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Adiponectin: a biomarker of obesity-induced insulin resistance in adipose tissue and beyond

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Biomedical Science

Abstract

Adiponectin is one of the most thoroughly studied adipocytokines. Low plasma levels of adiponectin are found to associate with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and many other human diseases. From animal experiments and human studies, adiponectin has been shown to be a key regulator of insulin sensitivity. In this article, we review the evidence and propose that hypo-adiponectinemia is not a major cause of obesity. Instead, it is the result of obesity-induced insulin resistance in the adipose tissue. Hypo-adiponectinemia then mediates the metabolic effects of obesity on the other peripheral tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle and may also exert some direct effects on end-organ damage. We propose that deciphering the molecular details governing the adiponectin gene expression and protein secretion will lead us to more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of insulin resistance in the adipose tissue and provide us new avenues for the therapeutic intervention of obesity and insulin resistance-related human disorders

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Abbreviations

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

MetS:

Metabolic syndrome

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

IL:

Interleukin

POMC:

Pro-opiomelanocortin

NP-Y:

Neuropeptide-Y

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor

KO:

Knockout

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

WT:

Wild-type

CCl4:

Carbon tetrachloride

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

PCOS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome

BMD:

Bone mineral density

PPRE:

PPAR response element

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

PKC:

Protein kinase C

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  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, ROC

    Jin-Ying Lu

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, ROC

    Jin-Ying Lu, Ta-Chan Su & Wei-Shiung Yang

  3. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Rm. 711, No. 1, Chang-Teh Street, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, ROC

    Jin-Ying Lu, Lin-Chau Chang, Ying-Shing Huang, Yu-Chiao Chi, Chi-Ling Chen & Wei-Shiung Yang

  4. Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, ROC

    Kuo-Chin Huang & Wei-Shiung Yang

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Lu, JY., Huang, KC., Chang, LC. et al. Adiponectin: a biomarker of obesity-induced insulin resistance in adipose tissue and beyond. J Biomed Sci 15, 565–576 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11373-008-9261-z

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