Abstract
Background
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children is considered a rare, but serious condition. Epidemiological and demographic information on pediatric ESRD patients around the world is important to better understand this disease and to improve patient care. The Japanese Society for Pediatric Nephrology (JSPN) reported epidemiological and demographic data in 1998. Since then, however, there has been no nationwide survey on Japanese children with ESRD.
Methods
The JSPN conducted a cross-sectional nationwide survey in 2012 to update information on the incidence, primary renal disease, initial treatment modalities, and survival in pediatric Japanese patients with ESRD aged less than 20 years during the period 2006–2011.
Results
The average incidence of ESRD was 4.0 per million age-related population. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract were the most common cause of ESRD, present in 39.8 % of these patients. In addition, 12.2 % had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and 5.9 % had glomerulonephritis. Initial treatment modalities in patients who commenced renal replacement therapy (RRT) consisted of peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and pre-emptive transplantation (Tx) in 61.7, 16.0, and 22.3 %, respectively. The Japanese RRT mortality rate was 18.2 deaths per 1000 person-years of observation.
Conclusion
The incidence of ESRD is lower in Japanese children than in children of other high-income countries. Since 1998, notably, there has been a marked increase in pre-emptive Tx as an initial treatment modality for Japanese children with ESRD.
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Acknowledgments
The JSPN ESRD Survey is funded by the Japanese Society for Pediatric Nephrology (JSPN). The authors thank all patients, families, physicians, and institutes who contributed to the JSPN ESRD Survey. The authors also thank Drs. Yuko Akioka, Kenji Ishikura, and Yuko Hamazaki for being members of the JSPN ESRD Survey Committee, and Drs. Shuich Ito, Osamu Uemura, Yoshihiko Ueda, Satoshi Sasaki, Ken Hatae, Hiroshi Hataya, Misako Hiramatsu, Mikiya Fujieda, and Hiroshi Yoshimura and the members of the JSPN, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT), and the Japanese Society for Clinical Renal Transplantation (JSCRT) for their contributions to data collection. The authors also thank Prof. Yasuo Ohashi, Mr. Masayuki Kurihara, and Ms. Chie Matsuda of the Japan Clinical Research Support Unit (Tokyo) for their help with data management.
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The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.
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Hattori, M., Sako, M., Kaneko, T. et al. End-stage renal disease in Japanese children: a nationwide survey during 2006–2011. Clin Exp Nephrol 19, 933–938 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-014-1077-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-014-1077-8