Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 10/2016

14.09.2016 | Brachytherapie | Leitthema

Radioonkologische Aspekte des Zervixkarzinoms

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Simone Marnitz

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 10/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die Radiochemotherapie ist immer dann integraler Bestandteil der Therapie des Zervixkarzinoms, wenn die alleinige Operation nicht ausreicht, um ein optimales onkologisches Ergebnis zu erzielen. Nach der aktuellen deutschen Leitlinie zur Therapie des Zervixkarzinoms wird empfohlen, entweder eine radikale Hysterektomie oder eine primäre Radiochemotherapie durchzuführen. Die häufig geübte Praxis der trimodalen Therapie (radikale Hysterektomie plus Radiatio plus Chemotherapie) verdoppelt das Risiko für therapiebedingte Spättoxizität und sollte, wenn möglich, vermieden werden. Wenn bereits prätherapeutisch Risikofaktoren wie Lymphknotenbefall, Parametrienbefall oder eine Kombination aus z. B. Tumor >4 cm, Grading 3, Lymphgefäßinvasion oder Hämangioinvasion, tiefe Stromainfiltration etc. bekannt sind, sollte eine primäre Radiochemotherapie durchgeführt werden. Aufgrund der rein klinischen FIGO-Klassifikation ist z. B. der Lymphknotenbefall prätherapeutisch nicht abbildbar. Dies führt dazu, dass erst nach der radikalen Operation aufgrund der befallenen Lymphknoten doch eine adjuvante Radiochemotherapie durchgeführt wird. Das wäre bei 90 % der Patientinnen vermeidbar, würde zunächst ein operatives (laparoskopisches) Lymphknotenstaging durchgeführt werden. Ob dieses bzgl. der Prognose der Patientin einen Vorteil bietet, war Gegenstand der angeschlossenen Uterus-11-Studie der AGO und ARO. Mature Daten werden für 2018 erwartet. Die Radiochemotherapie sollte mit modernen Bestrahlungstechniken durchgeführt werden. Nur so lassen sich Akut- und Spätnebenwirkungen signifikant reduzieren. Diese Techniken sollte auch zum Erhalt der Ovarfunktion eingesetzt werden. Für prämenopausale Patientinnen kann nach einer suffizienten (hohen) Ovaripexie mittels modernster Strahlentherapietechniken die Dosis in den Ovarien reduziert werden, sodass die hormonelle Funktion erhalten werden kann. Eine Schwangerschaft nach Standardradiochemotherapie eines Zervixkarzinoms ist nicht möglich. Mitentscheidend für den Therapieerfolg ist die Gesamtdauer der Behandlung, die Vollständigkeit der Therapie aus perkutaner Strahlentherapie, Brachytherapie und Chemotherapie. Dies wird auch durch die Erfahrung und die Behandlungszahlen des jeweiligen Zentrums widergespiegelt. In Diskussion und weiterhin unklar ist der Stellenwert der neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie beim lokal fortgeschrittenen Zervixkarzinom.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Simpson DR, Song WY, Moiseenko V, Rose BS, Yashar CM, Mundt AJ, Mell LK (2012) Normal tissue complication probability analysis of acute gastrointestinal toxicity in cervical cancer patients undergoing intensity modulated radiation therapy and concurrent cisplatin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 83(1):81–86CrossRef Simpson DR, Song WY, Moiseenko V, Rose BS, Yashar CM, Mundt AJ, Mell LK (2012) Normal tissue complication probability analysis of acute gastrointestinal toxicity in cervical cancer patients undergoing intensity modulated radiation therapy and concurrent cisplatin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 83(1):81–86CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Albuquerque K, Giangreco D, Morrison C, Siddiqui M, Sinacore J, Potkul R, Roeske J (2011) Radiation-related predictors of hematologic toxicity after concurrent chemoradiation for cervical cancer and implications for bone marrow-sparing pelvic IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol 79(4):1043–1047CrossRef Albuquerque K, Giangreco D, Morrison C, Siddiqui M, Sinacore J, Potkul R, Roeske J (2011) Radiation-related predictors of hematologic toxicity after concurrent chemoradiation for cervical cancer and implications for bone marrow-sparing pelvic IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol 79(4):1043–1047CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Morris M, Eifel PJ, Lu J, Grigsby PW, Levenback C, Stevens RE, Rotman M, Gershenson DM, Mutch DG (1999) Pelvic radiation with concurrent chemotherapy compared with pelvic and para-aortic radiation for high-risk cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 340(15):1137–1143PubMedCrossRef Morris M, Eifel PJ, Lu J, Grigsby PW, Levenback C, Stevens RE, Rotman M, Gershenson DM, Mutch DG (1999) Pelvic radiation with concurrent chemotherapy compared with pelvic and para-aortic radiation for high-risk cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 340(15):1137–1143PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Peters WA 3rd, Liu PY, Barrett RJ 2nd, Stock RJ, Monk BJ, Berek JS, Souhami L, Grigsby P, Gordon W Jr., Alberts DS (2000) Concurrent chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage cancer of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 18(8):1606–1613PubMed Peters WA 3rd, Liu PY, Barrett RJ 2nd, Stock RJ, Monk BJ, Berek JS, Souhami L, Grigsby P, Gordon W Jr., Alberts DS (2000) Concurrent chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage cancer of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 18(8):1606–1613PubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Rose PG, Ali S, Watkins E, Thigpen JT, Deppe G, Clarke-Pearson DL, Insalaco S, Gynecologic Oncology G (2007) Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial comparing concurrent single agent cisplatin, cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, or hydroxyurea during pelvic irradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol 25(19):2804–2810PubMedCrossRef Rose PG, Ali S, Watkins E, Thigpen JT, Deppe G, Clarke-Pearson DL, Insalaco S, Gynecologic Oncology G (2007) Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial comparing concurrent single agent cisplatin, cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, or hydroxyurea during pelvic irradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol 25(19):2804–2810PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Rose PG, Bundy BN, Watkins EB, Thigpen JT, Deppe G, Maiman MA, Clarke-Pearson DL, Insalaco S (1999) Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 340(15):1144–1153PubMedCrossRef Rose PG, Bundy BN, Watkins EB, Thigpen JT, Deppe G, Maiman MA, Clarke-Pearson DL, Insalaco S (1999) Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 340(15):1144–1153PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirwan JM, Symonds P, Green JA, Tierney J, Collingwood M, Williams CJ (2003) A systematic review of acute and late toxicity of concomitant chemoradiation for cervical cancer. Radiother Oncol 68(3):217–226PubMedCrossRef Kirwan JM, Symonds P, Green JA, Tierney J, Collingwood M, Williams CJ (2003) A systematic review of acute and late toxicity of concomitant chemoradiation for cervical cancer. Radiother Oncol 68(3):217–226PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Portelance L, Chao KS, Grigsby PW, Bennet H, Low D (2001) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduces small bowel, rectum, and bladder doses in patients with cervical cancer receiving pelvic and para-aortic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 51(1):261–266PubMedCrossRef Portelance L, Chao KS, Grigsby PW, Bennet H, Low D (2001) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduces small bowel, rectum, and bladder doses in patients with cervical cancer receiving pelvic and para-aortic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 51(1):261–266PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Lukarski D, Kohler C, Wlodarczyk W, Ebert A, Budach V, Schneider A, Stromberger C (2011) Helical tomotherapy versus conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy for primary chemoradiation in cervical cancer patients: An intraindividual comparison. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 81(2):424–430PubMedCrossRef Marnitz S, Lukarski D, Kohler C, Wlodarczyk W, Ebert A, Budach V, Schneider A, Stromberger C (2011) Helical tomotherapy versus conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy for primary chemoradiation in cervical cancer patients: An intraindividual comparison. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 81(2):424–430PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Wlodarczyk W, Neumann O, Koehler C, Weihrauch M, Budach V, Cozzi L (2015) Which technique for radiation is most beneficial for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer? Intensity modulated proton therapy versus intensity modulated photon treatment, helical tomotherapy and volumetric arc therapy for primary radiation – an intraindividual comparison. Radiat Oncol 10:91. doi:10.1186/s13014-015-0402-z PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Marnitz S, Wlodarczyk W, Neumann O, Koehler C, Weihrauch M, Budach V, Cozzi L (2015) Which technique for radiation is most beneficial for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer? Intensity modulated proton therapy versus intensity modulated photon treatment, helical tomotherapy and volumetric arc therapy for primary radiation – an intraindividual comparison. Radiat Oncol 10:91. doi:10.​1186/​s13014-015-0402-z PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Potter R, Haie-Meder C, Van Limbergen E, Barillot I, De Brabandere M, Dimopoulos J, Dumas I, Erickson B, Lang S, Nulens A et al (2006) Recommendations from gynaecological (GYN) GEC ESTRO working group (II): Concepts and terms in 3D image-based treatment planning in cervix cancer brachytherapy-3D dose volume parameters and aspects of 3D image-based anatomy, radiation physics, radiobiology. Radiother Oncol 78(1):67–77PubMedCrossRef Potter R, Haie-Meder C, Van Limbergen E, Barillot I, De Brabandere M, Dimopoulos J, Dumas I, Erickson B, Lang S, Nulens A et al (2006) Recommendations from gynaecological (GYN) GEC ESTRO working group (II): Concepts and terms in 3D image-based treatment planning in cervix cancer brachytherapy-3D dose volume parameters and aspects of 3D image-based anatomy, radiation physics, radiobiology. Radiother Oncol 78(1):67–77PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Georg P, Potter R, Georg D, Lang S, Dimopoulos JC, Sturdza AE, Berger D, Kirisits C, Dorr W (2012) Dose effect relationship for late side effects of the rectum and urinary bladder in magnetic resonance image-guided adaptive cervix cancer brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 82(2):653–657PubMedCrossRef Georg P, Potter R, Georg D, Lang S, Dimopoulos JC, Sturdza AE, Berger D, Kirisits C, Dorr W (2012) Dose effect relationship for late side effects of the rectum and urinary bladder in magnetic resonance image-guided adaptive cervix cancer brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 82(2):653–657PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Choi HJ, Roh JW, Seo SS, Lee S, Kim JY, Kim SK, Kang KW, Lee JS, Jeong JY, Park SY (2006) Comparison of the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the presurgical detection of lymph node metastases in patients with uterine cervical carcinoma: A prospective study. Cancer 106(4):914–922PubMedCrossRef Choi HJ, Roh JW, Seo SS, Lee S, Kim JY, Kim SK, Kang KW, Lee JS, Jeong JY, Park SY (2006) Comparison of the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the presurgical detection of lymph node metastases in patients with uterine cervical carcinoma: A prospective study. Cancer 106(4):914–922PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Chung HH, Kang KW, Cho JY, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Kim SH, Chung JK, Kang SB (2010) Role of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in preoperative lymph node detection of uterine cervical cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203(2):156 e151–156 e155CrossRef Chung HH, Kang KW, Cho JY, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Kim SH, Chung JK, Kang SB (2010) Role of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in preoperative lymph node detection of uterine cervical cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203(2):156 e151–156 e155CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramirez PT, Jhingran A, Macapinlac HA, Euscher ED, Munsell MF, Coleman RL, Soliman PT, Schmeler KM, Frumovitz M, Ramondetta LM (2011) Laparoscopic extraperitoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy in locally advanced cervical cancer: A prospective correlation of surgical findings with positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings. Cancer 117(9):1928–1934PubMedCrossRef Ramirez PT, Jhingran A, Macapinlac HA, Euscher ED, Munsell MF, Coleman RL, Soliman PT, Schmeler KM, Frumovitz M, Ramondetta LM (2011) Laparoscopic extraperitoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy in locally advanced cervical cancer: A prospective correlation of surgical findings with positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings. Cancer 117(9):1928–1934PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Leblanc E, Gauthier H, Querleu D, Ferron G, Zerdoud S, Morice P, Uzan C, Lumbroso S, Lecuru F, Bats AS et al (2011) Accuracy of 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in the pretherapeutic detection of occult para-aortic node involvement in patients with a locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 18(8):2302–2309PubMedCrossRef Leblanc E, Gauthier H, Querleu D, Ferron G, Zerdoud S, Morice P, Uzan C, Lumbroso S, Lecuru F, Bats AS et al (2011) Accuracy of 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in the pretherapeutic detection of occult para-aortic node involvement in patients with a locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 18(8):2302–2309PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Rose PG, Adler LP, Rodriguez M, Faulhaber PF, Abdul-Karim FW, Miraldi F (1999) Positron emission tomography for evaluating para-aortic nodal metastasis in locally advanced cervical cancer before surgical staging: A surgicopathologic study. J Clin Oncol 17(1):41–45PubMed Rose PG, Adler LP, Rodriguez M, Faulhaber PF, Abdul-Karim FW, Miraldi F (1999) Positron emission tomography for evaluating para-aortic nodal metastasis in locally advanced cervical cancer before surgical staging: A surgicopathologic study. J Clin Oncol 17(1):41–45PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kohler C, Mustea A, Marnitz S, Schneider A, Chiantera V, Ulrich U, Scharf JP, Martus P, Vieira MA, Tsunoda A (2015) Perioperative morbidity and rate of upstaging after laparoscopic staging for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: Results of a prospective randomized trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213(4):501–507CrossRef Kohler C, Mustea A, Marnitz S, Schneider A, Chiantera V, Ulrich U, Scharf JP, Martus P, Vieira MA, Tsunoda A (2015) Perioperative morbidity and rate of upstaging after laparoscopic staging for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: Results of a prospective randomized trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213(4):501–507CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Kohler C, Roth C, Fuller J, Hinkelbein W, Schneider A (2005) Is there a benefit of pretreatment laparoscopic transperitoneal surgical staging in patients with advanced cervical cancer? Gynecol Oncol 99(3):536–544PubMedCrossRef Marnitz S, Kohler C, Roth C, Fuller J, Hinkelbein W, Schneider A (2005) Is there a benefit of pretreatment laparoscopic transperitoneal surgical staging in patients with advanced cervical cancer? Gynecol Oncol 99(3):536–544PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Fagotti A, Fanfani F, Longo R, Legge F, Mari A, Gagliardi ML, Scambia G (2007) Which role for pre-treatment laparoscopic staging? Gynecol Oncol 107(1):101–S105CrossRef Fagotti A, Fanfani F, Longo R, Legge F, Mari A, Gagliardi ML, Scambia G (2007) Which role for pre-treatment laparoscopic staging? Gynecol Oncol 107(1):101–S105CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Kohler C, Roth C, Fuller J, Bischoff A, Wendt T, Schneider A, Budach V (2007) Stage-adjusted chemoradiation in cervical cancer after transperitoneal laparoscopic staging. Strahlenther Onkol 183(9):473–478PubMedCrossRef Marnitz S, Kohler C, Roth C, Fuller J, Bischoff A, Wendt T, Schneider A, Budach V (2007) Stage-adjusted chemoradiation in cervical cancer after transperitoneal laparoscopic staging. Strahlenther Onkol 183(9):473–478PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Goff BA, Muntz HG, Paley PJ, Tamimi HK, Koh WJ, Greer BE (1999) Impact of surgical staging in women with locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 74(3):436–442PubMedCrossRef Goff BA, Muntz HG, Paley PJ, Tamimi HK, Koh WJ, Greer BE (1999) Impact of surgical staging in women with locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 74(3):436–442PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim PY, Monk BJ, Chabra S, Burger RA, Vasilev SA, Manetta A, DiSaia PJ, Berman ML (1998) Cervical cancer with paraaortic metastases: Significance of residual paraaortic disease after surgical staging. Gynecol Oncol 69(3):243–247PubMedCrossRef Kim PY, Monk BJ, Chabra S, Burger RA, Vasilev SA, Manetta A, DiSaia PJ, Berman ML (1998) Cervical cancer with paraaortic metastases: Significance of residual paraaortic disease after surgical staging. Gynecol Oncol 69(3):243–247PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Martus P, Köhler C, Stromberger C, Asse E, Mallmann P, Schmidberger C, Affonso Júnior RJ, Nunes JS, Sehouli J et al (2016) Role of surgical versus clinical staging in chemoradiated FIGO stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer patients – acute toxicity and treatment quality of the uterus-11 multicenter phase III intergroup trial of the German radiation oncology group and the gynecologic cancer group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 94(2):243–253PubMedCrossRef Marnitz S, Martus P, Köhler C, Stromberger C, Asse E, Mallmann P, Schmidberger C, Affonso Júnior RJ, Nunes JS, Sehouli J et al (2016) Role of surgical versus clinical staging in chemoradiated FIGO stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer patients – acute toxicity and treatment quality of the uterus-11 multicenter phase III intergroup trial of the German radiation oncology group and the gynecologic cancer group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 94(2):243–253PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Moore DH (2008) Surgical staging and cervical cancer – after 30 years, have we reached a conclusion? Cancer 112(9):1874–1876PubMedCrossRef Moore DH (2008) Surgical staging and cervical cancer – after 30 years, have we reached a conclusion? Cancer 112(9):1874–1876PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Potish RA, Twiggs LB, Okagaki T, Prem KA, Adcock LL (1985) Therapeutic implications of the natural-history of advanced cervical-cancer as defined by pretreatment surgical staging. Cancer 56(4):956–960PubMedCrossRef Potish RA, Twiggs LB, Okagaki T, Prem KA, Adcock LL (1985) Therapeutic implications of the natural-history of advanced cervical-cancer as defined by pretreatment surgical staging. Cancer 56(4):956–960PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Small W, Winter K, Levenback C, Iyer R, Hymes SR, Jhingran A, Gaffney D, Erickson B, Greven K (2011) Extended-field irradiation and Intracavitary brachytherapy combined with cisplatin and amifostine for cervical cancer with positive para-aortic or high common Iliac lymph nodes results of arm II of radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) 0116. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21(7):1266–1275PubMed Small W, Winter K, Levenback C, Iyer R, Hymes SR, Jhingran A, Gaffney D, Erickson B, Greven K (2011) Extended-field irradiation and Intracavitary brachytherapy combined with cisplatin and amifostine for cervical cancer with positive para-aortic or high common Iliac lymph nodes results of arm II of radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) 0116. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21(7):1266–1275PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Sood BM, Timmins PF, Gorla GR, Garg M, Anderson PS, Vikram B, Goldberg GL (2002) Concomitant cisplatin and extended field radiation therapy in patients with cervical and endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 12(5):459–464PubMedCrossRef Sood BM, Timmins PF, Gorla GR, Garg M, Anderson PS, Vikram B, Goldberg GL (2002) Concomitant cisplatin and extended field radiation therapy in patients with cervical and endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 12(5):459–464PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Vargo JA, Kim H, Choi S, Sukumvanich P, Olawaiye AB, Kelley JL, Edwards RP, Comerci JT, Beriwal S (2014) Extended field intensity modulated radiation therapy with concomitant boost for lymph node-positive cervical cancer: Analysis of regional control and recurrence patterns in the positron emission tomography/computed tomography era. Int J Radiat Oncol 90(5):1091–1098CrossRef Vargo JA, Kim H, Choi S, Sukumvanich P, Olawaiye AB, Kelley JL, Edwards RP, Comerci JT, Beriwal S (2014) Extended field intensity modulated radiation therapy with concomitant boost for lymph node-positive cervical cancer: Analysis of regional control and recurrence patterns in the positron emission tomography/computed tomography era. Int J Radiat Oncol 90(5):1091–1098CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Varia MA, Bundy BN, Deppe G, Mannel R, Averette HE, Rose PG, Connelly P (1998) Cervical carcinoma metastatic to para-aortic nodes: extended field radiation therapy with concomitant 5‑fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42(5):1015–1023PubMedCrossRef Varia MA, Bundy BN, Deppe G, Mannel R, Averette HE, Rose PG, Connelly P (1998) Cervical carcinoma metastatic to para-aortic nodes: extended field radiation therapy with concomitant 5‑fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42(5):1015–1023PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoon H, Cha J, Kim G, Chung Y, Kim Y (2014) The long term follow-up result of extended field radiation therapy for uterine cervical cancer with positive para-aortic lymph nodes: Does the addition of chemotherapy have survival benefit? Int J Radiat Oncol 90:S479–S479CrossRef Yoon H, Cha J, Kim G, Chung Y, Kim Y (2014) The long term follow-up result of extended field radiation therapy for uterine cervical cancer with positive para-aortic lymph nodes: Does the addition of chemotherapy have survival benefit? Int J Radiat Oncol 90:S479–S479CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoon HI, Cha J, Keum KC, Lee HY, Nam EJ, Kim SW, Kim S, Kim YT, Kim GE, Kim YB (2015) Treatment outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy and the effect of concurrent chemotherapy on uterine cervical cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Radiat Oncol 10(1):18. doi:10.1186/s13014-014-0320-5 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Yoon HI, Cha J, Keum KC, Lee HY, Nam EJ, Kim SW, Kim S, Kim YT, Kim GE, Kim YB (2015) Treatment outcomes of extended-field radiation therapy and the effect of concurrent chemotherapy on uterine cervical cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Radiat Oncol 10(1):18. doi:10.​1186/​s13014-014-0320-5 PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Schram J, Budach V, Sackerer I, Vercellino GF, Sehouli J, Kohler C (2015) Extended field chemoradiation for cervical cancer patients with histologically proven para-aortic lymph node metastases after laparaoscopic lymphadenectomy. Strahlenther Onkol 191(5):421–428PubMedCrossRef Marnitz S, Schram J, Budach V, Sackerer I, Vercellino GF, Sehouli J, Kohler C (2015) Extended field chemoradiation for cervical cancer patients with histologically proven para-aortic lymph node metastases after laparaoscopic lymphadenectomy. Strahlenther Onkol 191(5):421–428PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Vandeperre A, Van Limbergen E, Leunen K, Moerman P, Amant F, Vergote I (2015) Para-aortic lymph node metastases in locally advanced cervical cancer: Comparison between surgical staging and imaging. Gynecol Oncol 138(2):299–303PubMedCrossRef Vandeperre A, Van Limbergen E, Leunen K, Moerman P, Amant F, Vergote I (2015) Para-aortic lymph node metastases in locally advanced cervical cancer: Comparison between surgical staging and imaging. Gynecol Oncol 138(2):299–303PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Lai CH, Huang KG, Hong JH, Lee CL, Chou HH, Chang TC, Hsueh S, Huang HJ, Ng KK, Tsai CS (2003) Randomized trial of surgical staging (extraperitoneal or laparoscopic) versus clinical staging in locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 89(1):160–167PubMedCrossRef Lai CH, Huang KG, Hong JH, Lee CL, Chou HH, Chang TC, Hsueh S, Huang HJ, Ng KK, Tsai CS (2003) Randomized trial of surgical staging (extraperitoneal or laparoscopic) versus clinical staging in locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 89(1):160–167PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Gold MA, Tian CQ, Whitney CW, Rose PG, Lanciano R (2008) Surgical versus radiographic determination of para-aortic lymph node metastases before chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical carcinoma – a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer 112(9):1954–1963PubMedCrossRef Gold MA, Tian CQ, Whitney CW, Rose PG, Lanciano R (2008) Surgical versus radiographic determination of para-aortic lymph node metastases before chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical carcinoma – a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer 112(9):1954–1963PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Mota F, De Oliveira C (2006) Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer should not undergo routine pretreatment surgical staging. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 27(2):109–114PubMed Mota F, De Oliveira C (2006) Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer should not undergo routine pretreatment surgical staging. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 27(2):109–114PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Lai CH, Yen TC, Ng KK (2010) Surgical and radiologic staging of cervical cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gyn 22(1):15–20CrossRef Lai CH, Yen TC, Ng KK (2010) Surgical and radiologic staging of cervical cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gyn 22(1):15–20CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Leblanc E, Katdare N, Narducci F, Bresson L, Gouy S, Morice P, Ferron G, Querleu D, Martinez A (2016) Should systematic Infrarenal para-aortic dissection be the rule in the pretherapeutic staging of primary or recurrent locally advanced cervix cancer patients with a negative preoperative para-aortic PET imaging? Int J Gynecol Cancer 26(1):169–175PubMedCrossRef Leblanc E, Katdare N, Narducci F, Bresson L, Gouy S, Morice P, Ferron G, Querleu D, Martinez A (2016) Should systematic Infrarenal para-aortic dissection be the rule in the pretherapeutic staging of primary or recurrent locally advanced cervix cancer patients with a negative preoperative para-aortic PET imaging? Int J Gynecol Cancer 26(1):169–175PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Landoni F, Maneo A, Colombo A, Placa F, Milani R, Perego P, Favini G, Ferri L, Mangioni C (1997) Randomised study of radical surgery versus radiotherapy for stage Ib-IIa cervical cancer. Lancet 350(9077):535–540PubMedCrossRef Landoni F, Maneo A, Colombo A, Placa F, Milani R, Perego P, Favini G, Ferri L, Mangioni C (1997) Randomised study of radical surgery versus radiotherapy for stage Ib-IIa cervical cancer. Lancet 350(9077):535–540PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Zola P, Maggino T, Sacco M, Rumore A, Sinistrero G, Maggi R, Landoni F, Foglia G, Sartori E, De Toffoli J et al (2000) Prospective multicenter study on urologic complications after radical surgery with or without radiotherapy in the treatment of stage IB-IIA cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 10(1):59–66PubMedCrossRef Zola P, Maggino T, Sacco M, Rumore A, Sinistrero G, Maggi R, Landoni F, Foglia G, Sartori E, De Toffoli J et al (2000) Prospective multicenter study on urologic complications after radical surgery with or without radiotherapy in the treatment of stage IB-IIA cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 10(1):59–66PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Chiantera V, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Koehler C, Marnitz S, Fagotti A, Fanfani F, Parazzini F, Schiavina R, Scambia G et al (2014) Morbidity after pelvic exenteration for gynecological malignancies: A retrospective multicentric study of 230 patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24(1):156–164PubMedCrossRef Chiantera V, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Koehler C, Marnitz S, Fagotti A, Fanfani F, Parazzini F, Schiavina R, Scambia G et al (2014) Morbidity after pelvic exenteration for gynecological malignancies: A retrospective multicentric study of 230 patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24(1):156–164PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Chiantera V, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Koehler C, Marnitz S, Ferrandina G, Legge F, Parazzini F, Scambia G, Schneider A et al (2014) Survival after curative pelvic exenteration for primary or recurrent cervical cancer: A retrospective multicentric study of 167 patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24(5):916–922PubMedCrossRef Chiantera V, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Koehler C, Marnitz S, Ferrandina G, Legge F, Parazzini F, Scambia G, Schneider A et al (2014) Survival after curative pelvic exenteration for primary or recurrent cervical cancer: A retrospective multicentric study of 167 patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24(5):916–922PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Dessole M, Petrillo M, Lucidi A, Naldini A, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Marnitz S, Sehouli J, Scambia G, Chiantera V (2016) Quality of life in women after pelvic exenteration for gynecological malignancies: A multicentric study. Int J Gynecol Cancer. doi:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000612 PubMed Dessole M, Petrillo M, Lucidi A, Naldini A, Rossi M, De Iaco P, Marnitz S, Sehouli J, Scambia G, Chiantera V (2016) Quality of life in women after pelvic exenteration for gynecological malignancies: A multicentric study. Int J Gynecol Cancer. doi:10.​1097/​IGC.​0000000000000612​ PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahajan NN (2008) Vesicovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 109(3):429–430PubMedCrossRef Mahajan NN (2008) Vesicovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 109(3):429–430PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Moore KN, Gold MA, McMeekin DS, Zorn KK (2007) Vesicovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 106(3):498–501PubMedCrossRef Moore KN, Gold MA, McMeekin DS, Zorn KK (2007) Vesicovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 106(3):498–501PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Biewenga P, Mutsaerts MA, Stalpers LJ, Buist MR, Schilthuis MS, van der Velden J (2010) Can we predict vesicovaginal or rectovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical cancer? Int J Gynecol Cancer 20(3):471–475PubMedCrossRef Biewenga P, Mutsaerts MA, Stalpers LJ, Buist MR, Schilthuis MS, van der Velden J (2010) Can we predict vesicovaginal or rectovaginal fistula formation in patients with Stage IVA cervical cancer? Int J Gynecol Cancer 20(3):471–475PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Meng XY, Liao Y, Liu XP, Li S, Shi MJ, Zeng XT (2016) Concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy versus exclusive radiotherapy in high-risk cervical cancer: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 9:1875–1888PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Meng XY, Liao Y, Liu XP, Li S, Shi MJ, Zeng XT (2016) Concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy versus exclusive radiotherapy in high-risk cervical cancer: A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 9:1875–1888PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Duenas-Gonzalez A, Zarba JJ, Patel F, Alcedo JC, Beslija S, Casanova L, Pattaranutaporn P, Hameed S, Blair JM, Barraclough H et al (2011) Phase III, open-label, randomized study comparing concurrent gemcitabine plus cisplatin and radiation followed by adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin versus concurrent cisplatin and radiation in patients with Stage IIB to IVA carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 29(13):1678–1685PubMedCrossRef Duenas-Gonzalez A, Zarba JJ, Patel F, Alcedo JC, Beslija S, Casanova L, Pattaranutaporn P, Hameed S, Blair JM, Barraclough H et al (2011) Phase III, open-label, randomized study comparing concurrent gemcitabine plus cisplatin and radiation followed by adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin versus concurrent cisplatin and radiation in patients with Stage IIB to IVA carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 29(13):1678–1685PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Tangjitgamol S, Katanyoo K, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P, Manusirivithaya S, Supawattanabodee B (2014) Adjuvant chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3(12):CD010401. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010401.pub2 Tangjitgamol S, Katanyoo K, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P, Manusirivithaya S, Supawattanabodee B (2014) Adjuvant chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3(12):CD010401. doi:10.​1002/​14651858.​CD010401.​pub2
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Marnitz S, Abt EC, Martus P, Tsunoda A, Kohler C (2015) Is routine curettage a useful tool to evaluate persistent tumor in patients who underwent primary chemoradiation for locally advanced and/or lymph node positive cervical cancer? Int J Gynecol Cancer. doi:10.1097/IGC.0000000000000331 PubMed Marnitz S, Abt EC, Martus P, Tsunoda A, Kohler C (2015) Is routine curettage a useful tool to evaluate persistent tumor in patients who underwent primary chemoradiation for locally advanced and/or lymph node positive cervical cancer? Int J Gynecol Cancer. doi:10.​1097/​IGC.​0000000000000331​ PubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin JF, Berger JL, Krivak TC, Beriwal S, Chan JK, Sukumvanich P, Monk BJ, Richard SD (2014) Impact of facility volume on therapy and survival for locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 132(2):416–422PubMedCrossRef Lin JF, Berger JL, Krivak TC, Beriwal S, Chan JK, Sukumvanich P, Monk BJ, Richard SD (2014) Impact of facility volume on therapy and survival for locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 132(2):416–422PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Mangler M, Zech N, Schneider A, Kohler C, Marnitz S (2013) Aspects of therapy for cervical cancer in Germany 2012 – results from a survey of german gynaecological hospitals. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 73(3):227–238PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mangler M, Zech N, Schneider A, Kohler C, Marnitz S (2013) Aspects of therapy for cervical cancer in Germany 2012 – results from a survey of german gynaecological hospitals. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 73(3):227–238PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Showalter TN, Camacho F, Cantrell LA, Anderson RT (2016) Determinants of quality care and mortality for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer in Virginia. Medicine (Baltimore) 95(8):e2913CrossRef Showalter TN, Camacho F, Cantrell LA, Anderson RT (2016) Determinants of quality care and mortality for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer in Virginia. Medicine (Baltimore) 95(8):e2913CrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith GL, Eifel PJ (2014) Trends in the utilization of brachytherapy in cervical cancer in the United States. In regard to Han et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 88(2):459–460PubMedCrossRef Smith GL, Eifel PJ (2014) Trends in the utilization of brachytherapy in cervical cancer in the United States. In regard to Han et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 88(2):459–460PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith GL, Jiang J, Giordano SH, Meyer LA, Eifel PJ (2015) Trends in the quality of treatment for patients with intact cervical cancer in the United States, 1999 through 2011. Int J Radiat Oncol 92(2):260–267CrossRef Smith GL, Jiang J, Giordano SH, Meyer LA, Eifel PJ (2015) Trends in the quality of treatment for patients with intact cervical cancer in the United States, 1999 through 2011. Int J Radiat Oncol 92(2):260–267CrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Han K, Milosevic M, Fyles A, Pintilie M, Viswanathan AN (2013) Trends in the utilization of brachytherapy in cervical cancer in the United States. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87(1):111–119PubMedCrossRef Han K, Milosevic M, Fyles A, Pintilie M, Viswanathan AN (2013) Trends in the utilization of brachytherapy in cervical cancer in the United States. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 87(1):111–119PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Radioonkologische Aspekte des Zervixkarzinoms
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Simone Marnitz
Publikationsdatum
14.09.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 10/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-016-0107-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2016

Der Onkologe 10/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.