Abstract
A number of low molecular weight (LMW) fractions of carrageenans with different structural types were obtained by free radical depolymerization (H2O2), mild acid hydrolysis (HCl), and a specific enzyme. Three samples of carrageenans were depolymerized: kappa-carrageenan from Chondrus armatus, kappa-carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii, and kappa/beta-carrageenan from Tichocarpus crinitus with initial molecular weights of 250, 390, and 400 kDa, respectively. The chemical depolymerization by two methods resulted to LMW derivatives of carrageenans with molecular weight from 1.2 to 3.5 kDa. Oligosaccharides of kappa- and kappa/beta-carrageenans with molecular weight of 2.2 and 4.3 kDa, respectively, were obtained after enzymatic depolymerization by recombinant kappa-carrageenase from Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora. It was shown that the antiviral activity of high molecular weight carrageenans against tobacco mosaic virus was higher than that of their LWM derivatives independently on the depolymerization method. The method of depolymerization had some influence on the antiviral activity of carrageenan. LMW derivatives of kappa- and kappa/beta-carrageenans obtained by mild acid hydrolysis showed higher antiviral activity than the products of free radical depolymerization. The oligosaccharides prepared by enzymatic degradation possessed the lowest activity.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr W. Helbert (Roscoff, France) for help in preparing of oligosaccharides kappa/beta-carrageenan by enzymatic degradation. This work was supported by the Programs for Fundamental Research of the Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences “Molecular-cell biology” and Grant of “Basic research to Medicine” and government grant no. 02.740.11.0777.
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Kalitnik, A.A., Byankina Barabanova, A.O., Nagorskaya, V.P. et al. Low molecular weight derivatives of different carrageenan types and their antiviral activity. J Appl Phycol 25, 65–72 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-012-9839-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-012-9839-8