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Metabolic Brain Disease

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05.07.2017 | Original Article

Childhood maltreatment and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders share similar pathophysiology: a potential sensitisation mechanism?

verfasst von: Jacqueline S. Womersley, Soraya Seedat, Sian M. J. Hemmings

Erschienen in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Ausgabe 5/2017

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Abstract

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are increasingly prevalent despite the use of antiretroviral therapies. Previous research suggests that individual host factors play an important role in determining susceptibility to HAND. In this review, we propose that childhood trauma (CT) and HAND share several common aetiological mechanisms, namely hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. These convergent and consequent mechanisms may translate into an increased risk of developing HAND in individuals who have experienced early life stress. We provide an overview of basic and clinical research relating to these pathophysiological mechanisms and suggest that further research examine brain-derived neurotrophic factor and telomere length as common mediating factors and potential therapeutic targets for HAND and CT.

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Titel: Childhood maltreatment and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders share similar pathophysiology: a potential sensitisation mechanism?
verfasst von: Jacqueline S. Womersley
Soraya Seedat
Sian M. J. Hemmings
Publikationsdatum: 05.07.2017
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Metabolic Brain Disease / Ausgabe 5/2017
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0062-9

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Childhood maltreatment and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders share similar pathophysiology: a potential sensitisation mechanism?

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