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Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
Erschienen in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 1/2010

01.03.2010 | NON-THEMATIC REVIEW

DNA methylation markers in colorectal cancer

verfasst von: Myoung Sook Kim, Juna Lee, David Sidransky

Erschienen in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Ausgabe 1/2010

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises as a consequence of the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in colonic epithelial cells during neoplastic transformation. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation in selected gene promoters, are recognized as common molecular alterations in human tumors. Substantial efforts have been made to determine the cause and role of aberrant DNA methylation (“epigenomic instability”) in colon carcinogenesis. In the colon, aberrant DNA methylation arises in tumor-adjacent, normal-appearing mucosa. Aberrant methylation also contributes to later stages of colon carcinogenesis through simultaneous methylation in key specific genes that alter specific oncogenic pathways. Hypermethylation of several gene clusters has been termed CpG island methylator phenotype and appears to define a subgroup of colon cancer distinctly characterized by pathological, clinical, and molecular features. DNA methylation of multiple promoters may serve as a biomarker for early detection in stool and blood DNA and as a tool for monitoring patients with CRC. DNA methylation patterns may also be predictors of metastatic or aggressive CRC. Therefore, the aim of this review is to understand DNA methylation as a driving force in colorectal neoplasia and its emerging value as a molecular marker in the clinic.
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Metadaten
Titel
DNA methylation markers in colorectal cancer
verfasst von
Myoung Sook Kim
Juna Lee
David Sidransky
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2010
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Ausgabe 1/2010
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-010-9207-6

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