Med 39:1551–1554PubMed
158.
Zurück zum Zitat Solans R, Bosch JA, Galofre P, Porta F, Rosello J, Selva-O'Callagan A, Vilardell M (2001) Salivary and lacrimal gland dysfunction (sicca syndrome) after radioiodine therapy. J Nucl Med 42:738–743PubMed Solans R, Bosch JA, Galofre P, Porta F, Rosello J, Selva-O'Callagan A, Vilardell M (2001) Salivary and lacrimal gland dysfunction (sicca syndrome) after radioiodine therapy. J Nucl Med 42:738–743PubMed
159.
Zurück zum Zitat Mendoza A, Shaffer B, Karakla D, Mason ME, Elkins D, Goffman TE (2004) Quality of life with well-differentiated thyroid cancer: treatment toxicities and their reduction. Thyroid 14:133–140PubMedCrossRef Mendoza A, Shaffer B, Karakla D, Mason ME, Elkins D, Goffman TE (2004) Quality of life with well-differentiated thyroid cancer: treatment toxicities and their reduction. Thyroid 14:133–140PubMedCrossRef
160.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim JW, Han GS, Lee SH, Lee DY, Kim YM (2007) Sialoendoscopic treatment for radioiodine induced sialadenitis. Laryngoscope 117:133–136PubMedCrossRef Kim JW, Han GS, Lee SH, Lee DY, Kim YM (2007) Sialoendoscopic treatment for radioiodine induced sialadenitis. Laryngoscope 117:133–136PubMedCrossRef
161.
Zurück zum Zitat Hyer S, Kong A, Pratt B, Harmer C (2007) Salivary gland toxicity after radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 19:83–86 Hyer S, Kong A, Pratt B, Harmer C (2007) Salivary gland toxicity after radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 19:83–86
162.
Zurück zum Zitat Walter MA, Turtschi CP, Schindler C, Minnig P, Muller-Brand J, Muller B (2007) The dental safety profile of high-dose radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer: long-term results of a longitudinal cohort study. J Nucl Med 48:1620–1625PubMedCrossRef Walter MA, Turtschi CP, Schindler C, Minnig P, Muller-Brand J, Muller B (2007) The dental safety profile of high-dose radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer: long-term results of a longitudinal cohort study. J Nucl Med 48:1620–1625PubMedCrossRef
163.
Zurück zum Zitat Caglar M, Tuncel M, Alpar R (2002) Scintigraphic evaluation of salivary gland dysfunction in patients with thyroid cancer after radioiodine treatment. Clin Nucl Med 27:767–771PubMedCrossRef Caglar M, Tuncel M, Alpar R (2002) Scintigraphic evaluation of salivary gland dysfunction in patients with thyroid cancer after radioiodine treatment. Clin Nucl Med 27:767–771PubMedCrossRef
164.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin WY, Shen YY, Wang SJ (1996) Short-term hazards of low-dose radioiodine ablation therapy in postsurgical thyroid cancer patients. Clin Nucl Med 21:780–782PubMedCrossRef Lin WY, Shen YY, Wang SJ (1996) Short-term hazards of low-dose radioiodine ablation therapy in postsurgical thyroid cancer patients. Clin Nucl Med 21:780–782PubMedCrossRef
165.
Zurück zum Zitat Nederfors T, Isaksson R, Mornstad H, Dahlof C (1997) Prevalence of perceived symptoms of dry mouth in an adult Swedish population—relation to age, sex and pharmacotherapy. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 25:211–216PubMedCrossRef Nederfors T, Isaksson R, Mornstad H, Dahlof C (1997) Prevalence of perceived symptoms of dry mouth in an adult Swedish population—relation to age, sex and pharmacotherapy. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 25:211–216PubMedCrossRef
166.
Zurück zum Zitat Ish-Shalom S, Durleshter L, Segal E, Nagler RM (2008) Sialochemical and oxidative analyses in radioactive I131-treated patients with thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 158:677–681PubMedCrossRef Ish-Shalom S, Durleshter L, Segal E, Nagler RM (2008) Sialochemical and oxidative analyses in radioactive I131-treated patients with thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 158:677–681PubMedCrossRef
167.
Zurück zum Zitat Laupa MS, Toth BB, Keene HJ, Sellin RV (1993) Effect of radioactive iodine therapy on salivary flow rates and oral Streptococcus mutans prevalence in patients with thyroid cancer. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 75:312–317PubMedCrossRef Laupa MS, Toth BB, Keene HJ, Sellin RV (1993) Effect of radioactive iodine therapy on salivary flow rates and oral Streptococcus mutans prevalence in patients with thyroid cancer. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 75:312–317PubMedCrossRef
168.
Zurück zum Zitat Chaillet MP, Cosset JM, Socie G, Pico JL, Grimaud E, Dubray B, Alapetite C, Girinsky T (1993) Prospective study of the clinical symptoms of therapeutic whole body irradiation. Health Phys 64:370–374PubMedCrossRef Chaillet MP, Cosset JM, Socie G, Pico JL, Grimaud E, Dubray B, Alapetite C, Girinsky T (1993) Prospective study of the clinical symptoms of therapeutic whole body irradiation. Health Phys 64:370–374PubMedCrossRef
169.
Zurück zum Zitat Buchali A, Feyer P, Groll J, Massenkeil G, Arnold R, Budach V (2000) Immediate toxicity during fractionated total body irradiation as conditioning for bone marrow transplantation. Radiother Oncol 54:157–162PubMedCrossRef Buchali A, Feyer P, Groll J, Massenkeil G, Arnold R, Budach V (2000) Immediate toxicity during fractionated total body irradiation as conditioning for bone marrow transplantation. Radiother Oncol 54:157–162PubMedCrossRef
170.
Zurück zum Zitat Bagesund M, Winiarski J, Dahllof G (2000) Subjective xerostomia in long-term surviving children and adolescents after pediatric bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 69:822–826PubMedCrossRef Bagesund M, Winiarski J, Dahllof G (2000) Subjective xerostomia in long-term surviving children and adolescents after pediatric bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 69:822–826PubMedCrossRef
171.
Zurück zum Zitat Dahllof G, Bagesund M, Ringden O (1997) Impact of conditioning regimens on salivary function, caries-associated microorganisms and dental caries in children after bone marrow transplantation. A 4-year longitudinal study. Bone Marrow Transplant 20:479–483PubMedCrossRef Dahllof G, Bagesund M, Ringden O (1997) Impact of conditioning regimens on salivary function, caries-associated microorganisms and dental caries in children after bone marrow transplantation. A 4-year longitudinal study. Bone Marrow Transplant 20:479–483PubMedCrossRef
172.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones LR, Toth BB, Keene HJ (1992) Effects of total body irradiation on salivary gland function and caries-associated oral microflora in bone marrow transplant patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:670–676PubMedCrossRef Jones LR, Toth BB, Keene HJ (1992) Effects of total body irradiation on salivary gland function and caries-associated oral microflora in bone marrow transplant patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:670–676PubMedCrossRef
173.
Zurück zum Zitat Chaushu G, Itzkovitz-Chaushu S, Yefenof E, Slavin S, Or R, Garfunkel AA (1995) A longitudinal follow-up of salivary secretion in bone marrow transplant patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 79:164–169PubMedCrossRef Chaushu G, Itzkovitz-Chaushu S, Yefenof E, Slavin S, Or R, Garfunkel AA (1995) A longitudinal follow-up of salivary secretion in bone marrow transplant patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 79:164–169PubMedCrossRef
174.
Zurück zum Zitat Dens F, Boogaerts M, Boute P, Declerck D, Demuynck H, Vinckier F, Belgium B (1996) Caries-related salivary microorganisms and salivary flow rate in bone marrow recipients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 81:38–43PubMedCrossRef Dens F, Boogaerts M, Boute P, Declerck D, Demuynck H, Vinckier F, Belgium B (1996) Caries-related salivary microorganisms and salivary flow rate in bone marrow recipients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 81:38–43PubMedCrossRef
175.
Zurück zum Zitat Coracin FL, Pizzigatti Correa ME, Camargo EE, Peterson DE, de Oliveira SA, Vigorito AC, Borba OG, de Brito Eid KA, Zulli R, De Souza CA (2006) Major salivary gland damage in allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation assessed by scintigraphic methods. Bone Marrow Transplant 37:955–959PubMedCrossRef Coracin FL, Pizzigatti Correa ME, Camargo EE, Peterson DE, de Oliveira SA, Vigorito AC, Borba OG, de Brito Eid KA, Zulli R, De Souza CA (2006) Major salivary gland damage in allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation assessed by scintigraphic methods. Bone Marrow Transplant 37:955–959PubMedCrossRef
176.
Zurück zum Zitat Bagesund M, Richter S, Agren B, Ringden O, Dahllof G (2000) Scintigraphic study of the major salivary glands in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 26:775–779PubMedCrossRef Bagesund M, Richter S, Agren B, Ringden O, Dahllof G (2000) Scintigraphic study of the major salivary glands in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 26:775–779PubMedCrossRef
177.
Zurück zum Zitat Boguslawska-Kapala A, Cackowska-Lass A, Balon J, Hellmann A, Kochanska B (2006) Saliva secretion and abnormal moistening of oral mucosa after bone marrow transplantation. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 47:1–5PubMed Boguslawska-Kapala A, Cackowska-Lass A, Balon J, Hellmann A, Kochanska B (2006) Saliva secretion and abnormal moistening of oral mucosa after bone marrow transplantation. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 47:1–5PubMed
178.
Zurück zum Zitat Dahllof G, Bagesund M, Remberger M, Ringden O (1997) Risk factors for salivary dysfunction in children 1 year after bone marrow transplantation. Oral Oncol 33:327–331PubMedCrossRef Dahllof G, Bagesund M, Remberger M, Ringden O (1997) Risk factors for salivary dysfunction in children 1 year after bone marrow transplantation. Oral Oncol 33:327–331PubMedCrossRef
179.
Zurück zum Zitat Wahlin YB (1991) Salivary secretion rate, yeast cells, and oral candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 71:689–695PubMedCrossRef Wahlin YB (1991) Salivary secretion rate, yeast cells, and oral candidiasis in patients with acute leukemia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 71:689–695PubMedCrossRef
180.
Zurück zum Zitat Bergmann OJ (1991) Alterations in oral microflora and pathogenesis of acute oral infections during remission-induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Scand J Infect Dis 23:355–366PubMedCrossRef Bergmann OJ (1991) Alterations in oral microflora and pathogenesis of acute oral infections during remission-induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Scand J Infect Dis 23:355–366PubMedCrossRef
181.
Zurück zum Zitat Mansson-Rahemtulla B, Techanitiswad T, Rahemtulla F, McMillan TO, Bradley EL, Wahlin YB (1992) Analyses of salivary components in leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:35–46PubMedCrossRef Mansson-Rahemtulla B, Techanitiswad T, Rahemtulla F, McMillan TO, Bradley EL, Wahlin YB (1992) Analyses of salivary components in leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:35–46PubMedCrossRef
182.
Zurück zum Zitat Karolewska E, Konopka T, Pupek M, Chybicka A, Mendak M (2008) Antibacterial potential of saliva in children with leukemia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 105:739–744PubMedCrossRef Karolewska E, Konopka T, Pupek M, Chybicka A, Mendak M (2008) Antibacterial potential of saliva in children with leukemia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 105:739–744PubMedCrossRef
183.
Zurück zum Zitat Harrison T, Bigler L, Tucci M, Pratt L, Malamud F, Thigpen JT, Streckfus C, Younger H (1998) Salivary sIgA concentrations and stimulated whole saliva flow rates among women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer: an exploratory study. Spec Care Dentist 18:109–112PubMedCrossRef Harrison T, Bigler L, Tucci M, Pratt L, Malamud F, Thigpen JT, Streckfus C, Younger H (1998) Salivary sIgA concentrations and stimulated whole saliva flow rates among women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer: an exploratory study. Spec Care Dentist 18:109–112PubMedCrossRef
184.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen SB, Mouridsen HT, Reibel J, Brunner N, Nauntofte B (2008) Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients induces temporary salivary gland hypofunction. Oral Oncol 44:162–173PubMedCrossRef Jensen SB, Mouridsen HT, Reibel J, Brunner N, Nauntofte B (2008) Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients induces temporary salivary gland hypofunction. Oral Oncol 44:162–173PubMedCrossRef
185.
Zurück zum Zitat Wickham RS, Rehwaldt M, Kefer C, Shott S, Abbas K, Glynn-Tucker E, Potter C, Blendowski C (1999) Taste changes experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 26:697–706PubMed Wickham RS, Rehwaldt M, Kefer C, Shott S, Abbas K, Glynn-Tucker E, Potter C, Blendowski C (1999) Taste changes experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 26:697–706PubMed
186.
Zurück zum Zitat Avsar A, Elli M, Darka O, Pinarli G (2007) Long-term effects of chemotherapy on caries formation, dental development, and salivary factors in childhood cancer survivors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 104:781–789PubMedCrossRef Avsar A, Elli M, Darka O, Pinarli G (2007) Long-term effects of chemotherapy on caries formation, dental development, and salivary factors in childhood cancer survivors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 104:781–789PubMedCrossRef
187.
Zurück zum Zitat El-Housseiny AA, Saleh SM, El-Masry AA, Allam AA (2007) Assessment of oral complications in children receiving chemotherapy. J Clin Pediatr Dent 31:267–273PubMed El-Housseiny AA, Saleh SM, El-Masry AA, Allam AA (2007) Assessment of oral complications in children receiving chemotherapy. J Clin Pediatr Dent 31:267–273PubMed
188.
Zurück zum Zitat Laine P, Meurman JH, Tenovuo J, Murtomaa H, Lindqvist C, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L (1992) Salivary flow and composition in lymphoma patients before, during and after treatment with cytostatic drugs. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 28B:125–128PubMedCrossRef Laine P, Meurman JH, Tenovuo J, Murtomaa H, Lindqvist C, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L (1992) Salivary flow and composition in lymphoma patients before, during and after treatment with cytostatic drugs. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 28B:125–128PubMedCrossRef
189.
Zurück zum Zitat Sepet E, Aytepe Z, Ozerkan AG, Yalman N, Guven Y, Anak S, Devecioglu O, Agaoglu L, Gedikoglu G (1998) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: dental health of children in maintenance therapy. J Clin Pediatr Dent 22:257–260PubMed Sepet E, Aytepe Z, Ozerkan AG, Yalman N, Guven Y, Anak S, Devecioglu O, Agaoglu L, Gedikoglu G (1998) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: dental health of children in maintenance therapy. J Clin Pediatr Dent 22:257–260PubMed
190.
Zurück zum Zitat Blomgren J, Jansson S, Rodjer S, Birkhed D (2002) Secretion rate from minor salivary glands in patients with malignant haematological diseases receiving chemotherapy—a pilot study. Swed Dent J 26:75–80PubMed Blomgren J, Jansson S, Rodjer S, Birkhed D (2002) Secretion rate from minor salivary glands in patients with malignant haematological diseases receiving chemotherapy—a pilot study. Swed Dent J 26:75–80PubMed
191.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasman M, Bjork O, Soderhall S, Ringden O, Dahllof G (1994) Disturbances in the oral cavity in pediatric long-term survivors after different forms of antineoplastic therapy. Pediatr Dent 16:217–223PubMed Nasman M, Bjork O, Soderhall S, Ringden O, Dahllof G (1994) Disturbances in the oral cavity in pediatric long-term survivors after different forms of antineoplastic therapy. Pediatr Dent 16:217–223PubMed
192.
Zurück zum Zitat Meurman JH, Laine P, Keinanen S, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L, Lindqvist C (1997) Five-year follow-up of saliva in patients treated for lymphomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 83:447–452PubMedCrossRef Meurman JH, Laine P, Keinanen S, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L, Lindqvist C (1997) Five-year follow-up of saliva in patients treated for lymphomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 83:447–452PubMedCrossRef
193.
Zurück zum Zitat Meurman JH, Laine P, Lindqvist C, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L (1994) Effect of anticancer drugs on patients with and without initially reduced saliva flow. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 30B:204–208PubMedCrossRef Meurman JH, Laine P, Lindqvist C, Pyrhonen S, Teerenhovi L (1994) Effect of anticancer drugs on patients with and without initially reduced saliva flow. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 30B:204–208PubMedCrossRef
194.
Zurück zum Zitat Marmary Y, Shiloni E, Katz J (1992) Oral changes in interleukin-2 treated patients: a preliminary report. J Oral Pathol Med 21:230–231PubMedCrossRef Marmary Y, Shiloni E, Katz J (1992) Oral changes in interleukin-2 treated patients: a preliminary report. J Oral Pathol Med 21:230–231PubMedCrossRef
195.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagler A, Nagler R, Ackerstein A, Levi S, Marmary Y (1997) Major salivary gland dysfunction in patients with hematological malignancies receiving interleukin-2-based immunotherapy post-autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT). Bone Marrow Transplant 20:575–580PubMedCrossRef Nagler A, Nagler R, Ackerstein A, Levi S, Marmary Y (1997) Major salivary gland dysfunction in patients with hematological malignancies receiving interleukin-2-based immunotherapy post-autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ABSCT). Bone Marrow Transplant 20:575–580PubMedCrossRef
196.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagler RM, Gez E, Rubinov R, Laufer D, Ben-Aryeh H, Gaitini D, Filatov M, Kuten A (2001) The effect of low-dose interleukin-2-based immunotherapy on salivary function and composition in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 46:487–493PubMedCrossRef Nagler RM, Gez E, Rubinov R, Laufer D, Ben-Aryeh H, Gaitini D, Filatov M, Kuten A (2001) The effect of low-dose interleukin-2-based immunotherapy on salivary function and composition in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 46:487–493PubMedCrossRef
197.
Zurück zum Zitat Cella DF, Cherin EA (1988) Quality of life during and after cancer treatment. Compr Ther 14:69–75PubMed Cella DF, Cherin EA (1988) Quality of life during and after cancer treatment. Compr Ther 14:69–75PubMed
198.
Zurück zum Zitat Langius A, Bjorvell H, Lind MG (1993) Oral- and pharyngeal-cancer patients' perceived symptoms and health. Cancer Nurs 16:214–221PubMed Langius A, Bjorvell H, Lind MG (1993) Oral- and pharyngeal-cancer patients' perceived symptoms and health. Cancer Nurs 16:214–221PubMed
199.
Zurück zum Zitat Wijers OB, Levendag PC, Braaksma MM, Boonzaaijer M, Visch LL, Schmitz PI (2002) Patients with head and neck cancer cured by radiation therapy: a survey of the dry mouth syndrome in long-term survivors. Head Neck 24:737–747PubMedCrossRef Wijers OB, Levendag PC, Braaksma MM, Boonzaaijer M, Visch LL, Schmitz PI (2002) Patients with head and neck cancer cured by radiation therapy: a survey of the dry mouth syndrome in long-term survivors. Head Neck 24:737–747PubMedCrossRef
200.
Zurück zum Zitat Al-Nawas B, Al-Nawas K, Kunkel M, Grotz KA (2006) Quantifying radioxerostomia: salivary flow rate, examiner's score, and quality of life questionnaire. Strahlenther Onkol 182:336–341PubMedCrossRef Al-Nawas B, Al-Nawas K, Kunkel M, Grotz KA (2006) Quantifying radioxerostomia: salivary flow rate, examiner's score, and quality of life questionnaire. Strahlenther Onkol 182:336–341PubMedCrossRef
201.
Zurück zum Zitat Allal AS, Dulguerov P, Bieri S, Lehmann W, Kurtz JM (2000) Assessment of quality of life in patients treated with accelerated radiotherapy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Head Neck 22:288–293PubMedCrossRef Allal AS, Dulguerov P, Bieri S, Lehmann W, Kurtz JM (2000) Assessment of quality of life in patients treated with accelerated radiotherapy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Head Neck 22:288–293PubMedCrossRef
202.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin SC, Jen YM, Chang YC, Lin CC (2008) Assessment of xerostomia and its impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and validation of the Taiwanese version of the xerostomia questionnaire. J Pain Symptom Manage 36:141–148PubMedCrossRef Lin SC, Jen YM, Chang YC, Lin CC (2008) Assessment of xerostomia and its impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and validation of the Taiwanese version of the xerostomia questionnaire. J Pain Symptom Manage 36:141–148PubMedCrossRef
203.
Zurück zum Zitat Eisbruch A, Rhodus N, Rosenthal D, Murphy B, Rasch C, Sonis S, Scarantino C, Brizel D (2003) How should we measure and report radiotherapy-induced xerostomia? Semin Radiat Oncol 13:226–234PubMedCrossRef Eisbruch A, Rhodus N, Rosenthal D, Murphy B, Rasch C, Sonis S, Scarantino C, Brizel D (2003) How should we measure and report radiotherapy-induced xerostomia? Semin Radiat Oncol 13:226–234PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies: prevalence, severity and impact on quality of life
verfasst von
S. B. Jensen
A. M. L. Pedersen
A. Vissink
E. Andersen
C. G. Brown
A. N. Davies
J. Dutilh
J. S. Fulton
L. Jankovic
N. N. F. Lopes
A. L. S. Mello
L. V. Muniz
C. A. Murdoch-Kinch
R. G. Nair
J. J. Napeñas
A. Nogueira-Rodrigues
D. Saunders
B. Stirling
I. von Bültzingslöwen
D. S. Weikel
L. S. Elting
F. K. L. Spijkervet
M. T. Brennan
Salivary Gland Hypofunction/Xerostomia Section, Oral Care Study Group, Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/International Society of Oral Oncology (ISOO)
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Supportive Care in Cancer / Ausgabe 8/2010
Print ISSN: 0941-4355
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-7339
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0827-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2010

Supportive Care in Cancer 8/2010 Zur Ausgabe

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.