Introduction
Methodology
Literature search
Data extraction
Case definitions
Source populations
Period prevalences
Results
Headache
Country (year) | Reference | Time frame | Method |
N
| Age range (years) | Headache | Chronic headache | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | Total | M | F | Total | ||||||
Adults or all ages | |||||||||||
Austria (2003) | Lampl [37] | 1-y | P.i. | 997 | ≥15 | 43.6 | 54.6 | 49.4 | |||
Croatia (2001, 2003) | L.t. | P.i. | 3,794 | 15–65 | 65.2 | ||||||
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | 1-y | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 3 | |||||
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | L.t. | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 93 | 99 | 96 | |||
Finland (1981) | Nikiforow [45] | 1-y | P.i. | 200 | >15 | 69 | 83 | 77 | |||
Finland (1981) | Nikiforow [45] | L.t. | P.i. | 200 | >15 | 91 | |||||
France (1992) | Henry [51] | L.t. | Q | 4,204 | 5–65 | 35 | |||||
France (2002) | Henry [20] | N.s. | Q | 10,585 | ≥15 | 29.2 | 3.0 | ||||
France (2003) | Lanteri-Minet [17] | L.t. | Q | 10,585 | ≥15 | 1.6 | 4.2 | 3 | |||
France (1996) | Michel [46] | 3-m | Q | 9,411 | >18 | 39.0 | 58.0 | 49 | |||
Germany (1994) | Gobel [52] | L.t. | Q | 4,061 | ≥18 | 71.4 | |||||
Germany (2009) | Pfaffenrath [61] | 6-m | P.i. | 7,417 | ≥20 | 49.5 | |||||
Germany (2009) | Radke [62] | 1-y | T.i. | 7,341 | ≥18 | 53.0 | 66.6 | 60.2 | |||
Georgia (2009) | Katsarava [12] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,145 | ≥16 | 46.3 | 7.6 | ||||
Greece (1996) | Mitsikostas [18] | 1-y | Q | 3,501 | 15–75 | 19.0 | 40.0 | 29 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 4.5 |
Italy (1988) | D’Alessandro [47] | 1-y | Q | 1,154 | >7 | 35.3 | 46.2 | 46 | |||
Netherlands (2006) | Wiendels [13] | 3-m | Q | 16,232 | 25–55 | 3.7 | |||||
Norway (2000) | Hagen [15] | 1-y | Q | 51,383 | ≥20 | 29.6 | 45.7 | 37.7 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 2.4 |
Norway (2008) | Grande [22] | 1-y | Q | 20,598 | 30–44 | 2.9 | |||||
Norway (2008) | Russell [43] | 1-y | Q | 21,800 | 20–80 | 69.6 | 84.0 | 77.2 | |||
Portugal (1995) | Pereira Monteiro [53] | L.t. | Q | 2,008 | All ages | 88.6 | 4.1 | ||||
Spain (1999) | Castillo [14] | 1-y | Q | 2,253 | >14 | 1.0 | 8.7 | 4.7 | |||
Spain (1994) | Laínez [50] | L.t. | P.i. | 2,231 | 16–65 | 86.7 | |||||
Sweden (2001) | Dahlof [42] | 1-y | Q | 1,668 | 18–74 | 50 | 76 | 63 | |||
Sweden (2006) | Molarius [63] | 3-m | Q | 43,770 | 18–79 | 10.4 | 22.9 | 16.7 | |||
Turkey (2005) | Boru [64] | L.t | P.i. | 1,835 | 15–45 | 70.9 | |||||
UK (1975) | Waters [65] | 1-y | Q | 1,718 | >21 | 63.5 | 78.4 | 71.0 | |||
UK (2005) | Boardman [48] | 1-y | Q | 1,589 | 18–90 | 76 | |||||
UK (1977) | Crisp [66] | L.t. | Q | 727 | >7 | 35.3 | 46.2 | ||||
UK (2003) | Boardman [67] | L.t. | Q | 1,662 | ≥18 | 90.2 | 94.4 | 92.6 | |||
UK (2003) | Boardman [67] | 3-m | Q | 1,662 | ≥18 | 62.0 | 76.8 | 70.3 | |||
Children and youth | |||||||||||
Finland (1983) | Sillanpää [68] | 1-y | Q | 3,784 | 13 | 79.8 | 84.2 | 82.0 | |||
Finland (1994) | Metsähonkala [69] | 1-y | Q | 3,580 | 8–9 | 36.5 | |||||
Finland (1991) | Sillanpaa [70] | 1-y | Q | 4,405 | 5 | 19.5 | |||||
Finland (1994) | Metsähonkala [69] | L.t. | Q | 3,580 | 8–9 | 36.5 | |||||
Germany (2004) | Roth-Isigkeit [71] | 3-m | Q | 735 | 10–18 | 58.9 | 73.1 | 66 | |||
Italy (1995) | Raieli [72] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,445 | 11–14 | 19.9 | 28.1 | 23.9 | |||
Norway (2004) | Zwart [19] | 1-y | Q | 8,255 | 13–19 | 69.4 | 84.2 | 76.8 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
Serbia (2007) | Milanovic [73] | L.t. | P.i. | 1,259 | 7–12 | 32.8 | |||||
Sweden (2004) | Laurell [33] | 1-y | Q | 1,850 | 7–15 | 39.3 | 50.3 | 44.8 | |||
Sweden (1962) | Bille [74] | L.t. | Q | 8,993 | 7–15 | 58 | 59.3 | 58.7 | |||
Turkey (2005) | Bugdayci [75] | N.s. | P.i. | 5,777 | 8–16 | 46.2 | 52.8 | 49.2 | 1.5 | ||
Turkey (2007) | Akyol | L.t. | Q | 7,721 | 9–17 | 79.6 | 87.1 | 83.4 | |||
Turkey (2006) | Karli [76] | 1-y | Q | 2,387 | 12–17 | 45.1 | 59.8 | 52.2 | |||
Turkey (2006) | Unalp [77] | N.s. | Q | 2,384 | 14–18 | 36 | 53 | 46 | |||
UK (1977) | Deubner [78] | 1-y | Q | 600 | 10–20 | 74.4 | 81.5 | 78.0 | |||
UK (1994) | Abu-Arefeh [79] | 1-y | Q | 2,165 | 5–15 | 66 | |||||
Elderly | |||||||||||
Italy (2001) | Prencipe [16] | 1-y | P.i. | 833 | ≥65 | 36.6 | 62.1 | 51 | 2.5 | 6 | 4.4 |
Italy (2003) | Camarda [80] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,031 | ≥65 | 16.5 | 26.3 | 21.8 |
Migraine
Country (year) | Reference | Time frame | Method |
N
| Age range (years) | Migraine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | Total | ||||||
Adults or all ages | ||||||||
Austria (2003) | Lampl [37] | 1-y | P.i. | 997 | ≥15 | 6.1 | 13.8 | 10.2 |
Croatia (2001) | Zivadinov [38] | 1-y | P.i. | 3,794 | 15–65 | 13 | 20.2 | 16.7 |
Croatia (2001, 2003) | L.t. | P.i. | 3,794 | 15–65 | 14.8 | 22.9 | 19 | |
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | 1-y | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 6 | 15 | 10 |
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | L.t. | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 8 | 25 | 16.1 |
Denmark (1995) | Russell [81] | L.t. | Q | 4,061 | 40 | 12 | 24 | 18 |
Denmark (2005) | Lyngberg [36] | 1-y | P.i. | 207 | 25–36 | 5.4 | 23.5 | 15.5 |
Denmark (2006) | Russell [44] | 1-y | Q | 28,195 | 12–41 | 13.9 | 24.3 | 19.1 |
France (1992) | Henry [51] | L.t. | Q | 4,204 | 5–65 | 6.1 | 17.6 | 12.1 |
France (2002) | Henry [20] | N.s. | Q | 10,585 | ≥15 | 10 | 23 | 17 |
France (2005) | Lantéri-Minet [9] | N.s. | Q | 10,532 | ≥18 | 6.3 | 15.7 | 11.2 |
France (1996) | Michel [46] | 3-m | Q | 9,411 | >18 | 8 | 18 | 15 |
Germany (1994) | Gobel [52] | L.t. | Q | 4,061 | ≥18 | 22 | 32 | 27.5 |
Germany (2009) | Pfaffenrath [61] | 6-m | P.i. | 7,417 | ≥20 | 11.4 | ||
Germany (2009) | Radke [62] | 1-y | T.i. | 7,341 | ≥18 | 5.3 | 15.6 | 10.6 |
Georgia (2009) | Katsarava [12] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,145 | ≥16 | 15.6 | ||
Hungary (2000) | Bank [40] | 1-y | Q | 813 | 15–80 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 9.6 |
Netherlands (1999) | Launer [41] | 1-y | Q | 6,491 | 20–65 | 7.5 | 25 | 16.3 |
Netherlands (1999) | Launer [41] | L.t. | Q | 6,491 | 20–65 | 13.3 | 33 | 23.2 |
Norway (2000) | Hagen [15] | 1-y | Q | 51,383 | ≥20 | 7.5 | 15.6 | 11.6 |
Norway (2006) | Sjaastad [82] | N.s. | P.i. | 1,838 | 18–65 | 17.5 | 28.4 | 23.0 |
Norway (2008) | Russell [43] | L.t. | Q | 21,800 | 20–80 | 18.1 | 34.1 | |
Portugal (1995) | Pereira Monteiro [53] | L.t. | Q | 2,008 | All | 8.8 | ||
Spain (1994) | Laínez [50] | L.t. | P.i. | 2,231 | 16–65 | 8 | 17 | 12 |
Sweden (2000) | Mattsson [83] | L.t. | Q | 722 | 40–74 | 31 | ||
Sweden (2000) | Mattsson [83] | 1-y | Q | 728 | 40–74 | 18 | ||
Sweden (2001) | Dahlöf [42] | 1-y | Q | 1,668 | 18–74 | 9.5 | 16.7 | 13.2 |
Sweden (2006) | Molarius [63] | 3-m | Q | 43,770 | 18–79 | 2.4 | 5.5 | 4.0 |
Switzerland (1994) | Merikangas [39] | 1-y | P.i. | 379 | 29–30 | 24.6 | ||
Turkey (2005) | Boru [64] | L.t. | P.i. | 1,835 | 15–45 | 15.8 | ||
Turkey (2005) | Celik [55] | L.t. | P.i. | 386 | >14 | 9.3 | 29.3 | 19.9 |
Turkey (2002) | Kececi [56] | L.t. | P.i. | 947 | ≥7 | 7.9 | 17.1 | 12.5 |
UK (2003) | Steiner [57] | 1-y | T.i. | 4,007 | 16–65 | 7.6 | 18.3 | 14.3 |
Children and youth | ||||||||
Finland (1994) | Metsähonkala [69] | L.t. | Q | 3,580 | 8–9 | 3 | 2.3 | 2.7 |
Germany (2007) | Fendrich [84] | 3-m | Q | 3,324 | 12–15 | 4.4 | 9.3 | 6.9 |
Germany (2009) | Heinrich [85] | 6-m | Q | 2,553 | 9–14 | 13.1 | ||
Greece (1999) | Mavromichalis [86] | 1-y | Q | 3,509 | 4–15 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 6.2 |
Italy (1995) | Raieli [72] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,445 | 11–14 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.0 |
Norway (2004) | Zwart [19] | 1-y | Q | 8,255 | 13–19 | 4.8 | 9.1 | 7.0 |
Serbia (2007) | Milanovic [73] | L.t. | P.i. | 1,259 | 7–12 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 3.3 |
Sweden (2004) | Laurell [33] | 1-y | Q | 1,850 | 7–15 | 9.8 | 12.2 | 11.0 |
Turkey (2005) | Bugdayci [75] | N.s. | P.i. | 5,777 | 8–16 | 10.4 | ||
Turkey (2004) | Zencir [87] | N.s. | Q | 2,490 | 11–18 | 6.7 | 11.0 | 8.8 |
Turkey (2006) | Karli [76] | 1-y | Q | 2,387 | 12–17 | 14.5 | ||
Turkey (2007) | Akyol [88] | L.t. | Q | 7,721 | 9–17 | 7.8 | 11.7 | 9.7 |
Turkey (2006) | Unalp [77] | 1-y | Q | 2,384 | 14–18 | 9.6 | ||
UK (1994) | Abu-Arefeh [79] | 1-y | Q | 2,165 | 5–15 | 9.7 | 11.5 | 10.6 |
Elderly | ||||||||
Italy (2001) | Prencipe [16] | 1-y | P.i. | 833 | ≥65 | 7.4 | 13.8 | 11 |
Italy (2003) | Camarda [80] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,031 | ≥65 | 2.3 | 6.4 | 4.6 |
TTH
Country (year) | Reference | Time frame | Method |
N
| Age range (years) | TTH | Chronic TTH | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | Total | M | F | Total | ||||||
Adults | |||||||||||
Croatia (2001, 2003) | Zivadinov [49] | L.t. | P.i. | 3,794 | 15–65 | 32.3 | 37.1 | 34.8 | |||
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | 1-y | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 63 | 86 | 74 | |||
Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | L.t. | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 69 | 88 | 78 | 3.0 | ||
Denmark (2005) | Lyngberg [36] | 1-y | P.i. | 207 | 25–36 | 81.5 | 90.4 | 86.5 | 4.8 | ||
Denmark (2006) | Russell [44] | 1-y | Q | 28,195 | 12–41 | 78.9 | 92.5 | 86.0 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.9 |
Georgia (2009) | Katsarava [12] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,145 | ≥16 | 37.3 | 3.8 | ||||
Germany (1994) | Gobel [52] | L.t. | Q | 4,061 | ≥18 | 37 | 39 | 38 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Germany (2009) | Pfaffenrath [61] | 6-m | P.i. | 7,417 | ≥20 | 31.5 | 1.25 | ||||
Germany (2009) | Radke [62] | 1-y | T.i. | 7,341 | ≥18 | 53.0 | 66.6 | 60.2 | |||
Norway (2008) | Grande [22] | 1-y | Q | 20,598 | 30–44 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 2.8 | |||
Portugal (2005) | Pereira Monteiro [53] | L.t. | Q | 2,008 | All ages | 48.7 | 4.1 | ||||
Turkey (2003) | Koseoglu [89] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,146 | 45–64 | 18.8 | 6.3 | ||||
Children/youth | |||||||||||
Finland (2002) | Anttila [90] | N.s. | Q | 1,135 | 12 | 12.2 | 0 | ||||
Germany (2007) | Fendrich [84] | 3-m | Q | 3,324 | 12–15 | 19.1 | 21.2 | 20.2 | 0.2 | ||
Norway (2004) | Zwart [19] | 1-y | Q | 8,255 | 13–19 | 12.5 | 23.2 | 18.0 | |||
Serbia (2007) | Milanovic [73] | L.t. | P.i. | 1,259 | 7–12 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.3 | |||
Sweden (2004) | Laurell [33] | 1-y | Q | 1,850 | 7–15 | 7.9 | 11.8 | 9.8 | |||
Turkey (2005) | Bugdayci [75] | N.s. | P.i. | 5,777 | 8–16 | 24.7 | 1.5 | ||||
Turkey (2004) | Kaynak Key [91] | N.s. | Q | 2,226 | 17–21 | 14.3 | 22.7 | 20.35 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 1.9 |
Turkey (2006) | Unalp [77] | 1-y | Q | 2,384 | 14–18 | 5.7 |