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A Meta-analytic Review of Components Associated with Parent Training Program Effectiveness

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Abstract

This component analysis used meta-analytic techniques to synthesize the results of 77 published evaluations of parent training programs (i.e., programs that included the active acquisition of parenting skills) to enhance behavior and adjustment in children aged 0–7. Characteristics of program content and delivery method were used to predict effect sizes on measures of parenting behaviors and children’s externalizing behavior. After controlling for differences attributable to research design, program components consistently associated with larger effects included increasing positive parent–child interactions and emotional communication skills, teaching parents to use time out and the importance of parenting consistency, and requiring parents to practice new skills with their children during parent training sessions. Program components consistently associated with smaller effects included teaching parents problem solving; teaching parents to promote children’s cognitive, academic, or social skills; and providing other, additional services. The results have implications for selection and strengthening of existing parent training programs.

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Notes

  1. Inspection of the full set of effect sizes suggested a small number of potential outliers on the positive and negative tails of the distribution. Adjusting those values to less extreme ones (i.e., Winsorizing) reduced the overall effect size slightly, but not significantly. Because the important question was whether or not extreme values influenced the results of the more complex hypothesis-driven analyses, all subsequent analyses were conducted with and without adjusting potential outliers. None of the patterns of results changed as a function of Winsorizing. For simplicity in presentation, all reported results are based on original computed effect size values (i.e., to avoid describing multiple Winsorizing processes across different sets of effect sizes).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, MS-K60, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA

    Jennifer Wyatt Kaminski & Linda Anne Valle

  2. James Bell Associates, 1001 19th Street, North, Suite 1500, Arlington, VA, 22209, USA

    Jill H. Filene

  3. University of Kansas, c/o Marcus Institute, 1920 Briarcliff Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Cynthia L. Boyle

Authors
  1. Jennifer Wyatt Kaminski
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  2. Linda Anne Valle
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  3. Jill H. Filene
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  4. Cynthia L. Boyle
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Correspondence to Jennifer Wyatt Kaminski.

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The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Wyatt Kaminski, J., Valle, L.A., Filene, J.H. et al. A Meta-analytic Review of Components Associated with Parent Training Program Effectiveness. J Abnorm Child Psychol 36, 567–589 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-007-9201-9

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