Skip to main content
Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior 5/2018

30.08.2017 | Original Paper

The Associations of Resilience and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Gay, Bisexual, Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Deep South: The MARI Study

verfasst von: Obie S. McNair, June A. Gipson, Damian Denson, Darwin V. Thompson, Madeline Y. Sutton, DeMarc A. Hickson

Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior | Ausgabe 5/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Resilience is an understudied intrapersonal factor that may reduce HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM). Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of sexual risk behaviors, HIV prevalence, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with resilience scores in a population-based study among 364 black MSM in the Deep South. Participants with higher resilience scores had a lower prevalence of condomless anal sex with casual sexual partners in past 12 months (PR = 0.80, p value = 0.001) and during their last sexual encounter (PR = 0.81; p value = 0.009). Resilience was inversely associated with a lower prevalence of condomless anal sex with main sexual partners, participating in a sex party/orgy and having a STI in the past 12 months. Resilience may have a protective effect on HIV among black MSM, especially in the Deep South, and should be further explored in studies with prospective designs.
Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Lieb S, Prejean J, Thompson DR, Fallon SJ, Cooper H, Gates GJ, et al. HIV prevalence rates among men who have sex with men in the southern United States: population-based estimates by race/ethnicity. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(3):596–606.CrossRefPubMed Lieb S, Prejean J, Thompson DR, Fallon SJ, Cooper H, Gates GJ, et al. HIV prevalence rates among men who have sex with men in the southern United States: population-based estimates by race/ethnicity. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(3):596–606.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Matthews DD, Smith JC, Brown AL, Malebranche DJ. Reconciling epidemiology and social justice in the public health discourse around the sexual networks of black men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(5):808–14.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Matthews DD, Smith JC, Brown AL, Malebranche DJ. Reconciling epidemiology and social justice in the public health discourse around the sexual networks of black men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(5):808–14.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Hickson DA, Truong NL, Smith-Bankhead N, Sturdevant N, Duncan DT, Schnorr J, et al. Rationale, design and methods of the ecological study of sexual behaviors and HIV/STI among African American men who have sex with men in the Southeastern United States (the MARI study). PLoS ONE. 2015;10(12):e0143823.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hickson DA, Truong NL, Smith-Bankhead N, Sturdevant N, Duncan DT, Schnorr J, et al. Rationale, design and methods of the ecological study of sexual behaviors and HIV/STI among African American men who have sex with men in the Southeastern United States (the MARI study). PLoS ONE. 2015;10(12):e0143823.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Baral S, Logie CH, Grosso A, Wirtz AL, Beyrer C. Modified social ecological model: a tool to guide the assessment of the risks and risk contexts of HIV epidemics. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:482.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baral S, Logie CH, Grosso A, Wirtz AL, Beyrer C. Modified social ecological model: a tool to guide the assessment of the risks and risk contexts of HIV epidemics. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:482.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Mayer KH, Wheeler DP, Bekker LG, Grinsztejn B, Remien RH, Sandfort TG, et al. Overcoming biological, behavioral, and structural vulnerabilities: new directions in research to decrease HIV transmission in men who have sex with men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;63(Suppl 2):S161–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mayer KH, Wheeler DP, Bekker LG, Grinsztejn B, Remien RH, Sandfort TG, et al. Overcoming biological, behavioral, and structural vulnerabilities: new directions in research to decrease HIV transmission in men who have sex with men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;63(Suppl 2):S161–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat McCree DH, Jones KT, O’Leary A, editors. African Americans and HIV/AIDS: understanding and addressing the epidemic. New York: Springer; 2010. McCree DH, Jones KT, O’Leary A, editors. African Americans and HIV/AIDS: understanding and addressing the epidemic. New York: Springer; 2010.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Fergus S, Zimmerman MA. Adolescent resilience: a framework for understanding healthy development in the face of risk. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26:399–419.CrossRefPubMed Fergus S, Zimmerman MA. Adolescent resilience: a framework for understanding healthy development in the face of risk. Annu Rev Public Health. 2005;26:399–419.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilson PA, Meyer IH, Antebi-Gruszka N, Boone MR, Cook SH, Cherenack EM. Profiles of resilience and psychosocial outcomes among young black gay and bisexual men. Am J Community Psychol. 2016;57(1–2):144–57.CrossRefPubMed Wilson PA, Meyer IH, Antebi-Gruszka N, Boone MR, Cook SH, Cherenack EM. Profiles of resilience and psychosocial outcomes among young black gay and bisexual men. Am J Community Psychol. 2016;57(1–2):144–57.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Masten AS. Ordinary magic: resilience processes in development. Am Psychol. 2001;56(3):227–38.CrossRefPubMed Masten AS. Ordinary magic: resilience processes in development. Am Psychol. 2001;56(3):227–38.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Buttram ME. The social environmental elements of resilience among vulnerable African American/black men who have sex with men. J Hum Behav Soc Environ. 2015;25(8):923–33.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Buttram ME. The social environmental elements of resilience among vulnerable African American/black men who have sex with men. J Hum Behav Soc Environ. 2015;25(8):923–33.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Herrick AL, Stall R, Goldhammer H, Egan JE, Mayer KH. Resilience as a research framework and as a cornerstone of prevention research for gay and bisexual men: theory and evidence. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(1):1–9.CrossRefPubMed Herrick AL, Stall R, Goldhammer H, Egan JE, Mayer KH. Resilience as a research framework and as a cornerstone of prevention research for gay and bisexual men: theory and evidence. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(1):1–9.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Mustanski BS, Newcomb ME, Du Bois SN, Garcia SC, Grov C. HIV in young men who have sex with men: a review of epidemiology, risk and protective factors, and interventions. J Sex Res. 2011;48(2–3):218–53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mustanski BS, Newcomb ME, Du Bois SN, Garcia SC, Grov C. HIV in young men who have sex with men: a review of epidemiology, risk and protective factors, and interventions. J Sex Res. 2011;48(2–3):218–53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Herrick AL, Stall R, Chmiel JS, Guadamuz TE, Penniman T, Shoptaw S, et al. It gets better: resolution of internalized homophobia over time and associations with positive health outcomes among MSM. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(4):1423–30.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Herrick AL, Stall R, Chmiel JS, Guadamuz TE, Penniman T, Shoptaw S, et al. It gets better: resolution of internalized homophobia over time and associations with positive health outcomes among MSM. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(4):1423–30.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Gwadz MV, Clatts MC, Yi H, Leonard NR, Goldsamt L, Lankenau S. Resilience among young men who have sex with men in New York City. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2006;3(1):13–21.CrossRef Gwadz MV, Clatts MC, Yi H, Leonard NR, Goldsamt L, Lankenau S. Resilience among young men who have sex with men in New York City. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2006;3(1):13–21.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kurtz SP, Buttram ME, Surratt HL, Stall RD. Resilience, syndemic factors, and serosorting behaviors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative substance-using MSM. AIDS Educ Prev. 2012;24(3):193–205.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kurtz SP, Buttram ME, Surratt HL, Stall RD. Resilience, syndemic factors, and serosorting behaviors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative substance-using MSM. AIDS Educ Prev. 2012;24(3):193–205.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Mustanski B, Garofalo R, Herrick A, Donenberg G. Psychosocial health problems increase risk for HIV among urban young men who have sex with men: preliminary evidence of a syndemic in need of attention. Ann Behav Med. 2007;34(1):37–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mustanski B, Garofalo R, Herrick A, Donenberg G. Psychosocial health problems increase risk for HIV among urban young men who have sex with men: preliminary evidence of a syndemic in need of attention. Ann Behav Med. 2007;34(1):37–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Quinn K, Dickson-Gomez J, DiFranceisco W, Kelly JA, Lawrence JS. Correlates of internalized homonegativity among black men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2015;27(3):212–26.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Quinn K, Dickson-Gomez J, DiFranceisco W, Kelly JA, Lawrence JS. Correlates of internalized homonegativity among black men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2015;27(3):212–26.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson JL, Bakeman R, Sullivan P, Millett GA, Rosenberg E, Salazar L, et al. Social discrimination and resiliency are not associated with differences in prevalent HIV infection in black and white men who have sex with men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(5):538–43.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Peterson JL, Bakeman R, Sullivan P, Millett GA, Rosenberg E, Salazar L, et al. Social discrimination and resiliency are not associated with differences in prevalent HIV infection in black and white men who have sex with men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(5):538–43.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Scott HM, Pollack L, Rebchook GM, Huebner DM, Peterson J, Kegeles SM. Peer social support is associated with recent HIV testing among young black men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(5):913–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Scott HM, Pollack L, Rebchook GM, Huebner DM, Peterson J, Kegeles SM. Peer social support is associated with recent HIV testing among young black men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(5):913–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Leary A, Jemmott JB III, Stevens R, Rutledge SE, Icard LD. Optimism and education buffer the effects of syndemic conditions on HIV status among African American men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(11):2080–8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral O’Leary A, Jemmott JB III, Stevens R, Rutledge SE, Icard LD. Optimism and education buffer the effects of syndemic conditions on HIV status among African American men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(11):2080–8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Reif S, Pence BW, Hall I, Hu X, Whetten K, Wilson E. HIV diagnoses, prevalence and outcomes in nine southern states. J Community Health. 2015;40(4):642–51.CrossRefPubMed Reif S, Pence BW, Hall I, Hu X, Whetten K, Wilson E. HIV diagnoses, prevalence and outcomes in nine southern states. J Community Health. 2015;40(4):642–51.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Reif SS, Whetten K, Wilson ER, McAllaster C, Pence BW, Legrand S, et al. HIV/AIDS in the Southern USA: a disproportionate epidemic. AIDS Care. 2014;26(3):351–9.CrossRefPubMed Reif SS, Whetten K, Wilson ER, McAllaster C, Pence BW, Legrand S, et al. HIV/AIDS in the Southern USA: a disproportionate epidemic. AIDS Care. 2014;26(3):351–9.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Millett GA, Peterson JL, Wolitski RJ, Stall R. Greater risk for HIV infection of black men who have sex with men: a critical literature review. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(6):1007–19.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Millett GA, Peterson JL, Wolitski RJ, Stall R. Greater risk for HIV infection of black men who have sex with men: a critical literature review. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(6):1007–19.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Maulsby C, Millett G, Lindsey K, Kelley R, Johnson K, Montoya D, et al. HIV among black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States: a review of the literature. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(1):10–25.CrossRefPubMed Maulsby C, Millett G, Lindsey K, Kelley R, Johnson K, Montoya D, et al. HIV among black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States: a review of the literature. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(1):10–25.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety. 2003;18:76–82.CrossRefPubMed Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety. 2003;18:76–82.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell-Sills L, Cohan SL, Stein MB. Relationship of resilience to personality, coping, and psychiatric symptoms in young adults. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(4):585–99.CrossRefPubMed Campbell-Sills L, Cohan SL, Stein MB. Relationship of resilience to personality, coping, and psychiatric symptoms in young adults. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(4):585–99.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown DL. African American resiliency: examining racial socialization and social support as protective factors. J Black Psychol. 2008;34:32–48.CrossRef Brown DL. African American resiliency: examining racial socialization and social support as protective factors. J Black Psychol. 2008;34:32–48.CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Coates EE, Phares V, Dedrick RF. Psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 among low-income, African American men. Psychol Assess. 2013;25(4):1349–54.CrossRefPubMed Coates EE, Phares V, Dedrick RF. Psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 among low-income, African American men. Psychol Assess. 2013;25(4):1349–54.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell-Sills L, Stein MB. Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): validation of a 10-item measure of resilience. J Trauma Stress. 2007;20(6):1019–28.CrossRefPubMed Campbell-Sills L, Stein MB. Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): validation of a 10-item measure of resilience. J Trauma Stress. 2007;20(6):1019–28.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Resnick BA, Inguito PL. The Resilience Scale: psychometric properties and clinical applicability in older adults. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2011;25(1):11–20.CrossRefPubMed Resnick BA, Inguito PL. The Resilience Scale: psychometric properties and clinical applicability in older adults. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2011;25(1):11–20.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E. Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162(3):199–200.CrossRefPubMed Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E. Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162(3):199–200.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Poteat T, German D, Flynn C. The conflation of gender and sex: gaps and opportunities in HIV data among transgender women and MSM. Glob Public Health. 2016;11(7–8):835–48.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Poteat T, German D, Flynn C. The conflation of gender and sex: gaps and opportunities in HIV data among transgender women and MSM. Glob Public Health. 2016;11(7–8):835–48.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Sanchez T, Finlayson T, Murrill C, Guilin V, Dean L. Risk behaviors and psychosocial stressors in the New York City house ball community: a comparison of men and transgender women who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(2):351–8.CrossRefPubMed Sanchez T, Finlayson T, Murrill C, Guilin V, Dean L. Risk behaviors and psychosocial stressors in the New York City house ball community: a comparison of men and transgender women who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(2):351–8.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Bauermeister JA, Ventuneac A, Pingel E, Parsons JT. Spectrums of love: examining the relationship between romantic motivations and sexual risk among young gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(6):1549–59.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bauermeister JA, Ventuneac A, Pingel E, Parsons JT. Spectrums of love: examining the relationship between romantic motivations and sexual risk among young gay and bisexual men. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(6):1549–59.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Zurück zum Zitat MacDonald TK, Martineau AM. Self-esteem, mood, and intentions to use condoms: when does low self-esteem lead to risky health behaviors? J Exp Soc Psychol. 2002;38(3):299–306.CrossRef MacDonald TK, Martineau AM. Self-esteem, mood, and intentions to use condoms: when does low self-esteem lead to risky health behaviors? J Exp Soc Psychol. 2002;38(3):299–306.CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Sullivan PS, Salazar L, Buchbinder S, Sanchez TH. Estimating the proportion of HIV transmissions from main sex partners among men who have sex with men in five US cities. AIDS. 2009;23(9):1153–62.CrossRefPubMed Sullivan PS, Salazar L, Buchbinder S, Sanchez TH. Estimating the proportion of HIV transmissions from main sex partners among men who have sex with men in five US cities. AIDS. 2009;23(9):1153–62.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Goodreau SM, Carnegie NB, Vittinghoff E, Lama JR, Sanchez J, Grinsztejn B, et al. What drives the US and Peruvian HIV epidemics in men who have sex with men (MSM)? PLoS ONE. 2012;7(11):e50522.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Goodreau SM, Carnegie NB, Vittinghoff E, Lama JR, Sanchez J, Grinsztejn B, et al. What drives the US and Peruvian HIV epidemics in men who have sex with men (MSM)? PLoS ONE. 2012;7(11):e50522.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Bland SE, Driscoll MA, Cranston K, Isenberg D, et al. Sex parties among urban MSM: an emerging culture and HIV risk environment. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(2):305–18.CrossRefPubMed Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Bland SE, Driscoll MA, Cranston K, Isenberg D, et al. Sex parties among urban MSM: an emerging culture and HIV risk environment. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(2):305–18.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Solomon TM, Halkitis PN, Moeller RM, Siconolfi DE, Kiang MV, Barton SC. Sex parties among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in New York City: attendance and behavior. J Urban Health. 2011;88(6):1063–75.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Solomon TM, Halkitis PN, Moeller RM, Siconolfi DE, Kiang MV, Barton SC. Sex parties among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in New York City: attendance and behavior. J Urban Health. 2011;88(6):1063–75.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Binson D, Woods WJ, Pollack L, Paul J, Stall R, Catania JA. Differential HIV risk in bathhouses and public cruising areas. Am J of Public Health. 2001;91(9):1482–6.CrossRef Binson D, Woods WJ, Pollack L, Paul J, Stall R, Catania JA. Differential HIV risk in bathhouses and public cruising areas. Am J of Public Health. 2001;91(9):1482–6.CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Grov C, Parsons JT, Bimbi DS. Sexual risk behavior and venues for meeting sex partners: an intercept survey of gay and bisexual men in LA and NYC. AIDS Behav. 2007;11(6):915–26.CrossRefPubMed Grov C, Parsons JT, Bimbi DS. Sexual risk behavior and venues for meeting sex partners: an intercept survey of gay and bisexual men in LA and NYC. AIDS Behav. 2007;11(6):915–26.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Pollock JA, Halkitis PN. Environmental factors in relation to unprotected sexual behavior among gay, bisexual, and other MSM. AIDS Educ Prev. 2009;21(4):340–55.CrossRefPubMed Pollock JA, Halkitis PN. Environmental factors in relation to unprotected sexual behavior among gay, bisexual, and other MSM. AIDS Educ Prev. 2009;21(4):340–55.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones KT, Gray P, Whiteside YO, Wang T, Bost D, Dunbar E, et al. Evaluation of an HIV prevention intervention adapted for black men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(6):1043–50.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Jones KT, Gray P, Whiteside YO, Wang T, Bost D, Dunbar E, et al. Evaluation of an HIV prevention intervention adapted for black men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(6):1043–50.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilton L, Herbst JH, Coury-Doniger P, Painter TM, English G, Alvarez ME, et al. Efficacy of an HIV/STI prevention intervention for black men who have sex with men: findings from the many men, many voices (3MV) project. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(3):532–44.CrossRefPubMed Wilton L, Herbst JH, Coury-Doniger P, Painter TM, English G, Alvarez ME, et al. Efficacy of an HIV/STI prevention intervention for black men who have sex with men: findings from the many men, many voices (3MV) project. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(3):532–44.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Saewyc EM. Research on adolescent sexual orientation: Development, health disparities, stigma, and resilience. J Res Adoles. 2011;21(1):256–72.CrossRef Saewyc EM. Research on adolescent sexual orientation: Development, health disparities, stigma, and resilience. J Res Adoles. 2011;21(1):256–72.CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Longmore MA, Manning WD, Giordano PC, Rudolph JL. Self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and adolescents’ sexual onset. Soc Psychol Q. 2004;67(3):279–95.CrossRef Longmore MA, Manning WD, Giordano PC, Rudolph JL. Self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and adolescents’ sexual onset. Soc Psychol Q. 2004;67(3):279–95.CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Lohman BJ, Billings A. Protective and risk factors associated with adolescent boys’ early sexual debut and risky sexual behaviors. J Youth Adoles. 2008;37(6):723–35.CrossRef Lohman BJ, Billings A. Protective and risk factors associated with adolescent boys’ early sexual debut and risky sexual behaviors. J Youth Adoles. 2008;37(6):723–35.CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Herrick AL, Lim SH, Wei C, Smith H, Guadamuz T, Friedman MS, Stall R. Resilience as an untapped resource in behavioral intervention design for gay men. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(Suppl 1):S25–9.CrossRefPubMed Herrick AL, Lim SH, Wei C, Smith H, Guadamuz T, Friedman MS, Stall R. Resilience as an untapped resource in behavioral intervention design for gay men. AIDS Behav. 2011;15(Suppl 1):S25–9.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones KT, Johnson WD, Wheeler DP, Gray P, Foust E, Gaiter J. Nonsupportive peer norms and incarceration as HIV risk correlates for young black men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(1):41–50.CrossRefPubMed Jones KT, Johnson WD, Wheeler DP, Gray P, Foust E, Gaiter J. Nonsupportive peer norms and incarceration as HIV risk correlates for young black men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(1):41–50.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Brewer RA, Magnus M, Kuo I, Wang L, Liu TY, Mayer KH. The high prevalence of incarceration history among black men who have sex with men in the United States: associations and implications. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(3):448–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brewer RA, Magnus M, Kuo I, Wang L, Liu TY, Mayer KH. The high prevalence of incarceration history among black men who have sex with men in the United States: associations and implications. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(3):448–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Taussig J, Shouse RL, LaMarre M, et al. HIV transmission among male inmates in a state prison system—Georgia, 1992–2005. J Am Med Assoc. 2006;296(2):162–4.CrossRef Taussig J, Shouse RL, LaMarre M, et al. HIV transmission among male inmates in a state prison system—Georgia, 1992–2005. J Am Med Assoc. 2006;296(2):162–4.CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Millett GA, Peterson JL. The known hidden epidemic: HIV/AIDS among black men who have sex with men in the United States. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(4 suppl):31–3.CrossRef Millett GA, Peterson JL. The known hidden epidemic: HIV/AIDS among black men who have sex with men in the United States. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(4 suppl):31–3.CrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Millett GA, Peterson JL, Flores SA, Hart TA, Jeffries WL, Wilson PA, et al. Comparisons of disparities and risks of HIV infection in black and other men who have sex with men in Canada, UK, and USA: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2012;380(9839):341–8.CrossRefPubMed Millett GA, Peterson JL, Flores SA, Hart TA, Jeffries WL, Wilson PA, et al. Comparisons of disparities and risks of HIV infection in black and other men who have sex with men in Canada, UK, and USA: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2012;380(9839):341–8.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Oster AM, Wiegand RE, Sionean C, Miles IJ, Thomas PE, Melendez-Morales L, et al. Understanding disparities in HIV infection between black and white MSM in the United States. AIDS. 2011;25(8):1103–12.CrossRefPubMed Oster AM, Wiegand RE, Sionean C, Miles IJ, Thomas PE, Melendez-Morales L, et al. Understanding disparities in HIV infection between black and white MSM in the United States. AIDS. 2011;25(8):1103–12.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Sullivan PS, Rosenberg ES, Sanchez TH, Kelley CF, Luisi N, Cooper HL, et al. Explaining racial disparities in HIV incidence in black and white men who have sex with men in Atlanta, GA: a prospective observational cohort study. Ann Epidemiol. 2015;25(6):445–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sullivan PS, Rosenberg ES, Sanchez TH, Kelley CF, Luisi N, Cooper HL, et al. Explaining racial disparities in HIV incidence in black and white men who have sex with men in Atlanta, GA: a prospective observational cohort study. Ann Epidemiol. 2015;25(6):445–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
The Associations of Resilience and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Gay, Bisexual, Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Deep South: The MARI Study
verfasst von
Obie S. McNair
June A. Gipson
Damian Denson
Darwin V. Thompson
Madeline Y. Sutton
DeMarc A. Hickson
Publikationsdatum
30.08.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
AIDS and Behavior / Ausgabe 5/2018
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1881-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2018

AIDS and Behavior 5/2018 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.