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Erschienen in: Acta Diabetologica 3/2015

01.06.2015 | Original Article

The minimal promoter region of the dense-core vesicle protein IA-2: transcriptional regulation by CREB

verfasst von: Tao Cai, Hiroki Hirai, Huanyu Xu, Abner L. Notkins

Erschienen in: Acta Diabetologica | Ausgabe 3/2015

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Abstract

Aims

IA-2 is a transmembrane protein found in the dense-core vesicles (DCV) of neuroendocrine cells and one of the major autoantigens in type 1 diabetes. DCV are involved in the secretion of hormones (e.g., insulin) and neurotransmitters. Stimulation of pancreatic β cells with glucose upregulates the expression of IA-2 and an increase in IA-2 results in an increase in the number of DCV. Little is known, however, about the promoter region of IA-2 or the transcriptional factors that regulate the expression of this gene.

Methods

In the present study, we constructed eight deletion fragments from the upstream region of the IA-2 transcription start site and linked them to a luciferase reporter.

Results

By this approach, we have identified a short bp region (−216 to +115) that has strong promoter activity. We also identified a transcription factor, cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB), which binds to two CREB-related binding sites located in this region. The binding of CREB to these sites enhanced IA-2 transcription by more than fivefold. We confirmed these findings by site-directed mutagenesis, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and RNAi inhibition.

Conclusion

Based on these findings, we conclude that the PKA pathway is a critical, but not the exclusive signaling pathway involved in IA-2 gene expression.
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Metadaten
Titel
The minimal promoter region of the dense-core vesicle protein IA-2: transcriptional regulation by CREB
verfasst von
Tao Cai
Hiroki Hirai
Huanyu Xu
Abner L. Notkins
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2015
Verlag
Springer Milan
Erschienen in
Acta Diabetologica / Ausgabe 3/2015
Print ISSN: 0940-5429
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-5233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-014-0689-5

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