Abstract
Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are currently treated with replacement of the torn ligament with a graft of tendon harvested from elsewhere in the knee. This procedure, called “ACL reconstruction,” is excellent for restoring gross stability to the knee; however, there are relatively high graft failure rates in adolescent patients (Barber et al. in Arthroscopy 30(4):483–491, 2014; Engelman et al. in Am J Sports Med, 2014; Webster et al. in Am J Sports Med 42(3):641–647, 2014), and the ACL reconstruction procedure does not prevent the premature osteoarthritis seen in patients after an ACL injury (Ajuied et al. in Am J Sports Med, 2013; Song et al. in J Sports Med 41(10):2340–2346, 2013; Tourville et al. Am J Sports Med 41(4):769–778, 2013) .Thus, new solutions are needed for ACL injuries. Researchers have been investigating the use of scaffolds, growth factors and cells to supplement a suture repair of the ACL (bridge-enhanced repair; also called bio-enhanced repair in prior publications). In this paper, we will review the varied approaches which have been investigated for stimulating ACL healing and repair in preclinical models and how one of these technologies was able to move from promising preclinical results to FDA acceptance of an investigational device exemption application for a first-in-human study.
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Acknowledgments
This publication was made possible by Grant Numbers 1RO1-AR056834, 1RO1-AR056834S1 (ARRA), and 2R01-AR054099 from NIAMS/NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAMS or NIH.
Conflict of interest
Dr. Murray reports grants from NIH, during the conduct of the study; In addition, Dr. Murray is an inventor listed on patents held by Boston Children’s Hospital in the area of ligament repair.
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Associate Editor Fei Wang oversaw the review of this article.
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L. Proffen, B., S. Perrone, G., Roberts, G. et al. Bridge-Enhanced ACL Repair: A Review of the Science and the Pathway Through FDA Investigational Device Approval. Ann Biomed Eng 43, 805–818 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1257-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1257-z