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The role of glutamate and its receptors in multiple sclerosis

  • Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, which has a central role in a complex communication network established between neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Multiple abnormal triggers such as energy deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and calcium overload can lead to abnormalities in glutamate signaling. Thus, the disturbance of glutamate homeostasis could affect practically all physiological functions and interactions of brain cells, leading to excitotoxicity. Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged or killed by excessive stimulation by glutamate. Although neuron degeneration and death are the ultimate consequences of multiple sclerosis (MS), it is now widely accepted that alterations in the function of surrounding glial cells are key features in the progression of the disease. The present knowledge raise the possibility that the modulation of glutamate release and transport, as well as receptors blockade or glutamate metabolism modulation, might be relevant targets for the development of future therapeutic interventions in MS.

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Acknowledgments

This paper was supported by The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia under the project number 41018.

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia and Montenegro

    Ivana R. Stojanovic, Milos Kostic & Srdjan Ljubisavljevic

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  1. Ivana R. Stojanovic
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Correspondence to Ivana R. Stojanovic.

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Stojanovic, I.R., Kostic, M. & Ljubisavljevic, S. The role of glutamate and its receptors in multiple sclerosis. J Neural Transm 121, 945–955 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-014-1188-0

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