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Effect of nanoscale bioactive glass with radial spherical particles on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

  • Engineering and Nano-engineering Approaches for Medical Devices
  • Original Research
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Abstract

To validate the feasibility of two types of bioactive glass that contains spherical and radical spherical nano-sized particles in promoting bone repair, we hypothesize that radical spherical nano-sized particles have higher bone repair effectiveness than spherical one due to the physicochemical properties. We rigorously compared the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of these two types of bioactive glass. Specifically, we measured the size, surface morphology, concentration of ionic-dissolution products, bioactivity, and biological effects of two groups of bioactive glass on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and evaluate their effect on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in vitro. We observed that spherical nano-bioactive glass (SNBG) was spherical with smooth boundary, while the radial spherical nano-bioactive glass (RSNBG) had radial pore on the surface of particle boundary. When the two materials were immersed in simulated body fluid for 24 h, RSNBG produced more and denser hydroxyapatite carbonate than SNBG. The concentration of Ca and Si ions in RSNBG 24 h extract is higher than that of SNBG, while the concentration of P ions is lower. Proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, intracellular Ca ion concentrations defined as the number of mineralized nodules produced, and the expression of osteogenic genes were significantly higher in rBMSCs co-cultured with 50 µg/mL RSNBG than SNBG. Overall, these results validated our hypothesis that RSNBG can provide better benefit than SNBG for inducing proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in rBMSCs, in turn suggested the feasibility of this RSNBG in further studies and utilization toward the ends of improved bone repair effectiveness.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0201704/2016YFA0201700), the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (1701163B), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81701025), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (2014-37). All authors thank Xiaofeng Chen project group of the South China University of Technology for kindly providing bioactive glass.

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  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China

    Lili Wang, Jia Yan, Xiaokun Hu, Xinchen Zhu, Shuying Hu, Jun Qian, Feimin Zhang & Mei Liu

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  1. Lili Wang
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Wang, L., Yan, J., Hu, X. et al. Effect of nanoscale bioactive glass with radial spherical particles on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 31, 29 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06368-8

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