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Effect of N-salicyloyltryptamine (STP), a novel tryptamine analogue, on parameters of cell viability, oxidative stress, and immunomodulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages

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Abstract

Immunomodulatory actions exerted by some classes of tryptamines, such as benzoyltryptamine analogues, suggest these molecules as promising candidates to develop new therapies to treat conditions associated to acute and chronic pain and inflammation. N-salicyloyltryptamine (STP) was observed to act as an anticonvulsive agent and exert antinociceptive effects in mouse. In the present work, we performed a screening of cytotoxic, cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, and redox properties of STP in RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with hydrogen peroxide and LPS. Our results show that STP presents no cytotoxicity in the range of 0.001 to 1 μg/mL, but doses of 50 and 100 μg/mL caused loss of cell viability (IC50 = 22.75 μg/mL). Similarly, STP at 0.001 to 1 μg/mL did not cause oxidative stress to RAW 264.7 cells, although it did not prevent cell death induced by H2O2 0.5 mM. At 1 μg/mL, STP reversed some redox and inflammatory parameters induced by LPS. These include thiol (sulfhydryl) oxidation, superoxide dismutase activation, and morphological changes associated to macrophage activation. Besides, STP significantly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β release, as well as CD40 and TNF-α protein upregulation. Signaling events induced by LPS, such as phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and IκBα and p65 nuclear translocation (NF-kB activation) were also inhibited by STP. These data indicate that STP is able to modulate inflammatory parameters at doses that do not interfere in cell viability.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by grants from the Brazilian governmental agencies FAPERGS (PqG 12/0998-0, ARD 11/1893-7, PRONEX 1000274) CAPES (PROCAD 066/2007), CNPq, IBN-Net (#01.06.0842-00), INCT-EN, and PROPESQ-UFRGS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul—Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Juciano Gasparotto, Matheus Augusto de Bittencourt Pasquali, Nauana Somensi, Laura Milán Vasques, José Claudio Fonseca Moreira & Daniel Pens Gelain

  2. Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmaceutica, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil

    Reinaldo Nobrega de Almeida, Jose Maria Barbosa-Filho, Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de Souza & Stanley Juan Chavez Gutierrez

  3. Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil

    Lucindo José Quintans Júnior

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  1. Juciano Gasparotto
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Correspondence to Daniel Pens Gelain.

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Gasparotto, J., de Bittencourt Pasquali, M.A., Somensi, N. et al. Effect of N-salicyloyltryptamine (STP), a novel tryptamine analogue, on parameters of cell viability, oxidative stress, and immunomodulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cell Biol Toxicol 29, 175–187 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-013-9245-2

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